14 research outputs found
First results of dust injection in T-10 plasma
First results of T-10 injection experiments of the carbon dust particles with 2-10 mm diameter and 40-300 m/s velocity are presented. Different scenarios of the dust injection were tested. The dust particles ablation was studied. An approach for determination of a dust particle penetration length was developed. Measured penetration depths (3-7 cm) are compared with the simulation by the ablation model. The mm range of the separate dust particle diameters derived from the ablation data was close to sizes of the dust injected assuming that an acceleration of the separate particle is similar to the large carbon pellet in the pellet injector.ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ Π΅ΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ² ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ½ΠΆΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ³Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠΊ Π΄ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠΌ 2-10 ΠΌΠΊΠΌ Π·Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ 40-300 ΠΌ/Ρ Ρ Π’-10. ΠΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ·Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ½ΠΆΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΈΠ»Ρ. ΠΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠΏΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠΊ. Π ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠ·Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΡ Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π³Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠΊ. ΠΠ±ΠΌΡΡΡΠ½Ρ Π³Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ (3-7 ΡΠΌ) ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ²Π½ΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π· ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ½ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ Π²ΠΈΠΏΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΡΡΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ Π΄ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠΊ, ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½Ρ Π· Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠΏΠ°ΡΡ, Ρ Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΌΡΡΡΠ² ΡΠ½ΠΆΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΈΠ»Ρ, Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΏΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎ, ΡΠΊ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ½ΠΆΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ΅Π»Π΅ΡΡΠ².ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ³Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠΌ 2-10 ΠΌΠΊΠΌ ΡΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ 40-300 ΠΌ/Ρ Π² Π’-10. ΠΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ»ΠΈ. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ. Π Π°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ. ΠΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ (3-7 ΡΠΌ) ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈ ΠΊ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ»ΠΈ, Π² ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΆΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ΅Π»Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ²
Comissioning of the linear accelerator-injector at the TNK facility
The industrial storage facility has been developed and manufactured at the Budker INP SB RAS. It contains an
80 MeV electron linear accelerator-injector and two electron storage rings: the lesser 450 MeV booster ring and the
main 2.5 GeV storage ring. In 2002, the work on the accelerator assembling was begun. On December, 25 this year
the accelerator was started up, and the current at the linear accelerator output was obtained. The linear accelerator
schematic together with a description of the 6 meter long accelerating DAW structure which operates at 2.8 GHz,
are presented in the paper. The first results of the accelerator start-up are as follows: the accelerated electron current
of ~50 mA with the energy of ~55...60 MeV.Π’Π΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ Π±ΡΠ² ΡΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ Π²ΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ ΠΠ―Π€ ΡΠΌ. Π.Π. ΠΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ° Π‘Π
Π ΠΠ. ΠΡΠ½ ΠΌΡΡΡΠΈΡΡ Ρ ΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΡΠ½ΠΆΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡβΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Ρ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ² Π· Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ³ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ 80 ΠΠ΅Π Ρ Π΄Π²Π°
Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ²: ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡβΠ±ΡΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π° Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ³ΡΡ 450 ΠΠ΅Π Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°Ρ Π½Π°
Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ³ΡΡ 2.5 ΠΠ΅Π. ΠΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π° ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ° ΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΎΡ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ· ΡΠ°ΠΉΠ±Π°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ Π΄ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΆΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡ 6 ΠΌ, ΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΡ 2.8 ΠΠΡ.ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΏΡΡΠΊΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ°: ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΌ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ² ~50 ΠΌΠ Π·
Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ³ΡΡΡ ~(55...60) ΠΠ΅Π.Π’Π΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ Π±ΡΠ» ΡΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ Π² ΠΠ―Π€ ΠΈΠΌ. Π.Π. ΠΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ° Π‘Π
Π ΠΠ. ΠΠ½ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π² ΡΠ΅Π±Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡβΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π΄ΠΎ 80 ΠΡΠ ΠΈ Π΄Π²Π° Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²: ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠΉ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡβΠ±ΡΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π° ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΡ 450 ΠΡΠ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π½Π° ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΡ 2.5 ΠΡΠ. ΠΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ Ρ
ΡΠ°ΠΉΠ±Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ 6 ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ², ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅ 2.8 ΠΠΡ. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ
Π·Π°ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ° ΡΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ: ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ ΡΡΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΠΊ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ~50 ΠΌA Ρ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ~(55...60) ΠΡΠ
Geochemistry of hydrocarbons of the Terek-Caspian trough
Within the Terek-Caspian oil and gas bearing basin of the Eastern Ciscaucasia, oil deposits occur in a wide stratigraphic range of rocks of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic section, from the Jurassic, at depths from 5800 to 200 m. In the sedimentary section, carbonate and terrigenous Middle Jurassic, Lower Cretaceous, Oligocene-Lower Miocene and Miocene oil-mother rocks are distinguished. Organic matter from them have different geochemical characteristics and different maturity to realize the generation potential. The article presents the results of a comprehensive study of potential petroleum-bearing rocks and hydrocarbon fluids from the Terek-Sunzha folded zone of the Terek-Caspian Trough, including lithological, chemical-bituminological, pyrolytic, chromatographic and chromatographic-mass spectrometry investigations. A detailed description of hydrocarbon fluids at the molecular level and genetic correlations of oil-oil and oil-organic matter are given. Specific features of the oil deposits of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic section are noted. Among the studied bitumens, the chromatographic characteristics of the extractable organic matter from the Khadum carbonate-clayey deposits and oils from the Cretaceous and Neogene reservoirs are most similar. The composition of a complex natural mixture of hydrocarbons from various sources, with different maturation during the geological history of the region, does not allow making unambiguous conclusions about the source or sources of hydrocarbons for the deposits of the Terek-Caspian Trough
Nature of phase transitions in ammonium oxofluorovanadates, a vibrational spectroscopy study of (NH4)3VO2F4 and (NH4)3VOF5
Two ammonium oxofluorovanadates, (NH4)3VO2F4 and (NH4)3VOF5, have been in-vestigated by temperature-dependent infrared and Raman spectroscopy methods to determine the nature of phase transitions (PT) in these compounds. Dynamics of quasioctahedral groups was simulated within the framework of semi-empirical approach, which justified the cis-conformation of VO2F43β (C2v) and the C4v geometry of VOF53β. The observed infrared and Raman spectra of both compounds at room temperature (RT) revealed the presence at least of two crystallographically independent octahedral groups. The first order PT at elevated temperatures is connected with a complete dynamic disordering of these groups with only single octahedral state. At lower temperatures, the octahedra are ordered and several octahedral states appear. This PT is the most pronounced in the case of (NH4)3VOF5, when at least seven independent VOF53β octahedra are present in the structure below 50 K, in accordance with the Raman spec-tra. Ammonium groups do not take part in PTs at higher and room temperatures but their reorientational motion freezes at lower temperatures