14 research outputs found

    First results of dust injection in T-10 plasma

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    First results of T-10 injection experiments of the carbon dust particles with 2-10 mm diameter and 40-300 m/s velocity are presented. Different scenarios of the dust injection were tested. The dust particles ablation was studied. An approach for determination of a dust particle penetration length was developed. Measured penetration depths (3-7 cm) are compared with the simulation by the ablation model. The mm range of the separate dust particle diameters derived from the ablation data was close to sizes of the dust injected assuming that an acceleration of the separate particle is similar to the large carbon pellet in the pellet injector.ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡˆΡ– Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ СкспСримСнтів ΠΏΠΎ Ρ–Π½ΠΆΠ΅ΠΊΡ†Ρ–Ρ— Π²ΡƒΠ³Π»Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π²ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ… часток Π΄Ρ–Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ 2-10 ΠΌΠΊΠΌ Π·Ρ– ΡˆΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΡΡ‚ΡΠΌΠΈ 40-300 ΠΌ/с Ρƒ Π’-10. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Ρ€Ρ–Π·Π½Ρ– сцСнарії Ρ–Π½ΠΆΠ΅ΠΊΡ†Ρ–Ρ— ΠΏΠΈΠ»Ρƒ. ДослідТСно Π²ΠΈΠΏΠ°Ρ€ ΠΏΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ… часток. Π ΠΎΠ·Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠ·Π½Ρƒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΡƒ визначСння Π³Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ проникнСння ΠΏΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ… часток. ΠžΠ±ΠΌΡ–Ρ€ΡΠ½Ρ– Π³Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ проникнСння (3-7 см) ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ–Π²Π½ΡŽΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π· Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Ρ€Π°Ρ…ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ– Π²ΠΈΠΏΠ°Ρ€Ρƒ. ΠžΡ†Ρ–Π½Π΅Π½Ρ– ΠΌΡ–ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ– Π΄Ρ–Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ часток, ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½Ρ– Π· Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠΏΠ°Ρ€Ρƒ, Ρ” близькими Π΄ΠΎ Ρ€ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΡ–Ρ€Ρ–Π² Ρ–Π½ΠΆΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΈΠ»Ρƒ, Ρƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΏΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π½Π½Ρ– Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‰ΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΡ€Π΅ΠΌΡ– частки ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΡŽΡŽΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ само, як Ρ– ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Ρ–Π½ΠΆΠ΅ΠΊΡ†Ρ–Ρ— Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠ΅Π»Π΅Ρ‚Ρ–Π².ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ экспСримСнтов ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΡƒΠ³Π»Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ‹Π»Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… частиц Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ 2-10 ΠΌΠΊΠΌ со скоростями 40-300 ΠΌ/с Π² Π’-10. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ сцСнарии ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡ‹Π»ΠΈ. ИсслСдовано испарСниС ΠΏΡ‹Π»Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… частиц. Π Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° опрСдСлСния Π³Π»ΡƒΠ±ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ проникновСния ΠΏΡ‹Π»Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… частиц. Π˜Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π³Π»ΡƒΠ±ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ проникновСния (3-7 см) ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡŒ с расчСтами ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ испарСния. ΠžΡ†Π΅Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹ частиц, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈΠ· Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ, Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈ ΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌ ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ‹Π»ΠΈ, Π² ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ частицы ΡƒΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΆΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΏΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠ΅Π»Π»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²

    Comissioning of the linear accelerator-injector at the TNK facility

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    The industrial storage facility has been developed and manufactured at the Budker INP SB RAS. It contains an 80 MeV electron linear accelerator-injector and two electron storage rings: the lesser 450 MeV booster ring and the main 2.5 GeV storage ring. In 2002, the work on the accelerator assembling was begun. On December, 25 this year the accelerator was started up, and the current at the linear accelerator output was obtained. The linear accelerator schematic together with a description of the 6 meter long accelerating DAW structure which operates at 2.8 GHz, are presented in the paper. The first results of the accelerator start-up are as follows: the accelerated electron current of ~50 mA with the energy of ~55...60 MeV.Π’Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ‡ΡƒΠ²Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΠΉ комплСкс Π±ΡƒΠ² спроСктований Ρ– Π²ΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Ρƒ Π†Π―Π€ Ρ–ΠΌ. Π“.Π†. Π‘ΡƒΠ΄ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€Π° Π‘Π’ РАН. Π’Ρ–Π½ ΠΌΡ–ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρƒ собі інТСктор–лінійний ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΡŽΠ²Π°Ρ‡ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Ρ–Π² Π· Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π³Ρ–Ρ”ΡŽ Π΄ΠΎ 80 ΠœΠ΅Π’ Ρ– Π΄Π²Π° Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ‡ΡƒΠ²Π°Ρ‡Ρ– Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Ρ–Π²: ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΉ накопичувач–бустСр Π½Π° Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π³Ρ–ΡŽ 450 ΠœΠ΅Π’ Ρ– основний Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ‡ΡƒΠ²Π°Ρ‡ Π½Π° Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π³Ρ–ΡŽ 2.5 Π“Π΅Π’. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†Ρ–ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π° схСма Π»Ρ–Π½Ρ–ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΡŽΠ²Π°Ρ‡Π° ΠΉ опис конструкції ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΡŽΡŽΡ‡ΠΎΡ— структури Ρ–Π· шайбами Ρ– Π΄Ρ–Π°Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ довТиною 6 ΠΌ, Ρ‰ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π°Ρ†ΡŽΡ” Π½Π° частоті 2.8 Π“Π“Ρ†.ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡˆΡ– Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ запуску ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΡŽΠ²Π°Ρ‡Π°: ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ прискорСний струм Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Ρ–Π² ~50 мА Π· Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π³Ρ–Ρ”ΡŽ ~(55...60) ΠœΠ΅Π’.ВСхнологичСский Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ комплСкс Π±Ρ‹Π» спроСктирован ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ Π² ИЯЀ ΠΈΠΌ. Π“.И. Π‘ΡƒΠ΄ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€Π° БО РАН. Он Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π² сСбя инТСктор–линСйный ΡƒΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ элСктронов с энСргиСй Π΄ΠΎ 80 ΠœΡΠ’ ΠΈ Π΄Π²Π° накопитСля элСктронов: ΠΌΠ°Π»Ρ‹ΠΉ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒβ€“Π±ΡƒΡΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ Π½Π° ΡΠ½Π΅Ρ€Π³ΠΈΡŽ 450 ΠœΡΠ’ ΠΈ основной Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ Π½Π° ΡΠ½Π΅Ρ€Π³ΠΈΡŽ 2.5 ГэВ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ‚ΡΡ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ схСма Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ускоритСля ΠΈ описаниС конструкции ΡƒΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ структуры с шайбами ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ 6 ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ², Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ Π½Π° частотС 2.8 Π“Π“Ρ†. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ запуска ускоритСля: ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ ускорСнный Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ элСктронов ~50 ΠΌA с энСргиСй ~(55...60) ΠœΡΠ’

    Geochemistry of hydrocarbons of the Terek-Caspian trough

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    Within the Terek-Caspian oil and gas bearing basin of the Eastern Ciscaucasia, oil deposits occur in a wide stratigraphic range of rocks of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic section, from the Jurassic, at depths from 5800 to 200 m. In the sedimentary section, carbonate and terrigenous Middle Jurassic, Lower Cretaceous, Oligocene-Lower Miocene and Miocene oil-mother rocks are distinguished. Organic matter from them have different geochemical characteristics and different maturity to realize the generation potential. The article presents the results of a comprehensive study of potential petroleum-bearing rocks and hydrocarbon fluids from the Terek-Sunzha folded zone of the Terek-Caspian Trough, including lithological, chemical-bituminological, pyrolytic, chromatographic and chromatographic-mass spectrometry investigations. A detailed description of hydrocarbon fluids at the molecular level and genetic correlations of oil-oil and oil-organic matter are given. Specific features of the oil deposits of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic section are noted. Among the studied bitumens, the chromatographic characteristics of the extractable organic matter from the Khadum carbonate-clayey deposits and oils from the Cretaceous and Neogene reservoirs are most similar. The composition of a complex natural mixture of hydrocarbons from various sources, with different maturation during the geological history of the region, does not allow making unambiguous conclusions about the source or sources of hydrocarbons for the deposits of the Terek-Caspian Trough

    Nature of phase transitions in ammonium oxofluorovanadates, a vibrational spectroscopy study of (NH4)3VO2F4 and (NH4)3VOF5

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    Two ammonium oxofluorovanadates, (NH4)3VO2F4 and (NH4)3VOF5, have been in-vestigated by temperature-dependent infrared and Raman spectroscopy methods to determine the nature of phase transitions (PT) in these compounds. Dynamics of quasioctahedral groups was simulated within the framework of semi-empirical approach, which justified the cis-conformation of VO2F43– (C2v) and the C4v geometry of VOF53–. The observed infrared and Raman spectra of both compounds at room temperature (RT) revealed the presence at least of two crystallographically independent octahedral groups. The first order PT at elevated temperatures is connected with a complete dynamic disordering of these groups with only single octahedral state. At lower temperatures, the octahedra are ordered and several octahedral states appear. This PT is the most pronounced in the case of (NH4)3VOF5, when at least seven independent VOF53– octahedra are present in the structure below 50 K, in accordance with the Raman spec-tra. Ammonium groups do not take part in PTs at higher and room temperatures but their reorientational motion freezes at lower temperatures
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