Bildung im Dialog der Generationen

Der Beitrag behandelt - ausgehend von den Beiträgen Karl Mannheims und Mathilda Rileys zum Verständnis des Zusammenhangs zwischen Generationenfolge, individueller und gesellschaftlicher Entwicklung - das kulturelle und individuelle Potenzial des Generationendialogs. Der Generationendialog wird als eine bedeutende Komponente von Bildungsangeboten betrachtet. Eine anthropologische Kategorie - Mitverantwortung - sowie zwei psychologische Konstrukte - Identität und Generativität - bilden die theoretische Rahmung einzelner Projekte zur wechselseitigen Sicht von Generationen wie auch zum Generationendialog, die berichtet werden. Es wird auf Grundlage empirischer Daten aufgezeigt, wie auch in Ländern, die in den letzten zwei Jahrzehnten politische und kulturelle Umbrüche erfahren haben, der Generationendialog zum wachsenden Verständnis der Generationen untereinander sowie zur Differenzierung von nationaler und kultureller Identität beitragen kann. (DIPF/Orig.)Starting from Karl Mannheim and Mathilda Riley\u27s understanding of the relation between succession of generations, individual and societal development, the paper focuses on the cultural and individual potential of intergenerational dialog as an important component of education. The anthropological category of co-responsibility and the two psychological constructs of identity and generativity are used as the theoretical framework for intergenerational projects being reported. Based on empirical data it will be shown how intergenerational dialog might contribute to a growing mutual understanding between generations and the differentiation of national and cultural identity even in countries which experienced political and cultural upheavals in the last two decades. (DIPF/Orig.

Idea Mining – Text Mining Supported Knowledge Management for Innovation Purposes

Following the emergence of Social Media and the increasing willingness of customers to share thoughts, ideas, and experiences companies are trying to capitalize on such activities. Due to the vast amount of user-generated content, manual analysis and interpretation will not meet the demands of companies in highly competitive environments. Based on an integrative process model, which describes the process of idea generation, we outline a BPMN-based path that allows companies to steer user participation and the application of Text Mining methods to gain valuable ideas for innovative products. Our approach also illustrates the Knowledge Management perspective supporting the customers during idea generation. In order to demonstrate the applicability of our model we finally depict the whole process utilizing Dell’s IdeaStor

Generativity as a Route to Active Ageing

We elucidate the significance of active ageing from an individual as well as from a societal perspective. Taking an individual perspective, maintaining activity in later years is linked to successful ageing because of empirical relationships to positive self-perception, satisfaction with life, and development of competences, whereas from a societal perspective, active ageing implies usage of older people’s life competences as a human capital of society—a societal imperative, particularly in times of demographic change but also more basically substantiated in an ethics of responsibility, intergenerational solidarity, and generation equity. We focus on the psychological construct of generativity which is interpreted as an aspect of the philosophical-anthropological category of joint responsibility. Our own research in Mexico and the Baltic States supports the notion that maintaining access to the public sphere and active engagement for others is a more basic individual concern than a life-stages specific developmental task. We report background and results of a Dialogue Forum Project Funding, a research cooperation between our institute and the Foundation Remembrance, Responsibility, and Future aimed to improve generativity in Belarus, Russia, and Ukraine by implementing and supporting local initiatives offering opportunities for intergenerational dialogue

The Mass of the White Dwarf Companion in the Self-Lensing Binary KOI-3278: Einstein vs. Newton

KOI-3278 is a self-lensing stellar binary consisting of a white-dwarf secondary orbiting a Sun-like primary star. Kruse and Agol (2014) noticed small periodic brightenings every 88.18 days in the Kepler photometry and interpreted these as the result of microlensing by a white dwarf with about 63$\%$ of the mass of the Sun. We obtained two sets of spectra for the primary that allowed us to derive three sets of spectroscopic estimates for its effective temperature, surface gravity, and metallicity for the first time. We used these values to update the Kruse and Agol (2014) Einsteinian microlensing model, resulting in a revised mass for the white dwarf of $0.539^{+0.022}_{-0.020} \, M_{\odot}$. The spectra also allowed us to determine radial velocities and derive orbital solutions, with good agreement between the two independent data sets. An independent Newtonian dynamical MCMC model of the combined velocities yielded a mass for the white dwarf of $0.5122^{+0.0057}_{-0.0058} \, M_{\odot}$. The nominal uncertainty for the Newtonian mass is about four times better than for the Einsteinian, $\pm 1.1\%$ vs. $\pm 4.1\%$ and the difference between the two mass determinations is $5.2 \%$. We then present a joint Einsteinian microlensing and Newtonian radial velocity model for KOI-3278, which yielded a mass for the white dwarf of $0.5250^{+0.0082}_{-0.0089} \, M_{\odot}$. This joint model does not rely on any white dwarf evolutionary models or assumptions on the white dwarf mass-radius relation. We discuss the benefits of a joint model of self-lensing binaries, and how future studies of these systems can provide insight into the mass-radius relation of white dwarfs.Comment: ApJ Accepted; 22 Pages, 8 Figures, 6 Tables and 4 Supplementary Table