5,904 research outputs found
Kaposi’s sarcoma: Good outcome with doxorubicin, bleomycin and vincristine sulphate (ABV) chemotherapy and highly active antiretroviral therapy
There is little published information on effective treatment of Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) in children in low-income countries. We prospectively treated 12 patients with an institutional review board-approved protocol consisting of four monthly courses of doxorubicin (Adriamycin), bleomycin and vincristine sulphate (ABV), with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) plus co-trimoxazole prophylaxis for those who were HIV-positive, with additional vincristine if remission was not achieved after 4 months. Maintenance HAART plus co-trimoxazole was given to all HIV-positive patients. A fine-needle aspirate and CD4+ count were done if possible, and staging was performed according to Mitsuyasu. Eight of ten HIV-positive patients with stage III - IVB disease, and both HIV-negative patients with stage I disease, were in remission after 473 - 1 490 (mean 939) days. One patient died after absconding during treatment, and one died from neutropenia-related pulmonary infection. ABV with or without HAART is an effective treatment option for children with KS
The Evolutionary Status of Isolated Dwarf Irregular Galaxies II. Star Formation Histories and Gas Depletion
The results of UBV and H alpha imaging of a large sample of isolated dwarf
irregular galaxies are interpreted in the context of composite stellar
population models. The observed optical colors are best fit by composite
stellar populations which have had approximately constant star formation rates
for at least 10 Gyr. The galaxies span a range of central surface brightness,
from 20.5 to 25.0 mag arcsec^{-2}; there is no correlation between surface
brightness and star formation history. Although the current star formation
rates are low, it is possible to reproduce the observed luminosities without a
major starburst episode. The derived gas depletion timescales are long,
typically ~20 Gyr. These results indicate that dwarf irregular galaxies will be
able to continue with their slow, but constant, star formation activity for at
least another Hubble time.
The sample of isolated dIs is compared to a sample of star bursting dwarf
galaxies taken from the literature. The star bursting dwarf galaxies have many
similar properties; the main difference between these two types of gas-rich
dwarf galaxies is that the current star formation is concentrated in the center
of the star bursting systems while it is much more distributed in the quiescent
dIs. This results in pronounced color gradients for the starbursting dwarf
galaxies, while the majority of the quiescent dwarf irregular galaxies have
minor or non-existent color gradients. Thus, the combination of low current
star formation rates, blue colors, and the lack of significant color gradients
indicates that star formation percolates slowly across the disk of normal dwarf
galaxies in a quasi-continuous manner.Comment: 16 pages, uses emulateapj, to appear in The Astronomical Journal
(April 2001
Evaluation of the effect of plant growth retardants on vegetative growth, yield components, seed quality and crop maturity of kabuli chickpea
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