Supporting Interests and Sharing Power: Insights from a Scottish Youth Program

Light Up Learning (LUL) is a youth program in Scotland that supports young people in pursuing their curiosities and exploring their interests in a school-based informal learning setting. This article draws on interview and participant observation data to examine the social organization of teaching and learning activity within LUL. As a school-based program focused on supporting youth in pursuing their interests through the cultivation of a caring adult–youth relationship, LUL offers an empirical case that brings together insights from youth development and interest-driven learning research. Examination into the verbal and material interactions that shape adult–youth interactions yields insight into how to challenge normatively hierarchical power dynamics between teachers and learners toward the instantiation of a more relational pedagogy. By employing the pedagogic moves of continually foregrounding youths’ interests, honoring youth expertise, and making space for youth’s ideas, LUL youth workers created an environment within a school setting where youth felt both free and supported to learn through deeply and widely pursuing their interests

340B Program Utilization in Rural US Clinics

Introduction: The 340B program was an effective strategy in reaching more potential patients, providing more comprehensive services, and limiting the gap between affordability and healthcare. The uninsured and underprivileged often are unable to receive medications at the high market price due to the financial situation they face and inflation. The 340B program seeked to mend this issue to help the public and healthcare organizations. The main purpose of this research was to search and evaluate if the 340B program lived up to its purpose of decreasing the cost of medications in rural based clinics. Methodology: The research strategy developed for this qualitative study utilized a mixed methodology of a literature review along with a semi-structured interview with an executive from a rural 340B clinic. Four electronic databases were utilized to form a conclusive analysis. The 21 sources used are referenced for this literature review. Results: The literature review evaluated five studies of the cost and impact of the 340B program in rural locations across the United States. Discussion/conclusion: The 340B program discussed was an effective program in lowering the cost of medications in rural provider based clinics across the United States when utilized

Elektronische Wechselwirkung zwischen aufgedampften Germaniumfilmen und Sauerstoff

Ge films of thicknesses within the p-boundary layer thickness are precipitated under ultra high vacuum conditions, at 77 °K. They are investigated either in the disordered state (before annealing at a higher temperature) or in the ordered state (after annealing). The electric resistance R and the photoelectric work function & are measured before and after the influence of known amounts of oxygen. R is plotted as a function of time and coverage n, Φ as a function of n. Small amounts of oxygen cause R to increase without changing Φ, large amounts result in a succeeding decrease of R and cause Φ to increase by 0.1 to 0.2 V. The results are discussed by means of a band model. At small coverages oxygen acts as an electron donator, at higher coverages as an electron acceptor. © 1963, Walter de Gruyter. All rights reserved

Governance for a Changing Climate: Adapting Boston's Built Environment for Increased Flooding

As this report indicates, implementing CRB is necessary but not sufficient to prepare Boston's built environment for the freshwater and coastal flooding anticipated to result from climate change. Additional steps we must take include reforming existing tools, monitoring and evaluating flood adaptation activities, and establishing governance for district-scale coastal flood protection implementation. This report presents an array of options for moving forward. Over the next year or so, the City and relevant stakeholders will need to come together and decide which, if any, of these options provide the best paths forward for a more resilient city and region.We recommend that the Governor of Massachusetts and the Mayor of Boston establish a joint commission to explore the options and determine a path forward. There is an opportunity for us to learn from the transition to clean energy as we prepare for climate change impacts. We recommend that the legislature take a leadership role in this effort as well, in order to evaluate the different options available to the Commonwealth as we attempt to address this dynamic challenge

Governance for a Changing Climate: Adapting Boston’s Built Environment for Increased Flooding

Climate Change is impacting everything in our society and in our world. The changes we are already experiencing are starting to multiply and accelerate. Determining how to respond to this new reality wisely within the governance and governmental structures that we have built is a complex challenge. Some might argue it is humankind’s greatest test. Given the monumental size of this task, it is difficult to simultaneously address all of the related issues both broadly and deeply. This is the third and final in a series of reports from the Sustainable Solutions Lab that were sponsored by the Boston Green Ribbon Commission with the generous support of the Barr Foundation. The goal of these reports was to build on the work done by the Climate Ready Boston process and explore select topics in more depth. This report takes a deep dive into a single issue: how the structure and tools of the local, regional, and state government can be modified and enhanced to minimize the impacts of climate changed-induced flooding (due to both sea level rise and increased precipitation) on Boston’s built environment. The goal here is to build on the two previous reports and help chart a path forward with both immediate next steps and transformational thinking

Scaffold-Based Multi-Objective Drug Candidate Optimization

In therapeutic design, balancing various physiochemical properties is crucial for molecule development, similar to how Multiparameter Optimization (MPO) evaluates multiple variables to meet a primary goal. While many molecular features can now be predicted using \textit{in silico} methods, aiding early drug development, the vast data generated from high throughput virtual screening challenges the practicality of traditional MPO approaches. Addressing this, we introduce a scaffold focused graph-based Markov chain Monte Carlo framework (ScaMARS) built to generate molecules with optimal properties. This innovative framework is capable of self-training and handling a wider array of properties, sampling different chemical spaces according to the starting scaffold. The benchmark analysis on several properties shows that ScaMARS has a diversity score of 84.6\% and has a much higher success rate of 99.5\% compared to conditional models. The integration of new features into MPO significantly enhances its adaptability and effectiveness in therapeutic design, facilitating the discovery of candidates that efficiently optimize multiple properties

Störung der Interleukin-8-Expression nasaler Epithelzellen bei Granulomatose mit Polyangiitis (ehemals Wegenersche Granulomatose)

Die Granulomatose mit Polyangiitis (GPA), ehemals Wegenersche Granulomatose, ist eine komplexe Autoimmunerkrankung der Gruppe der ANCA-assoziierten primären Vaskulitiden. Charakteristisch für die GPA sind chronische nekrotisierende Gefäßwandentzündungen vorwiegend der kleinen bis mittelgroßen Gefäße sowie nicht verkäsende Granulome. In 60-90 % der Fälle ist im Krankheitsverlauf die Schleimhaut von Nase und Nasennebenhöhlen betroffen. Diese stellt somit die häufigste anatomische Lokalisation der GPA-Aktivität dar. Größtenteils ungeklärt ist die Ätiologie der GPA. Als relevanter pathogenetischer Prozess wird eine Dysbalance in der Entzündungsantwort auf mikrobielle Reize diskutiert. Als wichtigstes chemotaktisches Zytokin für neutrophile Granulozyten kommt Interleukin-8 ein besonderer Stellenwert in der Abwehrreaktion gegen mikrobielle Pathogene zu. Interleukin-8 wird von nasalen Epithelzellen in mehrfach höherer Konzentration als alle anderen Zytokine exprimiert und ist darüber hinaus in entscheidender Weise an der Pathogenese der GPA beteiligt. Um die funktionell gestörte nasale Barriere bei GPA-Patienten weitergehend zu untersuchen, wurde in der vorliegenden Studie erstmals das lokale Interleukin-8-Expressionsmusters des Nasenepithels in Bezug auf Prozesse der antimikrobiellen Immunabwehr bei der GPA erforscht. Zunächst erfolgte die Quantifizierung der basalen Interleukin-8-Expression primärer nasaler Epithelzellkulturen von GPA-Patienten im Vergleich zu Normalkontrollen auf Proteinebene. Darüber hinaus wurde untersucht, welchen Einfluss Staphylococcus (S.) aureus als potenter mikrobieller Trigger der GPA-Aktivität auf die Interleukin-8-Sekretion der nasalen Mikroumgebung ausübt. Die Untersuchungen zeigten eine hoch signifikant verminderte basale Interleukin-8-Sekretion des nasalen Epithels bei GPA-Patienten. Ein Zusammenhang zu endonasaler Krankheitsaktivität und immunmodulierender Medikation mit Prednisolon wurde nicht nachgewiesen. Auf Stimulation mit mechanisch lysiertem S. aureus wurde keine quantitative Veränderung der Interleukin-8-Sekretion festgestellt. Die gestörte Interleukin-8-Regulation auf lokaler Ebene kann eine veränderte Zusammensetzung des mikrobiellen Besiedlungsspektrums der Nasenschleimhaut begünstigen, und eine Dysbalance der inflammatorischen Antwort auf mikrobielle Reize fördern. Weitere Untersuchungen sind notwendig, um die pathophysiologische Bedeutung dieser Aspekte besser zu verstehen, und so die Basis für zukünftige therapeutische Ansätze auszubauen

Condominium Litigation

In this article, the authors examine and analyze recent judicial and legislative developments in the growing field of condominium litigation. In particular, the authors undertake a comprehensive examination of the documents associated with condominium ownership to ascertain the specific rights and liabilities incorporated therein

Políticas públicas saudáveis no município de Lauro Muller – SC: uma análise territorial

Projeto de dissertação submetido para aprovação no exame de qualificação do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva (Mestrado Profissional) da Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense.O estilo de vida se caracteriza por hábitos ou comportamentos adquiridos que podem ou não levar a doenças, compreendendo estes comportamentos e hábitos entende-se melhor os fatores de risco e pode-se estar contribuindo para a diminuição de enfermidades e principalmente para efetivação da Promoção da Saúde. O objeto da pesquisa foi avaliar as políticas públicas saudáveis do município de Lauro Muller. A população do estudo constitui-se por 639 moradores da cidade de Lauro Muller de ambos os sexos. O presente estudo consiste em uma análise transversal de abordagem quantitativa. De acordo como o instrumento que avalia a mobilidade ativa em ambiente, o estudo apresentou que o município de Lauro Muller não dispõe de ambientes favoráveis para o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas saudáveis, no entanto a iniciativa para a criação de ações comunitárias, apresentou escore positivo de 76,3% na promoção de ações a favor da saúde e nos aspectos de avaliação da qualidade de vida, os resultados apontaram que a população possui boa capacidade funcional (74,7%), o índice para limitações físicas foi de 72,2% e a percepção do estado geral de saúde apresentou baixo índice com média de 53,6%. O estudo sugere que apesar de haver ações de promoção de saúde, estas não influenciam na melhora de saúde da população e que o município não dispõe de ambientes propícios para a mudança de comportamento dos moradores além de não possuir habilidades pessoais na adoção de hábitos saudáveis