NDT Controlled Production in Steel Industry

In this paper we present Nondestructive Testing (NDT) systems and instruments used in steel industry for the quality control of production processes. We real-time multi-channel ultrasonic inspection systems with advanced array transducers for the inspection of bars and other semi-finished parts. The equipment is designed for fast inspection in the production flow. For the control of heavy parts we discuss mobile high energy Betatron radio-graphy that can be upgraded to tomography. The control of special processes like surface hardening can also be performed nondestructively based on the evaluation of ultrasonic backscattering. Thermoelectric phenomena are applied for sorting of mixed-up metal parts

Non-destructive X-Ray testing of complex mechanisms and devices

X-ray tomography becomes a wide-spread non-destructive testing method. Flexibility of the reconstruction algorithms makes possible to apply 3D tomographic analysis to complex mechanisms and systems and detect defects of different types. For instance, this opportunity allows to solve geometrical problem, when the size of the investigating sample exceeding dimensions of the setup. This paper proposes to use non-standard geometry of tomographic scanning and backprojection algorithm optimized for this case to solve previously mentioned problem. Producing and assembling of complex space systems and mechanics requires the testing procedure at each step of the technological process: for separate parts of mechanism as well as for assembled system or device. Presented approach prospectively fits for this task

Non-destructive X-Ray testing of complex mechanisms and devices

X-ray tomography becomes a wide-spread non-destructive testing method. Flexibility of the reconstruction algorithms makes possible to apply 3D tomographic analysis to complex mechanisms and systems and detect defects of different types. For instance, this opportunity allows to solve geometrical problem, when the size of the investigating sample exceeding dimensions of the setup. This paper proposes to use non-standard geometry of tomographic scanning and backprojection algorithm optimized for this case to solve previously mentioned problem. Producing and assembling of complex space systems and mechanics requires the testing procedure at each step of the technological process: for separate parts of mechanism as well as for assembled system or device. Presented approach prospectively fits for this task

Comparison of Fatal or Irreversible Events With Extended-Duration Betrixaban Versus Standard Dose Enoxaparin in Acutely III Medical Patients: An APEX Trial Substudy

BACKGROUND: Extended-duration betrixaban showed a significant reduction in venous thromboembolism in the APEX trial (Acute Medically Ill VTE Prevention With Extended Duration Betrixaban Study). Given the variable clinical impact of different efficacy and safety events, one approach to assess net clinical outcomes is to include only those events that are either fatal or cause irreversible harm. METHODS AND RESULTS: This was a post hoc analysis of the APEX trial-a multicenter, double-blind, randomized controlled trial comparing extended-duration betrixaban versus standard-of-care enoxaparin. A composite of all fatal or irreversible safety (fatal bleeding or intracranial hemorrhage) and efficacy events (cardiopulmonary death, myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, and ischemic stroke) was evaluated in a time-to-first event analysis. In patients with positive D-dimer results, betrixaban reduced fatal or irreversible events at 35 to 42 days (4.80% versus 3.54%; hazard ratio, 0.73; absolute risk reduction, 1.26%; number needed to treat, 79 [P=0.033]) and at study end at 77 days (6.27% versus 4.36%; hazard ratio, 0.70; absolute risk reduction, 1.91%; number needed to treat, 52 [P=0.005]) versus enoxaparin. In all patients, betrixaban reduced fatal or irreversible events at 35 to 42 days (4.08% versus 2.90%; hazard ratio, 0.71; absolute risk reduction, 1.18%; number needed to treat, 86 [P=0.006]) and 77 days (5.17% versus 3.64%; hazard ratio, 0.70; absolute risk reduction, 1.53%; number needed to treat, 65 [P=0.002]). CONCLUSIONS: Among hospitalized medically ill patients, extended-duration betrixaban demonstrated an ≈30% reduction in fatal or irreversible ischemic or bleeding events compared with standard-duration enoxaparin. A total of 65 patients would require treatment with betrixaban to prevent 1 fatal or irreversible event versus enoxaparin. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: URL: http://www.ClinicalTrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01583218.status: publishe