154 research outputs found
Soliton physics with semiconductor exciton–polaritons in confined systems
In the past decade, there has been a significant progress in the study of non-linear
polariton phenomena in semiconductor microcavities. One of the key features of nonlinear
systems is the emergence of solitons. The complexity and the inherently strong
nonlinearity of the polariton system made it a perfect sandpit for observing solitonic
effects in half-light half-matter environment. This review focuses on the theory and the
latest experimental elucidating physics as well as potential applications of conservative
and dissipative solitons in exciton–polariton systems
Nonlinear dynamics of polariton scattering in semiconductor microcavity: bistability vs stimulated scattering
We demonstrate experimentally an unusual behavior of the parametric polariton
scattering in semiconductor microcavity under a strong cw resonant excitation.
The maximum of the scattered signal above the threshold of stimulated
parametric scattering does not shift along the microcavity lower polariton
branch with the change of pump detuning or angle of incidence but is stuck
around the normal direction. We show theoretically that such a behavior can be
modelled numerically by a system of Maxwell and nonlinear Schroedinger
equations for cavity polaritons and explained via the competition between the
bistability of a driven nonlinear MC polariton and the instabilities of
parametric polariton-polariton scattering.Comment: 5 pages, 4 Postscript figures; corrected typo
Vortices in resonant polariton condensates in semiconductor microcavities
Covering general theoretical concepts and the research to date, this book demonstrates that Bose-Einstein condensation is a truly universal phenomenon
Full Stark control of polariton states on a spin-orbit hypersphere
The orbital angular momentum and the polarization of light are physical quantities widely investigated for classical and quantum information processing. In this work we propose to take advantage of strong light-matter coupling, circular-symmetric confinement, and transverse-electric transverse-magnetic splitting to exploit states where these two degrees of freedom are combined. To this end we develop a model based on a spin-orbit Poincaré hypersphere. Then we consider the example of semiconductor polariton systems and demonstrate full ultrafast Stark control of spin-orbit states. Moreover, by controlling states on three different spin-orbit spheres and switching from one sphere to another we demonstrate the control of different logic bits within one single physical system
Effect of weak magnetic field on polariton-electron scattering in semiconductor microcavities
We theoretically calculate the polariton linewidth associated with the
polariton-electron scattering in a microcavity in presence of a magnetic field
perpendicular to the microcavity plane. It is shown that the polariton
linewidth oscillates as a function of the magnetic field magnitude and the
polariton-electron scattering rate can be not only decreased but also increased
by the magnetic field. The possible applications of such an effect are
discussed.Comment: LaTex, 6 pages, 3 figure
Nonlinear Quantum Optics with Trion Polaritons in 2D Monolayers: Conventional and Unconventional Photon Blockade
This is the final version. Available from the American Physical Society via the DOI in this recordWe study a 2D system of trion-polaritons at the quantum level and demonstrate that for monolayer semiconductors they can exhibit a strongly nonlinear optical response. The effect is due to the composite nature of trion-based excitations resulting in their nontrivial quantum statistical properties, and enhanced phase space filling effects. We present the full quantum theory to describe the statistics of trion-polaritons, and demonstrate that the associated nonlinearity persists at the level of few quanta, where two qualitatively different regimes of photon antibunching are present for weak and strong single photon-trion coupling. We find that single photon emission from trion-polaritons becomes experimentally feasible in state-of-the-art transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) setups. This can foster the development of quantum polaritonics using 2D monolayers as a material platform.Government of the Russian FederationITMO Fellowship and Professorship ProgramRussian Science FoundationEngineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC
Minimal shedding of the glycocalyx layer during abdominal hysterectomy
Funding Information: This project was funded by the Stockholm City Council, the Kleberg Foundation and Riga Stradins University. Publisher Copyright: © 2017 The Author(s).Background: Surgery with and without hypervolaemia may cause shedding (breakdown) of the endothelial glycocalyx layer, but the severity of this problem is unclear. Methods: In this preliminary report of a larger clinical trial, the plasma and urine concentrations of three biomarkers of glycocalyx shedding (syndecan-1, hyaluronic acid and heparan sulfate) were measured in seven patients before, during, and after open hysterectomy. The fluid therapy consisted of 25ml/kg (approximately 2l) of Ringer's lactate, which was infused over 30min when the surgery started. The resulting plasma volume expansion at the end of the infusion was estimated from the haemodilution. Results: The mean plasma concentration of syndecan-1 was 21.7ng/ml before surgery and averaged 19.7ng/ml during and after the surgery. The plasma concentration of hyaluronic acid decreased from 38.0 to 27.7ng/ml (P<0.05), while heparan sulfate increased from 3.4 to 5.5μg/ml (P<0.05). The urine concentrations of syndecan-1 decreased significantly, while they increased for hyaluronic acid and heparan sulfate. Despite the vigorous fluid load, the urine flow did not exceed 1ml/min. Conclusions: No clear evidence was found for shedding of the endothelial glycocalyx layer when 2l of Ringer's lactate was infused over 30min during abdominal hysterectomy. Urine analyses yielded patterns of changes that differed from those in plasma. Trial registration:ISRCTN81005631. Registered May 17, 2016.publishersversionPeer reviewe
Polarization bistability and resultant spin rings in semiconductor microcavities
The transmission of a pump laser resonant with the lower polariton branch of
a semiconductor microcavity is shown to be highly dependent on the degree of
circular polarization of the pump. Spin dependent anisotropy of
polariton-polariton interactions allows the internal polarization to be
controlled by varying the pump power. The formation of spatial patterns, spin
rings with high degree of circular polarization, arising as a result of
polarization bistability, is observed. A phenomenological model based on spin
dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equations provides a good description of the
experimental results. Inclusion of interactions with the incoherent exciton
reservoir, which provides spin-independent blueshifts of the polariton modes,
is found to be essential.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
GaAs Microcavity Exciton-Polaritons in a Trap
We present a simple method to create an in-plane lateral potential in a
semiconductor microcavity using a metal thin-film. Two types of potential are
produced: a circular aperture and a one-dimensional (1D) periodic grating
pattern. The amplitude of the potential induced by a 24 nm-6 nm Au/Ti film is
on the order of a few hundreds of ueV measured at 6 ~ 8 K. Since the metal
layer makes the electromagnetic fields to be close to zero at the
metal-semiconductor interface, the photon mode is confined more inside of the
cavity. As a consequence, the effective cavity length is reduced under the
metal film, and the corresponding cavity resonance is blue-shifted. Our
experimental results are in a good agreement with theoretical estimates. In
addition, by applying a DC electric voltage to the metal film, we are able to
modify the quantum well exciton mode due to the quantum confined Stark effect,
inducing a ~ 1 meV potential at ~ 20 kV/cm. Our method produces a controllable
in-plane spatial trap potential for lower exciton-polaritons (LPs), which can
be a building block towards 1D arrays and 2D lattices of LP condensates.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure
- …