87 research outputs found
INTRA-OCEANIC ARCS OF THE PALEO-ASIAN OCEAN
Intra-oceanic arcs (IOAs) form at Pacific-type convergent margins, in the upper βstableβ plate, when the subducting plate submerges to the depths of melting, i.e., to ca. 50β100 km. A typical IOA system, such as Mariana-Bonin and the Philippines Sea, consists of subduction zone, fore-arc region with accretionary prism, frontal or active arc, marginal basin with spreading center, and, in some cases, one or more remnant arcs and inactive marginal basin. The IOAs are very important elements of Pacific-type convergent margins as they represent major sites of juvenile continental crust formation (e.g. [Clift et al., 2003; Stern, 2010; Maruyama et al., 2011]), but are also the most important sites of crust removal by sediment subduction and tectonic/ subduction erosion [Stern, Scholl, 2010].Intra-oceanic arcs (IOAs) form at Pacific-type convergent margins, in the upper βstableβ plate, when the subducting plate submerges to the depths of melting, i.e., to ca. 50β100 km. A typical IOA system, such as Mariana-Bonin and the Philippines Sea, consists of subduction zone, fore-arc region with accretionary prism, frontal or active arc, marginal basin with spreading center, and, in some cases, one or more remnant arcs and inactive marginal basin. The IOAs are very important elements of Pacific-type convergent margins as they represent major sites of juvenile continental crust formation (e.g. [Clift et al., 2003; Stern, 2010; Maruyama et al., 2011]), but are also the most important sites of crust removal by sediment subduction and tectonic/ subduction erosion [Stern, Scholl, 2010]
Plastics: physical-and-mechanical properties and biodegradable potential
Introduction. Processing agricultural waste into plant biodegradable plastics is a promising way for its recycling. This work featured the main physical-and-mechanical properties of plant plastics without adhesive substances obtained from millet husk and wheat husk and wood plastic obtained from sawdust, as well as their biodegradation potential. Study objects and methods. Objects of the study were plastics without adhesives based on wood sawdust, millet husk, and wheat husk. Results and discussion. We analyzed of the physical-and-mechanical parameters of the plant plastic based on millet husk, wheat husk, as well as wood plastic based on sawdust. The analysis showed that, in general, the sbeiigth characteristics of the wood plastics were higher than those of the plastics based on millet husk, especially flexural strength. Thus, the average value of the density of the wood plastic exceeded that of the plant plastic from millet husk by 10%, hardness by 40%, compression elasticity modulus by 50%, and flexural modulus by 3.9 times. It was found that wood and plant plastics obtained from sawdust, millet husk, and wheat husk without adhesives had a high biodegradation potential. Conclusion. The plastics obtained can be used as an insulating, building, and decorative material in the steppe regions experiencing a shortage of wood and wood powder
Size effects in chlorine doped PbSe thin films
The possibility of obtaining strongly degenerate (β 3Β·10Β²β° Ρmβ»Β³) PbSe thin films (d = 5 β 220 nm) with n-type conductivity by thermal evaporation in vacuum of PbSe crystals doped with PbClβ, with subsequent condensation onto (001) KCl substrates was established. It was shown that the films had high homogeneity degree, no grain structure was observed. The thickness dependences of thermoelectric properties (the Seebeck coefficient S, the Hall coefficient RH and the electric conductivity Ο) of thin films were obtained. In the thickness range d β 5 Γ· 30 nm, oscillation properties were observed with growth of d that are attributable to electron gas quantization. The calculation of S(d) dependence on the assumption of size quantization with regard to contribution of several subbands and the thickness dependence of the Fermi energy was shown to be in agreement with the experimental data. In the region of d > 30 nm there was growth of S and Ο with thickness, which is attributable to manifestation of classical size effect and interpreted in the framework of Fuchs-Sondheimer and Mayer theories
Environmental dynamics of the Baraba forest-steppe (Siberia) over the last 8000 years and their impact on the types of economic life of the population
Β© 2017 Elsevier LtdThis article offers a reconstruction of the vegetation and climate of the south-western Siberian Baraba forest-steppe area during the last ca. 8000 years. The analysis of palynological data from the sediment core of Lake Bolshie Toroki using quantitative methods has made it possible to reconstruct changes of the dominant types of vegetation and mean July air temperatures. Coniferous forests grew in the vicinity of the lake, and mean July air temperatures were similar to present-day ones between 7.9 and 7.0Β kyr BP. The warmest and driest climate occurred at 7.0β5.0Β kyr BP. At that time, the region had open steppe landscapes; birch groves began to spread. A cooling trend is seen after 5.5Β kyr BP, when forest-steppe began to emerge. Steppe communities started to dominate again after 1.5Β kyr BP. Mean July air temperatures lower than now are reconstructed for the period of 1.9β1Β kyr BP, and then the temperatures became similar to present-day ones. Comparing the archaeological data on the types of economy of the population which inhabited the Baraba forest-steppe with the data on changes in the natural environment revealed a connection between the gradual transition from hunting and fishing to livestock breeding and the development of forest-steppe landscapes with a decrease in the area covered by forests. The development of the forest-steppe as an ecotonic landscape starting around 5Β kyr BP might have contributed to the coexistence of several archaeological cultures with different types of economy on the same territory
Environmental dynamics of the Baraba forest-steppe over the last 8000 years and their impact on the types of economic life of the population
This article offers a reconstruction of the vegetation and climate of the south-western Siberian Baraba forest-steppe area during the last ca. 8000 years. The analysis of palynological data from the sediment core of Lake Bolshie Toroki using quantitative methods has made it possible to reconstruct changes of the dominant types of vegetation and mean July air temperatures. Coniferous forests grew in the vicinity of the lake, and mean July air temperatures were similar to present-day ones between 7.9 and 7.0 kyr BP. The warmest and driest climate occurred at 7.0e5.0 kyr BP. At that time, the region had open steppe landscapes; birch groves began to spread. A cooling trend is seen after 5.5 kyr BP, when forest-steppe began to emerge. Steppe communities started to dominate again after 1.5 kyr BP. Mean July air temperatures lower than now are reconstructed for the period of 1.9e1 kyr BP, and then the temperatures became similar to present-day ones. Comparing the archaeological data on the types of economy of the population which inhabited the Baraba forest-steppe with the data on changes in the natural environment revealed a connection between the gradual transition from hunting and fishing to livestock breeding and the development of forest-steppe landscapes with a decrease in the area covered by forests. The development of the forest-steppe as an ecotonic landscape starting around 5 kyr BP might have contributed to the coexistence of several archaeological cultures with different types of economy on the same territory
Energy-efficient technologies in the educational programs of the architectural higher education schools
The world trends in modern construction correspond to the ecological, rational design, according to "green" standards and applications of the building information modeling β BIM. Herein, we give a short review and some examples of Green, BIM technologies, in different countries. For more effective implementation of "green" building, it is necessary to introduce corresponding thematic in the higher education. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the articles, we described the competencies that a University Graduate must possess, for successful implementation in the industry AEC. Despite the absence of common methods, we developed a practice-oriented approach for teaching students Green BIM technologies and here integration these technologies into the educational process is considered. Some projects of energy-efficient objects, created by students of University of Architecture and Art, meeting requirements of "green" standards, are presented. Β© 2020, Budapest Tech Polytechnical Institution. All rights reserved
ΠΠ»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π° ΡΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ±Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
The article describes algorithm that allows determining scrambler type based on the signal from its output. The task of this kind is relevant for radio monitoring systems and when creating cognitive systems for digital signal receiving and processing. The identification algorithm determines the form of the scrambler both multiplicative and additive. There are no published papers providing algorithm for automatic determination of scrambler type. This article is intended to partly fill the gap. It provides a form al statement of the problem, an identification algorithm and simulation results.Β Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠ° ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π° ΡΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ±Π»Π΅ΡΠ°, ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π΅, Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»Π° Ρ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π°. ΠΠ°Π΄Π°ΡΠ° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»Π°. ΠΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½Ρ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π°Π΄Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ±Π»Π΅ΡΠ° [1]-[4]. ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΡΡ Π±Ρ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΒΠ½ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π° ΡΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ±Π»Π΅ΡΠ°, Π½Π΅Ρ. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π²Π°Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π». ΠΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌ, ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ, ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ.
Biodegradation of acetyl cellulose etrols
This work aimed to study the biodegradation dynamics of plasticized cellulose acetate samples (etrols) with different content of plasticizers. Isophthalic acid dimethyl ester and orthophosphoric acid tributyl ester were used as plasticizers. The targets of the study also included assessing the effect of the plasticizers' content on the degradation rate. The biodegradability of plasticized cellulose acetate samples was assessed by measuring the weight loss after exposure to active soil. For the experiment, an active soil of the following composition was prepared: garden soil - 89 vol. %, distilled water - 10 vol. %, microbiological preparation "Tamir"- 1 vol. %. All etrols samples showed a tendency to decomposition in active soil. The rate of sample degradation varied significantly. The highest degradation rate in active soil was shown by a sample containing 16 wt. % tributyl phosphate and 22 wt. % dimethyl isophthalate, as good as ertols sample containing 8 wt. % tributyl phosphate and 14 wt. % dimethyl isophthalate. The expected decomposition time of these samples in the active soil for 90% is 599 and 732 days, respectively. Changing of dimethyl isophthalate content did not affect the degradation rate. Withal the content of tributyl phosphate in the etrols induced a significant effect on the samples' weight loss. The consequence of the plasticizers' content on the weight loss rate for 145 days of exposure in the active soil is described by the equation y=-4.76+1.25β’Z 1+1.49β’Z2-0.04β’Z 12-0.086β’Z22+0.000141 where Z1 is the content of dimethyl isophthalate, Z2 is the content of tributyl phosphate. Β© Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd
Uranium and thorium records in the Holocene high-resolution sediments from Borsog Bay in Lake Hovsgol, Mongolia
[η η©Άε ±ε
Π Π°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ: Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ: ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ
The majority of modern biomedical research is aimed at personifying the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. An individual approach can be implemented using radiomics β the latest radiation diagnostics associated with the extraction of a large number (from hundreds to several thousand) of additional quantitative indicators from medical images using specialized software. The method is actively used in oncology to identify radiochemoresistant tumor zones, as well as non-invasive determination of the phenotype and genotype of the neoplasm. At the same time, the prospects for the application and clinical significance of this approach in cardiology have not yet been determined and have been the subject of active research in recent years. In this regard, the purpose of this review was to collect information from available databases and assess the degree of knowledge of the problem of radiomic analysis of heart images using various radiation modalities, as well as to determine the prospects for using this approach in clinical practice.ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Π Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ β Π½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΉΡΠ΅Π΅ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Ρ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° (ΠΎΡ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ Π΄ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΡΡ) Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎ-Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π·ΠΎΠ½ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠ° ΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠ° Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. Π ΡΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΡΡ ΡΠ±ΠΎΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ· Π΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ½ΡΡ
Π±Π°Π· Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ² ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅
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