Dialectics of Efficient Change Management in the Regional Social Systems

The research has placed emphasis on the role of the social infrastructure sectors, providing social services, which facilitate human potential development in a modern state. Theoretical positions of the scientist considering the nature of social benefits and necessity of the government support for the social sphere has been summarized in the article. The state of the Russian social infrastructure sectors has been considered and the analysis of their performance compared to these of the social infrastructure sectors in other countries has been conducted in the research work. Taking into consideration the performance ratings of the effectiveness of the national education systems, the countries around the world concerning the effectiveness of the health system, the countries around the world concerning the social development level in 2014, the authors have proposed the conceptual approach that makes it possible to consider the correlation and interrelation of the level of the government financing of the social sphere and the dynamics of the contribution of social infrastructure sectors in the development of the human capital, ensuring the gross domestic product increase. The necessity of making innovative changes in the socio-economic systems of the social infrastructure sectors, to improve their performance, taking into account the results obtained, in the first place, in health care, has been wellgrounded and theoretical approaches to the changes management in the socio-economic systems has been studied in the article. The theoretical approaches to the changes management in the socio-economic systems have been studied by the authors. Based on the conducted studies and the formed theoretical basis for improving the level of changes management in open socio-economic systems, for the purpose of development of the theoretical and methodological approaches to changes management as applied to health care sphere, optimization model of management of health care organizations by way of ranking of manageable and unmanageable changes has been proposed. The possibility of using management optimization by way of ranking of manageable and unmanageable changes in the health care management at different levels has been confirmed with high-performance indicators at the micro-, meso- and macro levels in the sector, by the example of implementation of the national project “Health” and innovative organizational changes facilitating the return to work of patients of the working age, which are involved in the gross domestic product formation in the city of Yekaterinburg.The article has been prepared with the support of the Russian Science Foundation grant No. 14-18-00456 “Support of geoecosocioeconomic approach to development of strategic nature resources capacity of the low-studied northern territories within the investment project “Arctic — Central Asia”

The elastic electron-deuteron scattering beyond one-photon exchange

We discuss the elastic ed scattering beyond Born approximation. It is shown that the reaction amplitude contains six generalized form factors, but only three linearly independent combinations of them (we call them generalized charge, quadrupole and magnetic form factors) contribute to the reaction cross section in the second order perturbation theory. We examine two-photon exchange and find that it includes two types of diagrams, when two virtual photons interact with the same nucleon and when the photons interact with different nucleons. Estimations based on nonrelativistic calculations with the deuteron wave function for realistic NN potential show that the main contribution to the generalized charge, quadrupole and magnetic form factors comes from diagrams of the first type.Comment: v2, published version in PR

Impurity-induced moments in underdoped cuprates

We examine the effect of a nonmagnetic impurity in a two-dimensional spin liquid in the spin-gap phase, employing a drone-fermion representation of spin-1/2 operators. The properties of the local moment induced in the vicinity of the impurity are investigated and an expression for the nuclear-magnetic- resonance Knight shift is derived, which we compare with experimental results. Introducing a second impurity into the spin liquid an antiferromagnetic interaction between the moments is found when the two impurities are located on different sublattices. The presence of many impurities leads to a screening of this interaction as is shown by means of a coherent-potential approximation. Further, the Kondo screening of an impurity-induced local spin by charge carriers is discussed.Comment: 8 pages, 1 figure. To be published in Phys. Rev. B, Vol. 56, No. 1

High-Performance Alkali-Activated Cement Concretes for Marine Engineering Applications

The contribution covers results of studies on the alkali-activated cement concretes intended for marine engineering applications. Such properties as strength, wear, corrosion, freeze-thaw, weather resistance and many others have been studied, and the results are reported and discussed in detail. The obtained results suggested to draw a conclusion on high potential of the alkali-activated cement concretes for marine engineering applications, since in their performance properties these concretes are highly advantageous over other concretes used as marine concretes and big savings can be expected in the future due to the longer span of service life. The results are supported by long-term observations in real conditions. The above advantages are attributed to more perfect micro- and macrostructure of the alkali-activated cement stone. The authors have summarized their own experience and results collected by PhD and DSc students under their supervision dedicated to assessment of durability of these concretes, in particular, for marine engineering applications. In order to bring these advanced materials into practice of construction worldwide, two rilem (International Union of Laboratories and Experts in Construction Materials, Systems and Structures) committees have been founded: “Alkali-activated Materials” (2010–2013) and “Durability Testing of Alkali Activated Materials” (2013–ongoing)

Role of rotational symmetry in the magnetism of a multiorbital model

Effect of rotationally invariant Hund's rule coupling on a magnetism of multiorbital Hubbard models is studied within a dynamical mean-field theory framework. Comparison of static magnetic susceptibilities and local densities of states of two- and three-orbital models of a complete rotationally invariant Coulomb interaction and a "density-density" Hartree type interaction shows the different role of spin-flip interactions for different band fillings. In the particle-hole symmetric case, the Mott-Hubbard physics dominates due to the strong effective Coulomb interaction, while for the multiple electronic configurations away from half-filling (two electrons in the three-band model) the formation of local magnetic moments due to Hund's exchange interaction becomes the most significant effect for itinerant magnetic systems. A shift of the temperature of magnetic ordering due to the rotationally invariant Hund's rule coupling is found to be the largest in a three-orbital model with a two-electron occupancy where the single particle spectrum is metallic and is not sensitive to different forms of the Coulomb vertex. A larger enhancement of the effective mass in a model with a rotationally invariant interaction is discussed. In the half-filled case we find a drastic change in the density of states close to the Mott transition which is related to the spin-flip Kondo fluctuations in a degenerate orbital case, while the corresponding shift of the magnetic transition temperature is relatively small. It is shown that a change in the ground-state degeneracy due to a different symmetry of the Coulomb interaction in the density-density model leads to a breakdown of the quasiparticle peak at the Fermi level in the proximity of a Mott transition on the metallic side. We discuss the relevance of rotationally invariant Hund's interaction in the transition metal magnetism. © 2012 American Physical Society

Electronic spectrum in high-temperature cuprate superconductors

A microscopic theory for electronic spectrum of the CuO2 plane within an effective p-d Hubbard model is proposed. Dyson equation for the single-electron Green function in terms of the Hubbard operators is derived which is solved self-consistently for the self-energy evaluated in the noncrossing approximation. Electron scattering on spin fluctuations induced by kinematic interaction is described by a dynamical spin susceptibility with a continuous spectrum. Doping and temperature dependence of electron dispersions, spectral functions, the Fermi surface and the coupling constant are studied in the hole doped case. At low doping, an arc-type Fermi surface and a pseudogap in the spectral function are observed.Comment: 13 pages (revtex), 18 figures, to be published in JET

Import Substitution as a Stabilisation Tool for the Socioeconomic Development of Regions

In recent years, the Russian Federation has been actively implementing an import substitution policy. While this particular issue is the topic of various academic studies, there is a lack of research focussing on the quantitative assessment of import substitution. Such an approach allows assessing the effectiveness of the state policy at different levels. Additionally, it provides an opportunity to identify tools for improving the effectiveness of the import substitution. Using examples of Russia and the Ural Federal District (UrFD), the study considers import substitution as an opportunity to stabilise the socio-economic development. We hypothesise that, primarily, the most important competitive advantage of the country is a developed high-tech industry. This assumption requires an immediate activation of import substitution processes and the development of a methodology for assessing its effectiveness. We used the concepts of system economy, sustainable development, innovative development, as well as the methods of comparative, factor, structural analysis, statistical modelling and forecasting methods. Our approach to assessing the effective import substitution includes a developed dynamic import substitution coefficient; its standard value is equal to 1. At the macro-level, this coefficient changes depending on the current import substitution policy. For example, in 2015 — 2016, the coefficient had increased sharply and then decreased below the standard value by 20 %. We have predicted that at the macro-level the dynamic coefficient of import substitution will stabilise after 2019. The example of the Ural Federal District demonstrates that the reverse situation occurs at the meso-level. The calculations show that the region still adheres to the economic model based on the sales of raw materials. The distribution of UrFD enterprises by sales and profitability of operating activities confirms this statement. The largest enterprises in the region (by sales) belong to the oil and gas industry. We propose measures to support industrial policy and production aimed at import substitution. These measures include regulatory, infrastructure, financial, and marketing aspects. The obtained results can be applied in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.Политика импортозамещения, в последние годы проводимая в РФ, активно освещается во многих современных научных работах, однако в отечественной и зарубежной литературе недостаточно исследований, посвященных количественной оценке данного явления. Такая оценка позволяет определить эффективность проводимой государственной политики на разных уровнях и предоставляет возможность выделить инструменты, повышающие эффективность импортозамещения. Целью исследования является рассмотрение импортозамещения как возможности для стабилизации социально-экономического развития на примере России и Уральского федерального округа в современных условиях. В качестве важнейшего конкурентного преимущества страны на современном этапе, по мнению авторов, целесообразно рассматривать, в первую очередь, развитую высокотехнологичную промышленность, что требует незамедлительной активизации процессов импортозамещения и разработки оценки его эффективности. Исследование проведено с использованием концепций системной экономики, устойчивого развития, инновационного развития, методов: сравнительного, факторного, структурного анализа, статистических методов моделирования и прогнозирования. Авторский подход к оценке эффективного импортозамещения включает разработанный динамический коэффициент импортозамещения, нормативное значение которого принимается равным единице. Показана реакция данного коэффициента на макроуровне на проводимую политику импортозамещения, отмечается его резкий рост в 2015–2016 гг. с последующим снижением ниже нормативных значений на 20 %. Спрогнозирована стабилизация динамического коэффициента импортозамещения после 2019 г. на макроуровне. Обратная ситуация возникает на мезоуровне (на примере УрФО), расчеты показывают, что региону не удалось выйти из модели экономики, основанной на продаже сырья. Данное положение подтверждается распределением предприятий УрФО по объему реализации и рентабельности операционной деятельности. К нефтегазовой отрасли относятся все крупнейшие по объему реализации предприятия региона. Для разработки дорожных карт предложены мероприятия для поддержки промышленной политики и производств, ориентированных на импортозамещение, включающие в себя нормативный, инфраструктурный, финансовый и маркетинговый аспекты. Результаты работы могут быть применены на уровне субъектов РФ.The article has been prepared in accordance with the plan of Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of RAS for 2019 — 2021.Статья выполнена в соответствии с планом НИР ФГБУН Института экономики УрО РАН на 2019–2021 гг

Antibiotic resistance of microflora to drugs in case of conjunctivitis of cats of bacterial origin

Currently, the most common ophthalmic pathology in cats is inflammatory processes. Pathologies are observed frequently and regardless of breed, sex, and age. The causes of the disease are the prevalence of infections affecting the visual analyzer, inadequate care of their pets by the owners, untimely visits to a veterinarian, etc. It is essential to diagnose the cause of inflammation of the ocular mucosa in time, as knowing the etiology of the disease is necessary to prescribe effective treatment, which can lead to complications. Bacteriological tests play an important role, allowing us not only to identify the pathogen but also to determine its sensitivity or resistance to a particular drug, to prescribe effective treatment in time, to reduce the economic costs of treatment, the treatment period, etc. Most of the microorganisms that can be found in the conjunctival sac are non-pathogenic, although some of them are opportunistic. The study was conducted at the VetExpert veterinary center on cats of all ages and sexes with signs of conjunctivitis during 2022–2023. Out of 473 cats examined, cases of eye disease were detected in 105 cats or 22.1 % of the total number of ophthalmopathology cases. According to the results of the research, it was found that conjunctivitis was caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Nonhaemolytic Streptococcus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In treating conjunctivitis of bacterial etiology, topical application of the drug and systemic antibiotic therapy should be prescribed. In treating cats with bacterial conjunctivitis, systemic drugs, and antibiotic therapy should be prescribed. Antibiotics and antibacterial drugs should be prescribed only based on the results of bacteriological examination and antibioticogramа

Comprehensive assessment of the efficiency and sustainability of the regional health care system

Оценка деятельности системы здравоохранения в современных условиях - актуальное направление исследований; труды отечественных ученых показывают отсутствие системного подхода к определению эффективности и устойчивости российского здравоохранения. Зарубежный опыт показывает, что, несмотря на широкомасштабную научную работу, по данным Европейского регионального бюро Всемирной организации здравоохранения, на сегодняшний день разработано недостаточно показателей эффективности работы системы здравоохранения. Рассмотрена многогранность оценки эффективности отрасли, дано определение устойчивости применительно к системе здравоохранения. С использованием метода многомерного сравнительного анализа, метода детерминированного факторного анализа, структурного анализа, метода экспертных оценок, статистических методов моделирования и прогнозирования разработан методический аппарат комплексной оценки эффективности и устойчивости региональной системы здравоохранения. Методический инструментарий включает комплексную оценку относительной эффективности и комплексную оценку относительной устойчивости региональной системы здравоохранения на основе разработанных интегральных показателей. Методический инструментарий апробирован на примере системы здравоохранения Свердловской области в 2017-2018 гг. На интегральные коэффициенты относительной эффективности региональной системы здравоохранения оказывают непосредственное влияние показатели медико-социальной результативности, которые во многом зависят от уровня финансирования и управления отрасли. В то же время показатели относительной эффективности могут быть высокими даже при недостижении нормативного уровня относительной устойчивости. Предложен интегральный коэффициент уровня риска, учитывающий необходимость сохранения устойчивости системы здравоохранения для стабильного функционирования и развития. Построена интерактивная модель, позволяющая определить зону риска и безопасную зону для региональной системы здравоохранения. Разработанный методический инструментарий является универсальным и позволяет объективно оценить уровень эффективности и состояние устойчивости региональной системы здравоохранения. Дальнейшие исследования в области оценки эффективности и устойчивости российского здравоохранения позволят совершенствовать предложенный методический аппарат с точки зрения расширения охвата факторов, влияющих на развитие отрасли.Nowadays, the sustainability of the health care system is a relevant research topic. The works of Russian scientists demonstrate the lack of a systematic approach to determining the efficiency and sustainability of the Russian health care. International experience and the data of the Regional Office for Europe of the World Health Organization (WHO) show that, despite extensive research, efficiency indicators of the health care system have been insufficiently developed. Using the methods of multidimensional comparative analysis, determined factor analysis, structural analysis, expert assessment, statistical modelling and forecasting methods, we developed a methodology for the comprehensive assessment of the efficiency and sustainability of the regional health care system. The methodological toolkit includes the comprehensive assessment of the relative efficiency and relative sustainability of the regional health care system based on the established integral indicators. We tested this methodology on the example of the health care system of Sverdlovsk Oblast in the period 2017-2018. Integral indicators of the relative efficiency are directly influenced by the indicators of medical and social performance, which largely depend on the funding and management of the health care system. Simultaneously, the indicators of the relative efficiency can be high even if the indicators of the relative sustainability did not reach the established threshold. An integral indicator of the risk level considers the need to maintain the sustainability of the health care system for its functioning and development. Further, we constructed an interactive model for determining the risk zone and safe zone of the health care system. Due to its versatility, the proposed methodological toolkit allows an objective assessment of the efficiency and sustainability of the regional health care system.Исследование проведено при поддержке Российского фонда фундаментальных исследований, грант №19–010–00396 «Эффективность системы здравоохранения как фактор устойчивого социально-экономического развития регионов».The article has been prepared with the support of Russian Foundation for Basic Research, the grant No. 19–010–00396 “Effectiveness of health system as a factor of sustainable social and economic development of regions

Impurity-induced spin polarization and NMR line broadening in underdoped cuprates

We present a theory of magnetic (S=1) Ni and nonmagnetic Zn impurities in underdoped cuprates. Both types of impurities are shown to induce S=1/2 moments on Cu sites in the proximity of the impurity, a process which is intimately related to the spin gap phenomenon in cuprates. Below a characteristic Kondo temperature, the Ni spin is partially screened by the Cu moments, resulting in an effective impurity spin S=1/2. We further analyze the Ruderman-Kittel-Kasiya-Yosida-type response of planar Cu spins to a polarization of the effective impurity moments and derive expressions for the corresponding ^{17}O NMR line broadening. The peculiar aspects of recent experimental NMR data can be traced back to different spatial characteristics of Ni and Zn moments as well as to an inherent temperature dependence of local antiferromagnetic correlations.Comment: PRB B1 01June9