Boston keratoprosthesis type 1 - indication, complication and visual outcomes

Background: Diseases affecting the cornea are a major cause of blindness all over the world, second only to cataract in overall importance. In India, there are approximately 6.8 million people who have corneal blindness with vision less than 6/60 in at least one eye, and of these, about 1 million have bilateral corneal blindness.Methods: The study was conducted in upgraded department of ophthalmology, L.L.R.M. Medical College, Meerut, India from January 2014 to June 2015. It was prospective interventional study. Included those patients who have Failed corneal graft with poor prognosis for further grafting, multiple corneal graft failure, having nearly total corneal neovascularization, vision less than 6/60 with associated other complications in better eye and no vision in opposite eye and Healed Chemical burn and those patients who has end stage glaucoma or RD (retinal detachment), defective perceptions and projection of light and not willing for the procedure.Results: A total of 20 patients were enrolled for the study which were followed up and assessed over 12 months. It was observed that maximum number of patients were in the age group of 41-60 years (45%) and in the >60 years group are minimum (20%). Among these 14 cases (70%) were male and 6 cases (30%) were female.Conclusions: The Boston type 1 keratoprosthesis provides visual recovery for eyes with multiple PK failures or with poor prognosis for primary PK, showing excellent retention rates. Most of the cases had a significant improvement in vision after Boston type I KPro implantation

Anti-inflammatory activity of leaves of Michelia champaca investigated on acute inflammation induced rats

Natural products play a significant role in human health in relation to the prevention and treatment of inflammation conditions. Although not fully understood, several action mechanisms are proposed to explain in vivo inflammatory action. The aim of this study was to assay different extracts from leaves of Michelia champaca (Magnoliaceae) on carrageenan induced inflammation rat model. The results were analyzed by One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The ethanolic extract (200 mg/kg) was found to be highly significant (p < 0.0001) with maximum inhibition (60.99 %) at 3 h against to positive control group. The findings conclude that M. champaca leaves extract exhibits an anti-inflammatory activity in pro-inflammatory conditions.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Smart snacks in universities: Possibilities for university vending

Background:The study goal was to evaluate the nutritional impact of a healthy snack intervention on a southern university campus. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted during the fall 2017 semester weekly for 14 weeks in a large southern U.S. university. For the intervention, half of vending snacks in four campus residential halls (housing from 216 to 361 students) were substituted with snacks complying with federal Smart Snacks in School nutrition standards for K-12 schools. For analysis, data from the Nutrition Facts labels of 14 vending machines or from manufacturer\u27s websites was collected by trained graduate and undergraduate researchers. Results: On average, for each Smart Snack sold, there was a statistically significant reduction of 99.38 calories (CI=42.32, 156.43), 4 g saturated fat (CI = 2.23, 5.75), and 10.06 g of sugar (CI=2.92, 17.20). An average reduction of 41.88 mg in sodium and an increase of 0.81g in fiber was also found, but was not statistically significant. There was a significant difference (t(16)= 3.02, P\u3c0.025, 95% CI = 10.77, 55.79) between the Quality Score of Smart Snacks (M=59.13, SD= ± 36.50) and that of non-compliant snacks (M=25.85, SD= ± 24.72). Conclusion: The nutritional impact with even a 50% Smart Snack replacement is promising. Many available comparable snacks mimic the mouthfeel, taste, and appearance of their original full-fat, full-sodium, and full-sugar counterparts. Including healthier snack choices in vending machines may be a viable option for universities to transform the campus eating environment

A prospective clinical study of foetomaternal outcome in relation to amniotic fluid index in pregnant females beyond 36 weeks of gestation at tertiary centre

Background: Amniotic fluid plays a vital role during foetal life. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the foetomaternal outcome in relation to amniotic fluid index in pregnant females beyond 36 weeks of gestation.Methods: This prospective type of study was conducted for one-year duration from May 2018 to May 2019 in 350 pregnant females beyond 36 weeks of gestation with clinically significant abnormal liquor volume. Clinical diagnosis was later on confirmed with ultrasonography and patients were categorized in three categories as patients with Amniotic fluid index (AFI) 5 to 24, AFI or = 25. Complete labour record was made and fetomaternal outcome was assessed.Results: In this study, incidence of oligohydramnios was found to be more than polyhydramnios at term. No significant differences were found in relation to age, parity, religion, residence and booking status in all the study groups. Mostly patients 119 (52%) delivered by caesarean section in oligohydramnios group whereas vaginal delivery was commonly seen in patients with normal AFI (80%) and polyhydramnios (55%). Growth restriction 59 (26%) and malpresentation 18 (8%) were commonly seen with oligohydramnios. In the polyhydramnios group, 14 (35%) babies had malformations whereas only 6 (3%) babies had malformations in patients with oligohydramnios. Significant differences were found in the foetal outcome between the patients with oligohydramnios and polyhydramnios in comparison to patients with normal AFI.Conclusions: In pregnant females with abnormal liquor volume increases the chances of maternal morbidity and perinatal morbidity and mortality

Comparative Cytotoxic Effect Of Methanolic Extract Of Cinnamon Zeylanicum Bark With Commercial Trans Cinnamaldehyde In Animal Cell Culture

A comparison of the cytotoxic effects of methanolic cinnamon extract (MCE) from the bark of Cinnamon zeylanicum L. (Lauraceae) and commercially available cinnamaldehyde was carried out using mouse cell line (C2C12). The bark of Cinnamon zeylanicum was extracted in 50% methanol and trans cinnamaldehyde was procured commercially. Methanolic cinnamon extract (MCE) is highly concentrated as a result showing 50% cell cytotoxicity to C2C12 cells at concentration 100 μg/ml than commercial cinnamaldehyde at 66.08 μg/ml

Analysis Of Phytochemicals, Protein And Anti-Microbial Activity From The Latex Of Calotropis Procera

Calotropis procera is a perennial shrub with soft wood that is evergreen. It is a member of the Apocynaceae family and Asclepiadoideae subfamily. GC- MS (Gas chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy) is used to detect compounds. On performing GC-MS, 52 peaks for various substances are produced. The quantitative analysis of Methanolic, Ethanolic, and Crude extracts of Calotropis procera is done for secondary metabolites such as flavonoids and phenols, is carried out by using Gallic acid and Rutin as a standard. Various methods are used for the qualitative test for Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Phenols, Tannins, Saponins, Cardiac glycosides, Resins, Terpenoids. Latex, milky and sticky secretion form Calotropis procera has performed antimicrobial action against certain bacteria. The latex of Calotropis procera responds positively to Amylase assay. It displays the free space.The sample's concentration of each phytocompound is measured, and latex exhibits antibacterial actiontowards microorganisms. The growth of bacteria is prevented. The Lowry method and SDS-PAGE were also used for protein estimation and separation

Morphological Changes and Antihyperglycemic Effect of M. champaca Leaves Extract on Beta-cell in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats

Rapidly increasing diabetes mellitus is becoming a serious threat to mankind health in all parts of the world. The control of treatment depends upon the availability medicines without any side effects. Traditional anti-diabetic plants, which can counter the high cost and poor availability of the current medicines. So an attempt was made to study the beneficial effects of M. champaca leaves extracts on pancreas morphology of diabetic rat model. M. champaca leaf extracts (Ethanolic, Chloroform and Petroleum Ether) were administered at dose levels of 200 mg/kg body weight orally. A positive control and normal group received distilled water orally. Blood samples were collected from retro-orbital plexus of each rat and analyzed by GOD-POD test. After 21 days treatment among different extracts, the maximum reduction of serum glucose level showed significantly (

Anti-inflammatory activity of leaves of Michelia champaca investigated on acute inflammation induced rats

Natural products play a significant role in human health in relation to the prevention and treatment of inflammation conditions. Although not fully understood, several action mechanisms are proposed to explain in vivo inflammatory action. The aim of this study was to assay different extracts from leaves of Michelia champaca (Magnoliaceae) on carrageenan induced inflammation rat model. The results were analyzed by One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The ethanolic extract (200 mg/kg) was found to be highly significant (p < 0.0001) with maximum inhibition (60.99 %) at 3 h against to positive control group. The findings conclude that M. champaca leaves extract exhibits an anti-inflammatory activity in pro-inflammatory conditions.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Cognitive determinants of weight control by dietary patterns among postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: An application of theory of planned behavior

Background: In this study, we aimed to assess the cognitive determinants of weight control behaviors by dietary patterns among postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Methods: This cross-sectional study, based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) was conducted from July to December 2017 among 240 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis in Tabriz, Iran. A validated and reliable TPB-based instrument, namely Weight-CuRB, and the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) were used. Results: The results of exploratory factor analysis (EFA) indicated three dietary patterns (total variance explained = 24.44%); healthy (n = 71), mixed (n = 78), and western (n = 91). In addition, food items consumed by participants were classified into twenty-two food groups for dietary pattern analysis. In the healthy and western dietary patterns, attitude (β: 0.140, P\u3c 0.001) and subjective norms (SNs) (β: 0.498, P\u3c 0.01) were the only predictors of weight control behavior, respectively. In the women with healthy and western patterns, the TPB-based variables altogether explained 11% and 16% of variations in the behavior, respectively. Among all patients, the TPB-based variables explained 12.2% of variations in weight control behavior, within which SNs were the only significant predictor of the behavior (β = -0.199, P\u3c 0.01). Conclusion: Our findings highlighted the remarkable role of dietary patterns in the associations between weight control and its cognitive determinants. Dietary patterns should be considered while designing weight control educational interventions among women with osteoporosis. In such interventions, promoting SNs and perceived behavioral control (PBC) should be considered as the core strategies to promote the behaviors among the patients who follow an unhealthy diet

A Parametric Study on the Bixin Oil Suspensions Produced Using Annatto Seeds (Bixia Orella) and Its Potential Application in Coloring Margarine Products

Bixin obtained from Annatto seeds (Bixinella orella), has been used by the food industry as a source for natural color for a long time due to its low toxicity and high colorific value. Given its potential applications in dairy and meat industry to obtain a desired reddish - orange hue, a method was sought, which would quickly extract the desired pigment from the seed coat at low cost and allow for its direct application in the desired product. The bixin mass was extracted using demineralized water (D.M.W), sunflower oil or methanol and was then re-suspended in sunflower oil to a bixin strength of 10%. A study of the extraction process, viscosity and color hue (L*a*b value) of the 10% formulated product in margarine at low doses of 0.1% was carried out. Data indicated that methanol extraction provided the desirable reddish hue in margarine and yielded a product with lowest viscosity