"I feel I have been taken seriously" Women's experience of greater trochanteric pain syndrome treatment-A nested qualitative study

BACKGROUND: Women experiencing greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS) report high levels of pain and reduced quality of life. Exploring how they manage GTPS in a daily life context can provide important knowledge about individual coping strategies. Education, extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) and exercise have good group level evidence for efficacy in clinical trials and are increasingly used in routine care for patients with GTPS. Exploring women’s experiences of such treatment may help understand the mechanisms underpinning these positive results and inform treatment strategies. We therefore aimed to explore how women with GTPS experience and manage their daily life, and their experience of the combined treatment of education, ESWT and exercises. METHODS: This qualitative study was nested within a cohort study based in a hospital outpatient clinic and a physiotherapy clinic in Denmark assessing the combined treatment of education, ESWT and exercises. Data was collected from eleven women using in-person, individual, semi-structured interviews which were audio recorded. Transcripts were coded and analysed using an inductive thematic analysis approach. FINDINGS: Five themes were identified: (1) Daily life was controlled and structured by pain; (2) The condition was acknowledged and taken seriously by treating professionals; (3) The participants´ experiences of the intervention–information is key; (4) Improved capability and autonomy in pain management and (5) The women´s perspectives on improving and expanding the intervention. Learning how to manage pain was experienced as the most important element of the program to the women to be able to minimize pain and manage daily life. CONCLUSION: Exploration of how women with greater trochanteric pain syndrome experienced and managed daily hip pain, and how they experienced and adapted to treatment are important novel findings that will inform clinical practice. This new knowledge may be used to inform an individualized patient education, treatment and evaluation strategy for women with the painful and debilitating condition of GTPS

Identification of multiple risk loci and regulatory mechanisms influencing susceptibility to multiple myeloma

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have transformed our understanding of susceptibility to multiple myeloma (MM), but much of the heritability remains unexplained. We report a new GWAS, a meta-analysis with previous GWAS and a replication series, totalling 9974 MM cases and 247,556 controls of European ancestry. Collectively, these data provide evidence for six new MM risk loci, bringing the total number to 23. Integration of information from gene expression, epigenetic profiling and in situ Hi-C data for the 23 risk loci implicate disruption of developmental transcriptional regulators as a basis of MM susceptibility, compatible with altered B-cell differentiation as a key mechanism. Dysregulation of autophagy/apoptosis and cell cycle signalling feature as recurrently perturbed pathways. Our findings provide further insight into the biological basis of MM.</p

Identification of multiple risk loci and regulatory mechanisms influencing susceptibility to multiple myeloma

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have transformed our understanding of susceptibility to multiple myeloma (MM), but much of the heritability remains unexplained. We report a new GWAS, a meta-analysis with previous GWAS and a replication series, totalling 9974 MM cases and 247,556 controls of European ancestry. Collectively, these data provide evidence for six new MM risk loci, bringing the total number to 23. Integration of information from gene expression, epigenetic profiling and in situ Hi-C data for the 23 risk loci implicate disruption of developmental transcriptional regulators as a basis of MM susceptibility, compatible with altered B-cell differentiation as a key mechanism. Dysregulation of autophagy/apoptosis and cell cycle signalling feature as recurrently perturbed pathways. Our findings provide further insight

Þakningar fléttufræðilegra fyrirbrigða með aðstoð línulegrar heiltölubestunar

We introduce the CombCov framework which is a generalization of the Struct algorithm introduced by Bean, Gudmundsson, and Ulfarsson in “Automatic discovery of structural rules of permutation classes”. We give a simple example of an application of the framework to avoidance sets of words and discuss in detail how to generate rules of lesser complexity and how a cover is verified up to a certain size using integer linear programming. We then apply the framework to various published results on permutations avoiding mesh patterns and try to find covers of similar problems with some success. We show that CombCov is a powerful tool in guiding humans by coming up with conjectures that would otherwise have required substantial effort to discover manually.Við kynnum hugbúnaðinn CombCov sem er útvíkkun á Struct reikniritinu eftir Christian, Bjarka og Henning úr „Automatic discovery of structural rules of permutation classes“. Við skoðum einfalt dæmi um notkun þess með forðunarmengjum af orðum og skýrum hvernig reglur eru búnar til og hvernig þakning er sannreynd upp að ákveðinni lengd með hjálp línulegrar heiltölubestunar. Síðan beitum við hugbúnaðinum á ýmis þekkt vandamál á sviði umraðana sem forðast möskvamynstur og reynum einnig að finna lausnir á áður óleystum vandamálum með einhverjum árangri. Þannig sýnum við að CombCov er öflugt tól sem getur aðstoðað mannfólk við að fá hugmyndir að lausnum sem því hefði annars kannski ekki dottið í hug nema með mikilli fyrirhöfn

Occurrence graphs of patterns in permutations

This paper is based on a generalization of the idea behind the proof of the Simultaneous Shading Lemma by Claesson et al. (2014). We define the occurrence graph G_p(\pi) of a pattern p in a permutation \pi as the graph with the occurrences of p in \pi as vertices and edges between the vertices if the occurrences differ by exactly one element. We study the general properties of the occurrence graphs and some interesting extreme cases. The main theorem in this paper is that every hereditary property of graphs produces a permutation class.Þessi grein er byggð á útvíkkun á hugmyndinni sem notuð var í sönnuninni á skyggingarhjálparsetningunni í Claesson et at. (2014). Við skilgreinum tilvikanet, G_p(\pi), fyrir mynstur p í umröðun \pi sem net með hnút fyrir hvert tilvik p í \pi og leggi milli hnúta hvers samsvarandi tilvik eru eins fyrir utan eitt stak. Við rannsökum almenna eiginleika þessara tilvikaneta og áhugaverð jaðartilvik. Meginsetning greinarinnar er að sérhver arfgengur eiginleiki neta leiðir til umraðanaklasa