The association among diet, dietary fiber, and bowel preparation at colonoscopy

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Pre-colonoscopy dietary restrictions vary widely and lack evidence-based guidance. We investigated whether fiber and various other foods/macronutrients consumed during the 3 days before colonoscopy are associated with bowel preparation quality. METHODS: This was a prospective observational study among patients scheduled for outpatient colonoscopy. Patients received instructions including split-dose polyethylene glycol, avoidance of vegetables/beans 2 days before colonoscopy, and a clear liquid diet the day before colonoscopy. Two 24-hour dietary recall interviews and 1 patient-recorded food log measured dietary intake on the 3 days before colonoscopy. The Nutrition Data System for Research was used to estimate dietary exposures. Our primary outcome was the quality of bowel preparation measured by the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS). RESULTS: We enrolled 201 patients from November 2015 to September 2016 with complete data for 168. The mean age was 59 years (standard deviation, 7 years), and 90% of colonoscopies were conducted for screening/surveillance. Only 17% and 77% of patients complied with diet restrictions 2 and 1 day(s) before colonoscopy, respectively. We found no association between foods consumed 2 and 3 days before colonoscopy and BBPS scores. However, BPPS was positively associated with intake of gelatin, and inversely associated with intake of red meat, poultry, and vegetables on the day before colonoscopy. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support recent guidelines encouraging unrestricted diets >1 day before colonoscopy if using a split-dose bowel regimen. Furthermore, we found no evidence to restrict dietary fiber 1 day before colonoscopy. We also found evidence to promote consumption of gelatin and avoidance of red meat, poultry, and vegetables 1 day before colonoscopy.Dr Jacobson has acted as a consultant for MOTUS GI and Remedy Partners. All other authors disclosed no financial relationships relevant to this publication. Supported by NIH/NIDDK R21DK105476. (R21DK105476 - NIH/NIDDK)Accepted manuscrip

Indexing Adequacy and Interdisciplinary Journals: The Case of Women\u27s Studies

This paper examines access to women\u27s studies journals through standard indexes and abstracts. Reliability of coverage is important for women\u27s studies scholars and possibly other young interdisciplines. Articles from eighty-six journals were searched in online and print indexes. Access to each journal was evaluated as adequate or inadequate based on fixed criteria. Over 60 percent of the journals were inadequately indexed. These titles should be added to appropriate indexes; a list of specific recommendations is appended (see Appendix A). Parallel research in similar fields may allow librarians to draw generalizations about access to interdisciplinary materials

Neodomestic American fiction

(print) xiii, 246 p. ; 24 cm.Item embargoed for five year

Neodomestic American fiction

(print) xiii, 246 p. ; 24 cm.Item embargoed for five year

College of Liberal Arts and Sciences_COVID-19 Course Content

List of COVID-19 related course content in the University of Maine\u27s College of Liberal Arts and Sciences during the 2020 Spring Semester. Includes descriptions from: Kristin Vekasi, Associate Professor, Political Science for POS 349: Politics of Media and Censorship; Frederic Rondeau, Associate Professor, Modern Languages and Classics for Introduction to French Classics Novels of the XX-XXI century; Marcella Sorg (Research Professor, Department of Anthropology, Climate Change Institute, and Margaret Chase Smith Policy Center for ANT 260: Forensic Anthropology; Derek Michaud, Lecturer, Philosophy; Coordinator of Religious Studies and Judaic Studies for PHI 105: Introduction to Religious Studies and PHI 100: Contemporary Moral Problems; Ayesha Maliwal, Lecturer, Mathematics and Statistics for MAT 116: Introduction to Calculus; Kirsten Jacobson, Chair, Philosophy for PHI 104: Existentialism and Literature and PHI 431: Advanced Topics in the Philosophy of Art; Liliana Herakova, Lecturer, Communication and Journalism for CMJ420 SL: Health Communication; Mark Brewer for POS 348: The Politics of Sport

Indexing Adequacy and Interdisciplinary Journals: The Case of Women's Studies

published or submitted for publicatio

Cone Deactivation Kinetics and GRK1/GRK7 Expression in Enhanced S Cone Syndrome Caused by Mutations in NR2E3

PURPOSE: To determine the relationship between cone deactivation kinetics in patients with the enhanced S cone syndrome (ESCS) caused by mutations in NR2E3 and the immunoreactivity to G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 1 (GRK1) and GRK7. METHODS: Electroretinogram (ERG) photoresponses were used to investigate activation kinetics of cones with a model of cone phototransduction. Deactivation kinetics of cones after bright flashes was quantified with a paired-flash ERG paradigm. Immunocytochemistry was performed with antibodies against cone opsins and kinases GRK1 and GRK7 in postmortem normal and ESCS retinal tissue. RESULTS: Activation kinetics of long/middle-wavelength-sensitive (L/M) cone-mediated responses in patients with ESCS were similar to those of normal L/M cones. Activation kinetics of ESCS short-wavelength-sensitive (S) cones, when compared with normal L/M cone responses evoked by the same stimulus, were slower by an amount consistent with the expected differences in spectral sensitivities. After bright flashes chosen to evoke identical activation kinetics, ESCS S cones deactivated much more slowly than ESCS or normal L/M cones. Normal human retina revealed strongly labeled cone outer segments with anti-GRK1 and anti-GRK7. In an ESCS retina, outer segments positive for L/M opsin were strongly labeled with anti-GRK1, whereas outer segments positive for S opsin showed no detectable GRK1 reactivity. GRK7 labeling was absent in all photoreceptors of the ESCS retina. CONCLUSIONS: The cone-dominant human retina resulting from NR2E3 mutations affords greater understanding of the physiological roles of GRK1 and GRK7 in human cone photoreceptors. Normal deactivation kinetics in human L/M cones can occur without GRK7 when GRK1 is present in ESCS, but does not occur when GRK7 is present but GRK1 is deficient in Oguchi disease. Lack of both GRK1 and GRK7 in S cones of patients with ESCS results in a more pronounced abnormality in deactivation kinetics and suggests the existence of partial compensation by either GRK when the other is deficient