Mediation

This thesis is about mediation as an alternative dispute resolution and at the same time as an alternative to court proceedings. The aim is to acquaint the reader with mediation as a method, its comparison with other alternative methods and at the same time to compare it with court proceedings, the possibilities of its use, the subjects of mediation and prosec of mediation. The author also compares some differences in the Czech and Slovak regulations. The second chapter focuses on explaining the concept of mediation, its goals and mediation styles. The third chapter is about alternative methods of dispute resolution, namely arbitration, mini-process, negotiation, conciliation and subsequently combined methods such as mediation- arbitration and arbitration-mediation. These methods are described only very briefly and the chapter focuses mainly on their differences from mediation. The fourth chapter focuses on the relationship between mediation and court proceedings. The aim is to compare the suitability of using the methods in different cases and to compare the individual advantages and disadvantages in terms of different factors. The fifth chapter deals with mediation in practice and its legal basis. It discusses the individual sectors in which mediation can be used and any differences and specifics...Tato diplomová práce se věnuje mediaci jakožto alternativnímu řešení sporů a zároveň jakožto alternativě soudního řízení. Cílem je obeznámení čtenáře s mediací jako metodou, její srovnání s jinými alternativními metodami a zároveň se soudním řízením, možnostmi jejího využití, subjekty mediace a jejím průběhem. Autorka také srovnává některé rozdíly v české a slovenské úpravě. Druhá kapitola se zaměřuje na vysvětlení pojmu mediace, jejích cílů a mediačních stylů. Třetí kapitola se zabývá alternativními metodami řešení sporů, konkrétně arbitráží, miniprocesem, vyjednáváním, konciliací a následně kombinovanými metodami jako je mediace-arbitráž a arbitráž-mediace. Tyto metody jsou jen velmi krátce popsány a kapitola se zaměřuje především na jejich odlišnosti od mediace. ¨ Čtvrtá kapitola se zaměřuje na vztah mediace a soudního řízení. Cílem je srovnání vhodnosti použití metod v různých případech a porovnání jednotlivých výhod a nevýhod z hlediska různých faktorů. Pátá kapitola se týká mediací v praxi a jejího právního zakotvení. Probírá jednotlivý odvětví, ve kterých lze mediaci uplatnit a případné odlišnosti a specifika mediace v těchto odvětvích. Jedná se o mediaci rodinnou, komunitní, pracovněprávní, obchodní, v právu duševního vlastnictví, spotřebitelskou, mezinárodní. Ostatní způsoby využití jsou...Department of Civil LawKatedra občanského právaPrávnická fakultaFaculty of La

Mediation

This thesis is about mediation as an alternative dispute resolution and at the same time as an alternative to court proceedings. The aim is to acquaint the reader with mediation as a method, its comparison with other alternative methods and at the same time to compare it with court proceedings, the possibilities of its use, the subjects of mediation and prosec of mediation. The author also compares some differences in the Czech and Slovak regulations. The second chapter focuses on explaining the concept of mediation, its goals and mediation styles. The third chapter is about alternative methods of dispute resolution, namely arbitration, mini-process, negotiation, conciliation and subsequently combined methods such as mediation- arbitration and arbitration-mediation. These methods are described only very briefly and the chapter focuses mainly on their differences from mediation. The fourth chapter focuses on the relationship between mediation and court proceedings. The aim is to compare the suitability of using the methods in different cases and to compare the individual advantages and disadvantages in terms of different factors. The fifth chapter deals with mediation in practice and its legal basis. It discusses the individual sectors in which mediation can be used and any differences and specifics..

Association between circulating miRNAs and spinal involvement in patients with axial spondyloarthritis

<div><p>Objectives</p><p>Dysregulation of miRNAs and their target genes contributes to the pathophysiology of autoimmune diseases. Circulating miRNAs may serve as diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers. We aimed to investigate the association between circulating miRNAs, disease activity and spinal involvement in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (AxSpA).</p><p>Methods</p><p>Total RNA was isolated from the plasma of patients with non-radiographic (nr)AxSpA, patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and healthy controls (HC) via phenol-chloroform extraction. A total of 760 miRNAs were analysed with TaqMan^® Low Density Arrays, and the expression of 21 miRNAs was assessed using single assays.</p><p>Results</p><p>Comprehensive analysis demonstrated the differential expression of miRNAs among patients with progressive spinal disease. Of the 21 miRNAs selected according to their expression patterns, the levels of miR-625-3p were significantly different between nr-AxSpA patients and HCs. We found no correlation between miRNA levels and Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) in nr-AxSpA patients. Selected miRNAs, such as miR-29a-3p, miR-146a-5p or miR-222-3p with an established role in extracellular matrix formation and inflammation were associated with spinal changes and/or disease activity assessed by BASDAI in AS patients, including miR-625-3p reflecting disease activity in AS with spinal involvement.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Our data indicate that circulating miRNAs play a role in the pathogenesis of AxSpA and are also suggestive of their potential as biomarkers of disease progression. We hypothesize that differential systemic levels of miRNA expression reflect miRNA dysregulation at sites of spinal inflammation or bone formation where these molecules contribute to the development of pathophysiological features typical of AxSpA.</p></div

Significance cluster analysis of selected miRNAs using DIANA mirPath tool showing the involvement of miRNAs in different signalling and pathogenic pathways.

<p>Although the involvement in certain pathways of several miRNAs overlapped, the function of few miRNAs was unknown and required manual search for their function.</p

Clinical characteristics of healthy controls and patients with axial spondyloarthritis.

<p>Clinical characteristics of healthy controls and patients with axial spondyloarthritis.</p

Summary of expression and function of selected miRNAs as markers of disease activity and hypothesized role in AxSpA.

<p>Summary of expression and function of selected miRNAs as markers of disease activity and hypothesized role in AxSpA.</p

Differences in the levels of circulating miRNAs between healthy controls, patients with non-radiographic AxSpA (nr-AxSpA) and patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) with isolated sacroiliitis and spinal involvement (AS II-V).

<p>Black symbols indicate patients with bamboo spine. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.</p

Correlation between circulating miRNAs, CRP and BASDAI in nr-AxSpA (A) and AS patients (B).

<p>Correlation between circulating miRNAs, CRP and BASDAI in nr-AxSpA (A) and AS patients (B).</p