On the trend of prawn catches in bottom trawls in inshore waters off Kakinada (Andhra Pradesh)

From the results of fishing operations during 3 years (from August 1963 to July 1966) attempts were made to study the extent of availability of prawns for bottom trawls. It was found that prawns formed 22.5% of the total catch on an average of the catch rate of 12.3 kg per trawling hour. The prawns were found to be abundant during two periods from November to February and again from April to July. The depth range of 11-15 m yielded better catch rate with best frequency of the optimum catch per hour

Formulation of Mefenamic acid loaded polymeric nanoparticles by ionotropic gelation technique for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis

Aim:- Non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs are generally used as first line drugs for Rheumatoid arthritis. Mefenamic acid is an anthranilic acid derivative. The short biological half life of Mefenamic acid is 2hr. The aim of this investigation was to develop and characterize polymeric nanoparticles of Mefenamic acid by ionotropic gelation technique. Materials and methods: For ionic gelation technique, Chitosan was used as polymer and sodium tripolyphosphate as cross linking agent. All formulations were prepared by varying the drug and polymer concentrations. The obtained nanoparticles were characterized for surface morphology, FTIR, particle size and zeta potential and evaluated for yield, drug content, entrapment efficiency, loading capacity and Invitro drug release. Results and discussion : The mean particle size and zeta potential of the best formulation of Mefenamic acid nanoparticles for ionic gelation technique was found to be 196nm and -34 mV respectively. The drug release was found to be 96.3% till 11hrs with fickian diffusion. Conclusions : Inotropic gelation technique was found to be the best technique for the formulation of Mefenamic acid nanoparticles as they have less particle size, greater stability and controlled drug release for 12hrs

Neural Machine Translation for Low Resource Languages using Bilingual Lexicon Induced from Comparable Corpora

Resources for the non-English languages are scarce and this paper addresses this problem in the context of machine translation, by automatically extracting parallel sentence pairs from the multilingual articles available on the Internet. In this paper, we have used an end-to-end Siamese bidirectional recurrent neural network to generate parallel sentences from comparable multilingual articles in Wikipedia. Subsequently, we have showed that using the harvested dataset improved BLEU scores on both NMT and phrase-based SMT systems for the low-resource language pairs: English--Hindi and English--Tamil, when compared to training exclusively on the limited bilingual corpora collected for these language pairs.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, 4 tables, NAACL-SRW (2018

Comparative study of topical application of nanosilver and human placental extract on wound healing in rabbits

Background: The objective of the study was to study the comparative effect of topical application of nanosilver and human placental extract on wound healing in rabbits.Methods: 12 rabbits were randomly divided into two groups (n=6) and wound healing effect was observed in Excision model. Standard group was treated with topical human placental extract gel and test group was treated with topical Nanosilver cream. The mean percentage of the wound healed ‘within’ the group and ‘in between’ the groups were observed on day 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21 and biopsy was done on day 21 for histopathological examination.Results: The mean percentage of wound contracted with Human placental extract vs nanosilver was 29.5 vs 35.7 on day3, 46.2 vs 53.5 on day 6, 61.5 vs 70.2 on day9, 74.2 vs 88.0 on day12, 89.5 vs 97.0 on day15, 96.7 vs 99.9 on day 18 and 99.9 vs 100 day 21 respectively. The mean percentage of the wound contracted when day1 compared to day21 was statistically significant (P value 0.0001) within the groups but in between the groups it was statistically non significant (P >0.05). There was an increase in collagen content and granulation tissue in the histopathological examination in both the groups on day 21.Conclusions: Wound healing effect of the Nanosilver was comparable to that of Human placental extract in excision wound model of rabbit

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF IMPULSE COMMUTATED SOFT-SWITCHING CURRENT-FED CONVERTERS

Ph.DDOCTOR OF PHILOSOPH

STUDY ON THE LIGHTSHIP CHARACTERISTICS OF MERCHANT SHIPS

Lightship weight and its distribution have significant influence on the intact/ damage stability and longitudinal strength of the ship. In this study, the range of limiting lightship longitudinal and vertical centre of gravity for different types of merchant ships have been determined. The merchant ships considered are bulk carriers, crude oil tankers, liquefied gas carriers, container ships and pure car carriers. Detailed hull form and general arrangement layout of the merchant ships were developed. Applicable rules and regulations and design considerations for each type of merchant ships were considered for this purpose. The principal dimensions, form coefficients, powering, stability and statutory rules and regulations are matched to the ships in service. At this stage, different rules and regulations concerning ship’s stability and trim were considered. Finally, after deducting the vertical and longitudinal center of gravity of the deadweight components (cargo, fuel and fresh water), the limiting lightship vertical and longitudinal center of gravity are determined

Comparative study of surgically induced astigmatism in superior versus temporal incision in small incision cataract surgery cases

Background: Location of incision has a significant impact on surgical outcome. It has been reported that temporal incisions induce less astigmatism than superior incisions indicating the importance of incision location. The objective of the present study was to study the effect of surgical induced astigmatism in superior versus temporal incision in small incision cataract surgery cases.Methods: 100 patients of cataract attending to Sarojini Devi eye hospital with the rule and against the rule astigmatism were included in the study. The astigmatic profile and the effect of surgical incision on astigmatism were studied. A prospective study was done in which patients were divided into two groups. MSICS was performed with superiorly located incision in group I and temporally located incision in group II.Results: Out of the total 100 patients undergoing MSICS, 59 patients had ATR, 36 patients had WTR and 5 patients had no astigmatism. Thus the pre-operative astigmatic profile shows that ATR is more common type of astigmatism in this group. Among 50 patients in superior incision group, 18 had pre-operative WTR, 29 had ATR and 3 did not have astigmatism. Postoperatively the no. of patients with WTR decreased to 10, the no. of patients with ATR increased to 35 showing that superior incision flattens vertical meridian and steepens the horizontal meridian causing ATR shift. Among 50 patients in temporal incision group, 18 had pre-operative WTR, 30 had ATR and 2 did not have astigmatism. Post operatively the no of patients with WTR increased to 25, the no of patients with ATR decreased to 20.Conclusions: Placement of incision on steep axis reduces pre-existing astigmatism. Thus in ATR astigmatism it is placed temporally and in WTR astigmatism it is placed superiorly. Thus a simple modification in incision placement can minimize surgically induced astigmatism and reduce pre-existing astigmatism

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF SHIP NAVIGATION IN ROUGH SEAS BASED ON ECMWF DATA

Recently, several changes have been observed in the Earth’s environment. This is also applicable to the ocean environment. The concept of weather routing has been applied for ship navigation for a long time. Many service providers offer weather routing service with the availability of high-quality satellite data. Unfortunately, not much information is available in the public domain as to how much the recent change in the weather pattern has affected ship navigation. The purpose of this paper is to fill this information gap. We investigate the influence of recent changes in the ocean environment on ship navigation. Weather data from ECMWF, namely ERA-Interim, is used for this purpose. The ECMWF data for the last 27 years is analysed. We compute the statistical characteristics of this data for the first 10 years, last 10 years, and 27 years. The statistical characteristics of the data are determined based on “summer” and “winter” zones as defined by international maritime regulations. Six different worldwide commercial ship routes are selected covering all the ocean regions. Navigation on great ellipse with waypoint is considered. MMG type ship manoeuvring model for 3 different ship types (DTMB 5415, PCC, VLCC) is used. The added resistance due to wave, wind and the effort of keeping the ship on the desired course using autopilot in the rough ocean environment is included in the MMG model. The fuel consumption and the duration of each one of the voyage are computed. Based on the analysis and simulation results it is shown that: (i) The mean wave height, wave period, and wind speed has increased in some ocean zones and decreased in other ocean zones. If any change has occurred, it is uniform for both seasons (summer and winter). (ii) In which ocean regions there is a perceptible change in fuel consumption, average ship speed and voyage time due to the changes in the weather pattern. (iii) The changing weather pattern in different ocean zones affects each ship type differently

Comparative study of various intra ocular lens formulae by IOL master

Background: The aim and objective of the study was to calculate intraocular lens power with IOL master in 100 eyes of 100 patients with long axial lengths between 25mm to 32mm.To analyse and compare the results of various formulae by postoperative auto refractometry and corrected distance visual acuity and to know the most accurate formula for highly myopic eyes (Axial length more than 25.00 mm).Methods: Patients coming to Sarojini Devi Eye Hospital from December 2012-September 2014 for cataract surgery were considered in this study. All patients with visually significant cataract having fundus findings within normal limits were included in this study and patients of complicated cataract due to trauma, uveitis, Glaucoma and any corneal pathology were excluded from the study.Results: The Mean AL was 27.25 ± 1.25 mm, the Mean keratometric value was 43.62 ± 1.45 D, and the Mean Absolute Error (MAE) calculated by the Haigis was 0.07 DD. Compared to the MAEs generated by the other formulae, the MAE generated by the Haigis was comparable to that by the SRK/T (0.231 D), and significantly lower than those by the Hoffer Q (0.481 D) and Holladay (0.864 D).Conclusions: The Mean post-operative refractive error (spherical equivalent) was found to be the least with Haigis formula followed by SRK/T for eyes with long axial length.The HAIGIS formula has a better predictability and accuracy. The postoperative hyperopic shift was comparable between HAIGIS and SRK-T formulae the least postoperative hyperopic shift with Haigis formula compared to other formulae.