Soil Quality Evaluation in Urban Ecosystems during the Covid-19 Pandemic

The article considers the changes in some agrochemical parameters and the content of plumbum in the soil cover of a medium-sized urban ecosystem after the introduction of quarantine measures in connection with the Covid-19 pandemic. It has been determined that the blocking of anthropogenic activity did not affect the content of humus. There were changes in soil pH, which led to the transition from an alkaline reaction to a neutral one. The amount of fertilizer elements (NPK) in the soil in the post-quarantine period has been increased. The content of the mobile (active) form of plumbum within the city has been halved on average. In general, the impact of quarantine from Covid-19 on the condition of the soil cover as well as on air and surface water can be preliminary considered as positive. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-SP2022-03-04 Full Text: PD

Parametric Assessment of Macrophytes Ecological Niches in Solving Problems of Sand Quarry Lakes Phytomelioration

Technogenic reservoirs, i.e., sand quarry lakes, appear when sand is extracted under the water column by dredgers or as a result of flooding of quarries. Studies of such reservoirs in the territory of Small Polissia (Ukraine) have shown that the devastated shoreline is like a neo-ecotope formed in the ecotone zone between the water environment of such reservoirs and natural areas upon completion of their operation. Changes in the ecotope within this zone lead to the formation of ecological niches with a set of new specific factors characteristic of aquatic and near-shore vegetation. It has been determined that the fundamental niche of macrophytes in the littoral area of sand quarry lakes in the conditions of Small Polissia is determined by the following parameters: illumination 2500-90000 lux; depth 0–5 m; and trophicity (humus content) – 0-5 %. The realized niches differ for plants of different ecological groups and make up about 50 % for helophytes, about 20 % for pleistophytes, and about 70 % for hydatophytes of the fundamental niche of aquatic vegetation. The volume of space in which the niches of all types of macrophytes in the technogenic lakes of Small Polissia overlay is 10%. The maximum overlay of niches is characteristic of areas covering a combination of factors in terms of illumination (in summer) 15000-90000 lux and depths of 1.3–2.8 m, which creates conditions for the formation of three-tiered phytocoenoses. The niche of submerged plants is the largest, which indicates their highly competitive potential, which is limited mainly by the illumination parameter. Under such conditions, the rapid development of submerged vegetation in the future may lead to the accumulation of its biomass and bogginess, which will limit the use of sand quarry lakes for recreational and other types of nature management. Phytomeliorative tree planting around sand quarry lakes is proposed to regulate illumination as a parameter of the ecological niche of submerged plants.   Doi: 10.28991/HEF-2022-03-04-02 Full Text: PD

Ukraine – Canada: Modern Scientific Studies

У міжнародній колективній монографії вміщено найновіші українсько-канадські суспільно-політичні, історичні, соціально-економічні, філологічні,культурно-освітні та педагогічні дослідження в галузі сучасного канадознавства. Видання складається з трьох книг: перші дві – українською мовою, третя – англійською. Подібне видання виходить в Україні вперше. Для науковців, аспірантів і докторантів, студентів, магістрів і викладачів факультетів міжнародних відносин, іноземної філології, історії, політології та національної безпеки, філології й журналістики, економіки та управління, педагогічної освіти й соціальної роботи, для осередків канадознавста в Україні, українських студій у Канаді, а також усіх, хто цікавиться дослідженнями україно-канадської співпраці в різних сферах

Business Risk in Changing Dynamics of Global Village 2

The monograph is prepared based on the presentations and discussions made at the II International Conference “BUSINESS RISK IN CHANGING DYNAMICS OF GLOBAL VILLAGE (BRCDGV 2019)”, November, 7th-08th, 2019, in Ternopil, Ukraine. The aim of this scientific international conference is to provide a platform for professional debate with the participation of experts from around the globe in order to identify & analyze risks and opportunities in today’s global business, and specifically in Ukraine. The conference will provide a framework for researchers, business elites and decision makers to uplift the business ties and minimise the risk for creating a better world and better Ukraine.The Conference is designed to call experts around the globe from different sectors of practices which are effected by globalization and watching changes in Europe as well as in Ukraine. It is an excellent platform for interactions and communication between academicians, corporate representatives, policy makers, representatives of organizations and community, as well as individuals being the part of this globalized world. The 1st edition of this conference was held at the University of Applied Sciences in Nysa, Poland (2017); the 2nd edition took place at Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University, Ukraine (2019); the 3rd edition will be organized at Patna University, India (2020) in cooperation with Indo-European Education Foundation (IEEF, Poland) and its partner universities from Poland, India, Europe and other part of the world.Under modern conditions of globalization nowadays, economic activity is undergoing changes. Innovative technologies, new forms of business, dynamic changes taking place in the world today result in the emergence of the necessity to minimize risks in order to maximize benefits. The cooperation between experts from different fields with the aim to ensure sustainable growth – policymakers, scientists, universities representatives and business elites is essential nowadays. With the purpose to bring them together and discuss the main issues of todays’ global world this conference took place in Ternopil, Ukraine. As Ukraine is now passing through a dynamic period of changes, recommendations coming up from such discussions can be very beneficial for building stronger society and meet the risks globalization brings up. This monograph provides a useful review of economic, financial and policy issues in the context of globalization processes and has proven extremely popular with practitioners and industry advisors. This edition is given the continued high demand and interest for experts form different areas working on diminishing of business risks wishing to keep abreast of current thinking on this subject. According to many experts process of managing risks is currently one of the most relevant business technologies and at the same time it is a complex process which requires ground knowledge in the research field and practical experience. The popularity of business risks management is due to objective reasons such as dynamics of society, interconnections and interdependence between different players in the society, increasing role of human capital in the country’s sustainable developmen

The formation of modular structures through the prism of architecture in marine areas

The causes of actualization of the problem of water urbanism are shown. The key suggestions for possible formation of floating structures are considered, the international experience of such objects design are analyzed. The question of the formation of modular structures are based on the methods of geometric modeling.  The correct and semi-regular polyhedra are analyzed as the most streamlined figures from the point of view of utilitarian, stability, and buoyancy. Because of such figures form the largest internal usable volume with a minimum surface area and have a regular symmetrical structure.The basic properties of continuous filling of three-dimensional space on the basis of modular design of convex polyhedrons of spherical type are revealed.  An important prerequisite is the unification of the modules of mutual harmonization of system elements on the basis of multiplicity. The advantages of modular design and the possibility of forming the floating structures are analyzed. It is proposed to solve the modular structure of the three-dimensional cross-core structural system (the spatial framework solves not only the functional-utilitarian problem of overlapping the space, but is the formative structure of the whole building).Based on the generalized project experience, new approaches and state-of-the-art engineering and technological solutions have been identified to unlock the potential of marine ecosystems for future development.The main aspects of the formation of modular structures in the marine areas are highlighted, in particular, the following:-  formation of floating structures is analyzed on the basis of geometric modeling methods;-  a three-dimensional cross-core structural system based on regular polyhedra is proposed;the structural features of the formation of floating structures and the outlined prospects of water urbanism are distinguishedThe causes of actualization of the problem of water urbanism are shown. The key suggestions for possible formation of floating structures are considered, the international experience of such objects design are analyzed. The question of the formation of modular structures are based on the methods of geometric modeling.  The correct and semi-regular polyhedra are analyzed as the most streamlined figures from the point of view of utilitarian, stability, and buoyancy. Because of such figures form the largest internal usable volume with a minimum surface area and have a regular symmetrical structure.The basic properties of continuous filling of three-dimensional space on the basis of modular design of convex polyhedrons of spherical type are revealed.  An important prerequisite is the unification of the modules of mutual harmonization of system elements on the basis of multiplicity. The advantages of modular design and the possibility of forming the floating structures are analyzed. It is proposed to solve the modular structure of the three-dimensional cross-core structural system (the spatial framework solves not only the functional-utilitarian problem of overlapping the space, but is the formative structure of the whole building).Based on the generalized project experience, new approaches and state-of-the-art engineering and technological solutions have been identified to unlock the potential of marine ecosystems for future development.The main aspects of the formation of modular structures in the marine areas are highlighted, in particular, the following:-  formation of floating structures is analyzed on the basis of geometric modeling methods;-  a three-dimensional cross-core structural system based on regular polyhedra is proposed;the structural features of the formation of floating structures and the outlined prospects of water urbanism are distinguishe

The Dual Model of Practical Professional and Pedagogical Training of Future Teachers for Vocational Schools in Germany

Aim. The aim of the research is to identify and analyse the particularities of a dual model of practical professional and educational training of future vocational school teachers in Germany; to outline the prospects for the use of advanced ideas and positive experience of such a model in the training teachers in higher pedagogical educational institutions. Methods. The following methods have been used: interpretative - analytical method, some elements of general philosophical dialectical method (analysis, synthesis, analogy, comparing, systematisation, generalisation); empirical level methods (interview, observation); the method of theoretical generalisation. Results. The prospects of using the positive experience of a dual model of practical professional and pedagogical training of teachers of vocational school in Germany in a similar practice of teacher training have been determined: initiation of previous practical activity in the production of the chosen speciality as a necessary prerequisite for admission to a higher education institution; introduction of pedagogical internship; cooperation of higher education institutions with enterprises, institutions and organisations. Conclusion. A dual model of organising practical vocational training for future vocational school teachers, guarantees a high level of practical training for higher education applicants, makes balance among the educational needs of young people, labour market requirements and educational opportunities. Originality. The structure and content of the practical training of future professional school teachers in Germany have been characterised; the features of a dual model approach to its organisation have been investigated

АНАЛІЗ ВПЛИВУ КОРОНАКРИЗИ НА ЕКОНОМІКУ УКРАЇНИ

The article explores the essence and nature of the economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, which in combination with the coronavirus network infodemia caused the community to plunge into a deep systemic crisis. Society has faced global challenges, which need to be addressed through a series of well-considered measures, primarily state support for small and medium-sized businesses, stimulating job growth, improving the investment climate and attracting investment. The uniqueness and features of the coronary crisis are emphasized. After all, the COVID-19 pandemic is the first experience in recent history when a purely biological factor has acquired a virtually independent life in the social sphere and has shown superpower in influencing the political, legal, socio-economic spheres, interstate relations and community life, dictating behavior national communities, in which the imperatives of health and life clearly prevail over previously inviolable values. The assessments made by scientists-analysts concerning the forecasts of the coronary crisis and the factors that pose a threat to the world economy are considered. Ukraine found itself in a new system of risks associated with the global economic recession, which prompted a slowdown in economic dynamics. The authors analyze the impact of the introduction of strict quarantine conditions on various areas of economic activity in Ukraine. The decline in business activity provoked by the pandemic, the deteriorating situation in world markets for a number of manufactured goods, the weakening of investment activity, etc. has led to a decline in all sectors of the economy. Analysis of real GDP showed that in 2020 the economy returned to 2012. Accordingly, the performance indicators of the state budget of Ukraine have significantly decreased. The country’s banking system is also in a difficult situation. However, the situation in the money market remains stable and the banking system has a fairly high level of liquidity. Banks have sufficient resources for uninterrupted operation, even in a deteriorating mood of the population and business under the influence of negative news from world markets. For the first time in history during the crisis, banking institutions did not become a factor in increasing economic instability.Розглянуто особливості та характер економічної кризи, спричиненої пандемією COVID-19; оцінки, зроблені науковцями-аналітиками стосовно прогнозів перебігу коронакризи і факторів, які несуть загрозу світовій економіці. Україна опинилася в новій системі ризиків, пов’язаних зі світовою економічною рецесією, що спонукало сповільнення економічної динаміки. Проведено аналіз впливу введення суворих карантинних умов на різні сфери економічної діяльності в Україні. Зменшення ділової активності, спровоковане пандемією, погіршенням кон’юнктури на світових ринках низки промислових товарів, послабленням інвестиційної діяльності тощо спричинило зниження показників усіх секторів економіки. Аналіз реального ВВП показав, що 2020 року економіка повернулася до показників 2012 року. Відповідно значно знизилися показники виконання державного бюджету України. Банківська система країни також перебуває у складних умовах. Однак ситуація на грошово-кредитному ринку залишається стабільною і банківська система має досить високий рівень ліквідності. Банки володіють достатніми ресурсами для безперебійної діяльності навіть в умовах погіршення настроїв населення і бізнесу під впливом негативних новин зі світових ринків. Уперше в історії під час кризи банківські установи не стали фактором посилення економічної нестабільності