9 research outputs found
Dilute Solution Properties and Chain Dimensions of Poly(2-alkoxyethyl methacrylates)
The solution properties of poly(2-methoxyethyl methacrylate)
(PMEMA), poly(2-ethoxyethyl methacrylate) (PEEMA) and poly-
(2-n-butoxyethyl methacrylate) (PBEMA) have been compared.
The respective 8-temperatures in n-butanol are 64, 38 and 17DC.
From the relationships between intrinsic viscosity and molecular
weight in a thermodynamically good solvent, methyl ethyl ketone
(MEK), the respective characteristic ratios Coo = 11.1, 12.6, and
15.5 were estimated. The unperturbed dimensions of PBEMA
depend on the nature of the solvent, being lower in n-butanol
(12.3)than in MEK. The conformational properties of poly(2-alkoxyethyl methacrylates) resemble those of poly(n-alkyl methacrylates) with a comparable side-chain length
Source-based nomenclature for single-strand homopolymers and copolymers (IUPAC Recommendations 2016)
IUPAC recommendations on source-based nomenclature for single-strand polymers have so far addressed its application mainly to copolymers, non-linear polymers and polymer assemblies, and within generic source-based nomenclature of polymers. In this document, rules are formulated for devising a satisfactory source-based name for a polymer, whether homopolymer or copolymer, which are as clear and rigorous as possible. Thus, the source-based system for naming polymers is presented in a totality that serves as a user-friendly alternative to the structure-based system of polymer nomenclature. In addition, because of their widespread and established use, recommendations for the use of traditional names of polymers are also elaborated
Assessing agro-ecological practices using a combination of three sustainability assessment tools
This paper is based on results from the research project UNISECO, which is funded by European Unionâs Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 773901.We would like to thank all the farmers, farm organisations and stakeholders of the multi-actor platforms of the UNISECO project who contributed to the data collection. We also like to thank Andreas Basler whose corrections improved the comprehensibility of the paper.Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Planar subgraphs of topological layouts
Available from Bibliothek des Instituts fuer Weltwirtschaft, ZBW, Duesternbrook Weg 120, D-24105 Kiel C 161152 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman
On the computational complexity of Seidel's switching
SIGLEAvailable from Bibliothek des Instituts fuer Weltwirtschaft, ZBW, Duesternbrook Weg 120, D-24105 Kiel / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman
Erratum to: Nomenclature and graphic representations for chemically modified polymers (IUPAC Recommendations 2014)
International audienc
Nomenclature and graphic representations for chemically modified polymers (IUPAC Recommendations 2014)
International audienc
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation in adults over 80 : outcome and the perception of appropriateness by clinicians
OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of clinician perception of inappropriate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) regarding the last outâofâhospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) encountered in an adult 80âyears or older and its relationship to patient outcome.
DESIGN: Subanalysis of an international multicenter crossâsectional survey (REAPPROPRIATE).
SETTING: Outâofâhospital CPR attempts registered in Europe, Israel, Japan, and the United States in adults 80âyears or older.
PARTICIPANTS: A total of 611 clinicians of whom 176 (28.8%) were doctors, 123 (20.1%) were nurses, and 312 (51.1%) were emergency medical technicians/paramedics.
RESULTS AND MEASUREMENTS: The last CPR attempt among patients 80âyears or older was perceived as appropriate by 320 (52.4%) of the clinicians; 178 (29.1%) were uncertain about the appropriateness, and 113 (18.5%) perceived the CPR attempt as inappropriate. The survival to hospital discharge for the âappropriateâ subgroup was 8 of 265 (3.0%), 1 of 164 (.6%) in the âuncertainâ subgroup, and 2 of 107 (1.9%) in the âinappropriateâ subgroup (P = .23); 503 of 564 (89.2%) CPR attempts involved nonâshockable rhythms.
CPR attempts in nursing homes accounted for 124 of 590 (21.0%) of the patients and were perceived as appropriate by 44 (35.5%) of the clinicians; 45 (36.3%) were uncertain about the appropriateness; and 35 (28.2%) perceived the CPR attempt as inappropriate. The survival to hospital discharge for the nursing home patients was 0 of 107 (0%); 104 of 111 (93.7%) CPR attempts involved nonâshockable rhythms.
Overall, 36 of 543 (6.6%) CPR attempts were undertaken despite a known written do not attempt resuscitation decision; 14 of 36 (38.9%) clinicians considered this appropriate, 9 of 36 (25.0%) were uncertain about its appropriateness, and 13 of 36 (36.1%) considered this inappropriate.
CONCLUSION: Our findings show that despite generally poor outcomes for older patients undergoing CPR, many emergency clinicians do not consider these attempts at resuscitation to be inappropriate. A professional and societal debate is urgently needed to ensure that first we do not harm older patients by futile CPR attempts. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:39â45, 201