Ontology of the multitude and heterarchy of the common

This paper explores ontology of multitude, reflecting the General Intellect theory by A. Negri, M. Lazzarato, P. Virno, M. Pasquinelli and others. General Intellect is used as a synonym of the cognitive capacity of society, that may either liberate it from capitalism or be exploited by the capitalistic organisation of society. In this paper, General Intellect is analysed as a property of a social connection structure, hereinafter referred to as heterarchy. The connection structure heterarchy forms different kinds of singularities, i.e. aggregations consisting of statistical repetitions of relations and individual egos creating values through their goal-setting and other intellectual activities. The article argues that though General Intellect may denote capacity for the self-organization of society to a certain extent, it is difficult to identify with the only particular institutional organisation or political regime. General Intellect manifests itself in any type of social structuring through self-organising processes. © Siberian Federal University. All rights reserve

Optomechanical manipulation with hyperbolic metasurfaces

Auxiliary nanostructures introduce additional flexibility into optomechanical manipulation schemes. Metamaterials and metasurfaces capable to control electromagnetic interactions at the near-field regions are especially beneficial for achieving improved spatial localization of particles, reducing laser powers required for trapping, and for tailoring directivity of optical forces. Here, optical forces acting on small particles situated next to anisotropic substrates, are investigated. A special class of hyperbolic metasurfaces is considered in details and is shown to be beneficial for achieving strong optical pulling forces in a broad spectral range. Spectral decomposition of the Green functions enables identifying contributions of different interaction channels and underlines the importance of the hyperbolic dispersion regime, which plays the key role in optomechanical interactions. Homogenised model of the hyperbolic metasurface is compared to its metal-dielectric multilayer realizations and is shown to predict the optomechanical behaviour under certain conditions related to composition of the top layer of the structure and its periodicity. Optomechanical metasurfaces open a venue for future fundamental investigations and a range of practical applications, where accurate control over mechanical motion of small objects is required

Modeling and Calculation of Water Intake of Siberia

Изложены некоторые особенности проектирования водозаборных сооружений в Сибири из подземных и поверхностных источников. Показано, что для коэффициента шероховатости связь с расходом обратно пропорциональна, когда малым наполнениям русла соответствуют большие значения его и наоборот. Полученные результаты позволили разработать методы проектирования водозаборных сооружений меньшей трудоемкости, без привлечения результатов дорогостоящих натурных измеренийThe article deals with certain subterranean and surface water inlet springs’ designing particularities applying to Siberia. It is shown that the roughness coefficient for the cost is inversely proportional to that small fillings channel correspond to large values of it, and vice versa. The results allowed us to develop methods for the design of intake structures at the complexity, without involving costly results of field measurement

Circular Dichroism Enhancement in Plasmonic Nanorod Metamaterials

Optical activity is a fundamental phenomenon originating from the chiral nature of crystals and molecules. While intrinsic chiroptical responses of ordinary chiral materials to circularly polarized light are relatively weak, they can be enhanced by specially tailored nanostructures. Here, nanorod metamaterials, comprising a dense array of vertically aligned gold nanorods, is shown to provide significant enhancement of the circular dichroism response of an embedded material. A nanorod composite, acting as an artificial uniaxial crystal, is filled with chiral mercury sulfide nanocrystals embedded in a transparent polymer. The nanorod based metamaterial, being inherently achiral, enables optical activity enhancement or suppression. Unique properties of inherently achiral structures to tailor optical activities pave a way for flexible characterization of optical activity of molecules and nanocrystal-based compounds

Circular dichroism enhancement in plasmonic nanorod metamaterials

Optical activity is a fundamental phenomenon originating from the chiral nature of crystals and molecules. While intrinsic chiroptical responses of ordinary chiral materials to circularly polarized light are relatively weak, they can be enhanced by specially tailored nanostructures. Here, nanorod metamaterials, comprising a dense array of vertically aligned gold nanorods, is shown to provide a significant enhancement of the circular dichroism response of an embedded material. A nanorod composite, acting as an artificial uniaxial crystal, is filled with chiral mercury sulfide nanocrystals embedded in a transparent polymer. The metamaterial, being inherently achiral, enables optical activity enhancement or suppression. Unique properties of inherently achiral structures to tailor optical activities pave a way for flexible characterization of optical activity of molecules and nanocrystal-based compounds.EPSRC (UK); ERC iPLASMM (321268); TAU Rector grant; PAZY foundation; German-Israeli Foundation (2399); Israel Sciecnce Foundataion (507/14); Russian Foundation for Basic Research (16-52-00112); Russian Science Foundation (16-12-10287); Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation (SP-4248.2016.1, 3.4982.2017/6.7); Royal Society; Wolfson Foundation

Modern Trends of Organic Chemistry in Russian Universities

© 2018, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. This review is devoted to the scientific achievements of the departments of organic chemistry in higher schools of Russia within the past decade

Computational Homogenization of Architectured Materials

Architectured materials involve geometrically engineered distributions of microstructural phases at a scale comparable to the scale of the component, thus calling for new models in order to determine the effective properties of materials. The present chapter aims at providing such models, in the case of mechanical properties. As a matter of fact, one engineering challenge is to predict the effective properties of such materials; computational homogenization using finite element analysis is a powerful tool to do so. Homogenized behavior of architectured materials can thus be used in large structural computations, hence enabling the dissemination of architectured materials in the industry. Furthermore, computational homogenization is the basis for computational topology optimization which will give rise to the next generation of architectured materials. This chapter covers the computational homogenization of periodic architectured materials in elasticity and plasticity, as well as the homogenization and representativity of random architectured materials