Diseases of the locomotive system in agricultural workers

Tokom epidemiološkog istraživanja učestalosti kroničnih bolesti stanovništva u SR Hrvatskoj, 1982. godine pregledan je uzorak stanovništva u životnoj dobi od 48 do 67 godina. Uzorkom je bilo obuhvaćeno i 128 stanovnika - poljoprivrednika iz pretežno agrarnog područja općine Virovitica i 25 stanovnika - poljoprivrednika s otoka Visa. Komparativnu skupinu činili su ispitanici iz istih područja koji su kao osnovno zanimanje naveli neku drugu djelatnost (ukupno 99 ispitanika iz Virovitice i 62 s Visa). U poljoprivrednika smo češće zapazili teže oblike artroza ekstremiteta (41 %), i Dupuytrenove kontrakture (8 %), dok su rjeđe negoli u komparativnoj skupini zapaženi bolni sindromi vratne i slabinske kralješnice (55 %; 61 %). Reumatoidni artritis je zapažen u 4,8 % poljoprivrednika iz Virovitice, a niti u jedne žene iz komparativne skupine. S obzirom na nalaze prije 10 godina u istih ispitanika zapazili smo da je incidencija spondilartroza podjednaka u poljoprivrednika i u komparativnoj grupi, ali je veći porast zabilježen kod nalaza artroza u komparativnoj skupini (18 % prema 2 % u poljoprivrednika).In an epidemiological investigation of the frequency of chronic diseases among the inhabitants of Croatia a sample of population aged 48-67 years was examined in 1982. The sample included 128 agricultural workers from the mainly farming region of Virovitica and 25 agricultural workers from the island of Vis. A comparative group was formed of subjects from the same areas whose basic occupation was given as some other activity (a total number of 99 subjects from Virovitica and 62 from Vis). In the group of agricultural workers severe forms of arthrosis of the extremities (41 %) and Dupuytren\u27s contracture (8 %) were observed more frequently than in the control groups whereas pain syndromes of the cervical and lumbar spine were less frequent (55 % : 61%). Rheumatoid arthritis was present in 4.8 % of the female agricultural workers from Virovitica and in none from the control group. Comparison with the results for 1972 shows that the Incidence of spondylarthritis was the same in agricultural and control workers whereas a great increase was recorded in the incidence of arthrosis in the control group (18 % : 2 % in agricultural workers)

Antioxidants, radical-scavenging and protein carbonylation inhibition capacity of six monocultivar virgin olive oils in Istria (Croatia)

Six monocultivar virgin olive oils (VOOs) produced from five autochthonous (Buža, Buža Puntoža, Istarska Bjelica, Porečka Rosulja, and Rosinjola) and one referent cultivar (Leccino), were investigated. The mass fractions of orthodiphenols (ORT) and tocopherols (TOC) were analysed by VIS spectroscopy and HPLC. The radical-scavenging capacity was evaluated by electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR) using galvinoxyl free radical and the DPPH test. Results revealed a high level of total TOC in VOOs of Buža Puntoža (243 mg kg−1) and Porečka Rosulja (325 mg kg−1). VOOs contained in 100 g from 79% (Istarska Bjelica) to 261% (Porečka Rosulja) of recommended daily allowance of α-tocopherol. The mass fraction of ORT in Istarska Bjelica and Rosinjola was >250 mg kg−1 (on average 30–40% higher in comparison to other studied cultivars). Istarska Bjelica and Porečka Rosulja showed the highest antioxidant capacity in both methods of measurement. The highest capacity to inhibit protein carbonylation (PC) in response to oxidative stress (54–56%) was displayed by Buža Puntoža, Leccino, and Buža. High level of positive linear correlation between ORT mass fraction and radical-scavenging capacity measured by DPPH test (r=0.768), as well as strong negative correlation between PC inhibition and mass fraction of ORT (r= −0.697), were observed

The relationship be1ween selected psychic factors and degenerative diseases and disorders of the locomotor system

Procjenjivana je zastupljenost karakteristika ličnosti neurotizma, ekstroverzije - introverzije i asteničkih crta ličnosti u tri skupine od po 50 ispitanika: refereničnoj, skupini reumatičnih pacijenata u kojih subjektivne tegobe i objektivni funkcionalno-anatomski status lokomotomog sustava nisu bili u skladu i skupini reumatičnih pacijenata čije su subjektivne tegobe i objektivni funkcionalno-anatomski status lokomotornog sustava bili u skladu. Sve je ispitanike pregledao reumatolog. Od psihologijskih tehnika primijenjeni su intervju i upitnici ličnosti Cornell Index i Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ). Prema rezultatima univarijantne analize varijance zastupljenost neurotizma i asteničkih dimenzija ličnosti bila je značajno veća u skupini pacijenata koji su dali neprimjerene izjave o veličini subjektivnih tegoba nego u refereničnoj skupini i skupini pacijenata koji su dali primjerene izjave o veličini tegoba. To upućuje na zaključak da se dio zdravstvenih tegoba nekih pacijenata može pripisati subjektivnoj nadgradnji i neurotskim karakteristikama ličnosti.The incidence of neuroticism, extroversion - introversion and astenic personality characteristics was studied in three groups of 50 subjects each: controls, rheumatic patients in whom subjective complaints and objective medical status of the locomotor system were not analogous, and rheumatic patients in whom complaints and objective medical status of the locomotor system were analogous. Ali subjects were examined by a rheumatologist and interviewed by a psychologist. The psychological methods applied were: short interview, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) and Comell Index. According to the results of univariate analysis of variance the group of subjects with inadequate complaints had significantly higher scores on the scales of neuroticism and astenic personality characteristics than the control group and the group of subjects with adequate subjective complaints. The results of this work indicate that some health complaints can be partly attributed to superposition of symptoms and neurotic personality characteristics

Effects of olive scale (Parlatoria oleae (Colvée)) attack on yield, quality and fatty acid profile of virgin olive oil

Olive scale (Parlatoria oleae (Colvée)) is a common pest in Mediterranean olive orchards which primarily causes damage on olive fruits. The quality of virgin olive oil is strongly related to the health status of the olive fruits from which is extracted. In this paper the effects of olive scale (Parlatoria oleae (Colvée)) attack on the oil yield, chemical and sensorial quality, as well as on the fatty acid profile of virgin olive oil were studied. Olive fruits (Olea europea L.) from Bova cultivar (Istria, Croatia) were collected and divided into different groups according to the presence or absence of infestation by the olive scale. Olive scale attack did not induce ripening process nor stimulate oil synthesis in the infested fruits. Healthy and infested fruit groups were processed separately to produce corresponding olive oils. As regards the oil acidity, the oil samples obtained from infested fruits had similar values as samples obtained from healthy fruits. However, olive scale attack led to slight oxidative deterioration of oil, but had no effect on sensory characteristics of obtained olive oils. Fatty acid profile was slightly affected by olive scale attack: an increase of linoleic (about 13 %) and palmitoleic acid (about 8 %), but a decrease of oleic (about 3 %) and stearic acid (about 4 %) in oils obtained from infested fruits was detected. Oleic to linoleic ratio was lower in oils obtained from infested fruits indicating its lower oxidative stability

Relationship Between Osteonecrosis of the Jaw and Bisphosphonate Treatment

Terapija bisfosfonatima i njezina etiopatogenetska povezanost s aseptičkom osteonekrozom čeljusti važan je javnozdravstveni problem današnjice. Svrha je rada pregledom suvremene znanstvene literature utvrditi posljedice višestrukog djelovanja bisfosfonata (antiosteoklastična aktivnost, citotoksičnost na meka i koštana tkiva, antiangiogeneza, genski čimbenici, poremećena ravnoteža između osteoklasta i osteoblasta). Terapija bisfosfonatima jedan je od najčešćih uzroka razvoja osteonekroze čeljusti. Epidemiološki podaci pokazuju da se javlja u bolesnika koji su uzimali jedan ili kombinanciju nitrogenih bisfosfonata. Najvažniji čimbenici rizika za ovu nuspojavu su vrsta bisfosfonata (napose visokopotentni pamidronat i zoledronat koji se daju intravenski), njihova doza i duljina medikacije te vrsta bolesti zbog koje se propisuje terapija. Pojava osteonekroze čeljusti zabilježena je uglavnom u onkoloških bolesnika i u samo 5 % bolesnika s osteoporozom koji su liječeni bisfosfonatima. U patogenezi osteonekroze povezane s bisfosfonatima važno je, sa stajališta dentalnomedicinske prakse, dobro opće oralno zdravlje jer se osteonekroza javlja napose nakon prethodnoga parodontološkog i oralnokirurškog zahvata.Bisphosphonate treatment and its aetiopathogenic association with aseptic osteonecrosis of the jaw is one of the more prominent public health issues today. The aim of this review is to see into the mechanisms of bisphosphonate effects on bones described in literature (anti-osteoclastic activity, cytotoxicity, antiangiogenesis, genetic factors, and imbalance between osteoclasts and osteoblasts). Bisphosphonate treatment is the dominant cause of jaw necrosis. Epidemiological data show an exclusive incidence of osteonecrosis of the jaw in patients who took one or a combination of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates. Risk factors vary by the bisphosphonate potency (particularly risky are the highly potent pamidronate and zoledronate, which are given intravenously), dosage, duration of treatment, and the illness. Jaw necrosis is most common in oncology patients, and only 5 % in patients with osteoporosis. From a dental-medical point of view, a good oral health is important because osteonecrosis often appears after a periodontal or oral surgical procedure

Occupation and physical load as risk factors in the prevalence of degenerative diseases of joints and spine

Ispitivana je prevalencija degenerativnih reumatskih bolesti kralježnice i zglobova ekstremiteta u uzorku stanovništva srednje životne dobi - od 35 do 57 godina života. Uzorak se sastojao od 1624 muškarca i 1745 žena iz općina Zagreb-Centar, Zagreb-Črnomerec, Virovitica, Split-Centar, Omiš i Vis. Dijagnoza bolesti bila je postavljena na temelju subjektivnih simptoma i objektivnih znakova zamijećenih pri detaljnom kliničkom pregledu koštano-zglobnog sustava. Klinički nalaz težine osteoartrotičkih promjena bio je stupnjevan od 2 do 5. Registrirane su i prirođene mane sa statičkim poremećenjima i posttraumatska stanja. Anamnezom su dobiveni podaci o sadašnjem, bivšem i sporednom zanimanju ili hobiju, položaju tijela pri radu, te fizičkom opterećenju tokom rada. Pomoću kompjutora analizirana je moguća povezanost zanimanja i fizičkog opterećenja, kao i nepovoljnog položaja tijela pri radu s pojavom degenerativnih reumatskih bolesti kralježnice i zglobova ekstremiteta. Nije nađena izrazita povezanost zanimanja i osteoartroze, što upućuje na to da u prosječnim fizičkim opterećenjima ne treba očekivati naročito veću pojavu degenerativnih bolesti zglobova i kralježnice. Ipak, više nego u prosječnoj populaciji, uočene su degenerativne promjene kralježnice i zglobova ekstremiteta u poljoprivrednika, penzionera, domaćica, nekvalificiranih radnika i radnica, a u žena je češća osteoartroza kralježnice u administrativnih radnica srednje stručne spreme. Do sličnih smo podataka došli analizirajući »bivše« i »sporedno zanimanje«. U muškaraca i žena koji nose terete i koji su radili pretežno hodajući, uočili smo više nego u ostaloj populaciji, degeneratiivne reumatske bolesti zglobova ekstremiteta.The prevalence of degenerative rheumatic diseases of the spine and joints was studied in a population sample aged 35-57 years. The sample consisted of 1624 men and 1745 women from the communities of several continental and coastal towns. The diagnosis was based on subjective symptoms and objective signs observed at detailed clinical examination of the bone joint system. Clinically determined osteoarthrotic changes were graded from 1 to s. Congenital malformations with static disturbances and posttraumatic conditions were also recorded. Data about the present, past and part time occupation or hobby, posture of the body at work and physical load at work were collected. A possible association between occupation, physical load and unfavourable posture of the body at work and occurrence of degenerative rheumatic diseases of the spine and joints was analyzed by means of the computer. No pronounced connection between occupation and osteoarthrosis was found which points out that with average physical loads the rate of degenerative diseases of joints and spine is not likely to be greatly increased. Still, more often than in the average population degenerative changes of the spine and joints were observed in farmers, pensioners, housewives and unskilled workers of both sexes. In female subjects osteoarthrosis of the spine was more often found among office workers with intermediate specialist\u27s training. Similar data were obtained by analysis of the past and part time occupations. In men and women whose job requires walking posture and load carrying we found more degenerative rheumatic diseases of the joints than in other population groups

Salting of food and chronic diseases

U epidemiološkom istraživanju kroničnih bolesti 1972. godine u uzorku stanovništva koji se sastojao od 3 265 ispitanika u dobi od 38 do 57 godina, dobivene su izjave o soljenju hrane. Najveći broj ispitanika (62,8%) izjavio je da »normalno« soli hranu, 17,0% »dosoljava«, a 1,6% »dosoljava mnogo« hranu. »Malo soli« hranu 16,1% a »ne soli« hranu 2,5% ispitanika. Muškarci u prosjeku više dosoljavaju hranu nego žene, a seosko stanovništvo više nego gradsko. Nisu nađene razlike u prevalenciji sistoličke niti dijastoličke hipertenzije s obzirom na izjave o soljenju hrane. Češći je bio nalaz varica, alkoholizma i kroničnog bronhitisa ispitanika koji više sole hranu.In an epidemiological study of chronic diseases carried out in 1972 a sample of population consisting of 3 265 subjects aged 38-57 years was interviewed about the seasoning of food with salt. The greatest number of subjects (62.8%) claimed to take normally salted food, 17.0% added some salt and 1.6% added much salt to their food. Those who ate slightly salted food were 16.1%, while 2.5% did not take any salt at all. Generally, men salted food more than women, rural population more than urban. No differences in the prevalence of systolic or diastolic hypertension were found with regard to food salting. Among the subjects who added more salt to their food varices, alcoholism and chronic bronchitis occurred more frequently

Sequestration and enhanced coal bed methane : Tanquary Farms test site, Wabash County, Illinois

U.S. DOE Contract DE-FC26-05NT42588Ope