Body composition and a school day hydration state among Polish children : a cross-sectional study

Background: Little is known on the relationship between obesity and hydration level in children. To explore the possible association between children’s hydration status and body composition, we conducted this cross-sectional study. Methods: The survey was carried out in 2018 in Preliminary and High Schools from the Malopolska Province, Poland. The study group consisted of 264 children aged 7-15 years. The level of hydration was assessed based on urine osmolality during a school day. The examined had anthropometric tests and body composition assessment (FM, BF%, FFM, TBW, TBW%). Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using a logistic regression analysis. Results: In the study group, 9.5% of the examined were overweight, 7.2% obese, and it referred more to the country than towns (p < 0.05). Improper hydration was found in 53% of children, and 16.3% of them were severely dehydrated during a school day (urine osmolality > 1000 mOsm/kgH2O). The level of dehydration was higher in children with excessive body fat (BF%) than in children with normal BF% [903.00 vs. 775 mOsm/kgH2O]. Older age (>10 y) showed inverse association with dehydration [OR 0.52 (95% CI; 0.28–0.99)] and excessed BF% showed 2.3-fold increase in odds of dehydration during a school day [OR 2.39 (95% CI; 1.15–4.94)]. Improper hydration was a risk factor of difficulties with concentration declared by students during a school day OR 2.85 (95% CI; 1.16–6.99). Conclusions: Attention should be paid to appropriate hydration especially in children with excessive body fat content who feature a higher risk of dehydration and fluid demand

Riboflavin content in autofluorescent earthworm coelomocytes is species-specific.

We have recently shown that a large proproportion of earthworm coelomocytes exhibit strong autofluorescence in some species (Dendrobaena veneta, Allolobophora chlorotica, Dendrodrilus rubidus, Eisenia fetida, and Octolasion spp.), while autofluorescent coelomocytes are very scarce in representatives of Lumbricus spp. and Aporrectodea spp. Riboflavin (vitamin B2) was identified as a major fluorophore in Eisenia jetida coelomocytes. The main aim of the present experiments was to quantify riboflavin content in autofluorescent coelomocytes (eleocytes) from several earthworm species through a combination of flow cytometric and spectrofluorometric measurements. Spectrofluorometry of coelomocyte lysates showed that riboflavin was non-detectable in the coelomocytes of Aporrectodea spp. and Lumbricus spp., but was a prominent constituent of lysates from species with autofluorescent eleocytes. In the latter case, riboflavin content was the highest in E. fetida, followed by Octolasion spp. > A. chlorotica > D. rubidus. The riboflavin content of coelomocytes correlates positively with eleocyte autofluorescence intensity measured by flow cytometry and visible with fluorescence microscopy

Study on the activation of calcium montmorillonite (Ca-MMT) by sodium cations

The results of spectral research (IR, UV-Vis) of activation process of calcium montmorillonite Ca-MMT by sodium cations are presented in this article. Modifications Ca-MMT were carried out by modifier in the form of sodium carbonate by keeping different times of activations. On the base of received sodium modifiers MMT (Na-MMT) analytical cycle of research was done, including structural (IR) and spectrophotometric (UV-Vis) researches, in order for designation of ions exchange ability (CEC). There was observed that the method of processing modification (changing activation time) does not affect on ion exchange ability Na-MMT. Application of modified MMT used as a binding material in greensand will be described in next part of planned researches

DETECTION OF NITRATES(V) AND SULFATES(VI) BY UV-VIS SPECTROPHOTOMETRY METHOD IN USED GREEN SAND BONDED BY BENTONITE WITH MODIFIED STARCH ADDITION

The research results (SEM, UV-Vis) that contain a part of the work connected with determining the influence of a modified starch addition on the physical and chemical property changes of green sands (including the emission levels of harmful substances from the used molding sands formed as a result of the liquid metal pouring of molds) are presented in this paper. A surface analysis (SEM) was performed for the fresh molding sands and used molding sands with and without modified starch samples. On the bases of the received microscopic images, the impact of the temperature factor on the morphology of the molding sand samples after the liquid metal pouring process are assessed. In the second part of the performed work on the UV-Vis research, eluates from two used molding sands (green sand [sand number 1] and green sand with the addition of a modified starch [sand number 2]) were tested for nitrate and sulfate content. In order to determine whether the level of nitrate and sulfate elusion from the used molding sands is permissible, the received results were compared with the Minister of Environment’s regulations concerning the requirements of surface waters used for supplying the population with potable water

Wpływ postaw rodzicielskich na sposób żywienia dzieci w wieku przedszkolnym w Krakowie na tle uwarunkowań socjo-demograficznych

Preschool period is a stage of intensive development of the food preferences and the pro-health attitudes associated with normal eating behaviors and consequently eating habits in adulthood. The aim of the study was to assess eating behaviors of children attending kindergartens in relation to selected socio-economic factors in their families.The study was conducted in a group of 325 children, whose average age was 5.23 ±1.30 years, attending nine kindergartens in Krakow. The questionnaire was filled in by 51.4% (N = 167) of parents of boys and 48.6% (N = 158) of girls. To conduct qualitative assessment of nutrition habits the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was used with addition of questions regarding the socio-economic situation of the surveyed families. Differences in selected dietary behaviors of children were evaluated by gender, family income and parents’ educational level. The study indicates the existence of the relationship between food-related behaviour of preschool children and parents’ education level and family income.The resulting image of dietary behaviours of children in the study group has identified numerous anomalies that require an active and ongoing nutrition education for children and their parents

TG-DTG-DSC, FTIR, DRIFT and Py-GC-MS studies of thermal decomposition for poly(sodium acrylate)/dextrin (PAANa/D) – new binder BioCo3

TG-DTG-DSC, FTIR, DRIFT, and Py-GC-MS studies have been conducted to determine the effect of the thermal decompositionconditions and structure of foundry binder BioCo3 in the form of a composition poly(sodium acrylate)/dextrin(PAANa/D) on the progress of degradation in terms of processes occurring in foundry sands in contact with liquid metal.TG-DTG-DSC curves of the composition allowed us to determine the temperature range in which they do not undergodegradation, by which they do not lose their binding properties. With temperature increasing, physical and chemicalchanges occur that are related to the evaporation of solvent water (20–110°C), followed by the release of constitutionwater, and finally intermolecular dehydration (110–230°C). In this temperature range, processes that are mainly reversibletake place. Within a temperature range of 450–826°C, polymer chains are decomposed, including the decompositionof side chains. Within a temperature range of 399–663°C, polymer composition decomposition can be observed (FTIR,DRIFT), and gas products are generated from this destruction (Py-GC-MS)

Zachowania informacyjne Polaków dotyczące zdrowego odżywiania się. Wyniki badania EATWELL

Information behaviour of Poles in area of healthy eating. Results of EATWELL surveyThe rate of obesity in Poland increases rapidly, especially fast among children and adolescents. An important and also fully accepted by the society ways of fighting this phenomenon are social marketing and educational interventions. To make these activities effective they have to keep pace with changes in information behavior of target groups. But the importance of raising information competency of consumers is not fully understood by those who design and implement health programs and health Information behavior and literacy rarely are the subject of research. The goal of this study is to find where and how Polish citizens look for diet related information, what barriers they encounter, and whether they behave differently in comparison with citizens of other European countries. Method: A survey administered through computer-assisted on-line web-interviewing to a probabilistic, stratified by age and gender, sample of respondents in Poland (n = 600). Comparison sample – same number of respondents in Belgium, Denmark, Italy and UK. Results: 49% of surveyed Poles do not know where to look for healthy diet related information and have bigger problems with this task then the respondents in other surveyed countries. In comparison with Danish, a probability that a Pole knows where to look for such information decreases twice. Individual and environmental determinants strongly affect information knowledge and behavior. Men, educated, poorer and sicker persons have bigger problems with finding information and are less likely to attempt to look for it. Majority of respondents uses Internet and Google to look for healthy diet information. Only 23% of Polish respondents would turn to their GPs for healthy eating advice

Diabetologia dziecięca — hospitalizacja w mapach potrzeb zdrowotnych Polski w 2014 roku

Opieka nad chorym na cukrzycę stanowi znaczące wyzwanie dla polityki zdrowotnej z uwagi na stale rosnącą liczbę zachorowań, zarówno w przypadku dorosłych, jak i dzieci. W Polsce opieka szpitalna nad dziećmi chorymi na cukrzycę jest scentralizowana i większość świadczeń realizują szpitale o charakterze uniwersyteckim i wojewódzkim. Mimo to struktura udzielanych świadczeń jest wysoce zróżnicowana pomiędzy województwami, zarówno pod względem liczby hospitalizacji na 100 tys. dzieci, salda migracji, długości pobytu w szpitalu, jak i odsetka hospitalizacji z powodu ostrych powikłań

Information behaviour of Poles in area of healthy eating : results of EATWELL survey

The rate of obesity in Poland increases rapidly, especially fast among children and adolescents. An important and also fully accepted by the society ways of fighting this phenomenon are social marketing and educational interventions. To make these activities effective they have to keep pace with changes in information behavior of target groups. But the importance of raising information competency of consumers is not fully understood by those who design and implement health programs and health Information behavior and literacy rarely are the subject of research. The goal of this study is to find where and how Polish citizens look for diet related information, what barriers they encounter, and whether they behave differently in comparison with citizens of other European countries. Method: A survey administered through computer-assisted on-line web-interviewing to a probabilistic, stratified by age and gender, sample of respondents in Poland (n = 600). Comparison sample – same number of respondents in Belgium, Denmark, Italy and UK. Results: 49% of surveyed Poles do not know where to look for healthy diet related information and have bigger problems with this task then the respondents in other surveyed countries. In comparison with Danish, a probability that a Pole knows where to look for such information decreases twice. Individual and environmental determinants strongly affect information knowledge and behavior. Men, educated, poorer and sicker persons have bigger problems with finding information and are less likely to attempt to look for it. Majority of respondents uses Internet and Google to look for healthy diet information. Only 23% of Polish respondents would turn to their GPs for healthy eating advice