Biodegradation of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) using the Compact Trickle Bed Bioreactor (CTBB)

tekst w j. pol. i ang.W przeprowadzonym eksperymencie biodegradacji poddana została mieszanina LZO, która składała się ze styrenu, etanolu oraz siarczku dimetylu. Wybrane LZO są powszechnie spotykane w wielu gałęziach przemysłu farmaceutycznego lub medycznego (alkohol etylowy), przemysłu chemicznego lub petrochemicznego (styren) oraz w oczyszczalni ścieków (siarczek dimetylu). W celu obliczenia wydajności procesu biodegradacji wyrażanego współczynnikiem konwersji (K) w funkcji wybranych parametrów pracy bioreaktora KBT (przepływu gazu, cieczy, stężenia wlotowego badanej mieszaniny) wykonano systematyczne badania empiryczne polegające na monitorowaniu stężenia mieszaniny LZO w strumieniu wlotowym i wylotowym bioreaktora KBT

Two in one go: A boost for multilingualism through multilingual courses at university language centers

Als bedeutende Akteure im Bereich Mehrsprachigkeit zielen Sprachzentren in der Hochschulbildung darauf ab, ein breites Spektrum an Sprachen zu fördern, darunter häufig gelernte Sprachen wie Englisch oder Spanisch, aber auch kleinere Sprachen. Für das Sommersemester 2023 wurde ein zweisprachiges Sprachangebot entwickelt, um zum Angebot seltener gelernter Sprachen beizutragen. Inspiriert durch Małgorzata Müllers modernem Ansatz in ihren Lehrbüchern „Ab in die Sprachen“ (2020, 2021, 2023) werden zwei Sprachen derselben Sprachfamilie innerhalb desselben Sprachkurses im Team Teaching unterrichtet. Der komparativ-additive Ansatz ermöglicht den Zugriff auf eine große Vielfalt bereits gesammelten Wissens beim Erlernen einer anderen Sprache aus derselben Sprachfamilie (Tafel et al. 2009: 49). Ziel dieses Zwischenberichts zum in Entwicklung befindlichen Sprachprojekt ist es, mehr Aufmerksamkeit auf alternative Formen des mehrsprachigen Unterrichts zu lenken und andere Lehrkräfte zu ermutigen, ähnliche Angebote mit oder ohne Co-Teaching anzustreben.As an active agent in multilingualism, language centers in higher education aim to promote a wide variety of languages, including frequently studied languages as English or Spanish, but also smaller languages. For the summer semester 2023, a bilingual language offer was developed to contribute to the selection of courses for lesser learned languages. Inspired by Małgorzata Müller's modern approach in her textbooks ”Ab in die Sprachen” (2020, 2021, 2023), two languages of the same language family will be taught within the same language course, in co-teaching mode. The comparative-additive approach allows accessing a wide variety of previously gathered knowledge when learning another language ​​from the same language family (Tafel et al. 2009: 49). The aim of this interim report on the language project in development is to draw more attention to alternative forms of multilingual teaching and to encourage other teachers to strive for similar offers with or without co-teaching

Temperature‐Related Corrosion Resistance of AISI 1010 Carbon Steel in Sulfolane

Sulfolane-induced corrosion can lead to severe impairment in industrial systems. Therefore, determination of solvent corrosivity is valid. Under standard conditions, pure sulfolane is considered to be thermally stable and chemically inert, hence non-aggressive towards carbon/stainless steel. Unfortunately, the sulfolane-evoked corrosion of the industrial installations is observed for sulfolane-based systems polluted by small quantities of oxygen, water and some oxidizing agents. Moreover, sulfolane decomposition with formation of corrosive (by-) products can be escalated by some process parameters, e.g., temperature. The main objective of this study was to determine the corrosion resistance of AISI 1010 steel immersed in sulfolane at temperatures ranging from 25 to 230 °C. Evaluation of the corrosion damage was carried out using electrochemical techniques and scanning probe/electron microscopy, respectively. The general corrosion tendency, corrosion rate and surface corrosion degree were taken into account as well. It was noticed that the corrosion rate linearly increases with the enhancement of sulfolane temperature. Moreover, the interfacial reaction of steel with sulfolane resulted in the formation of corrosion product layer, which is a physical barrier between the corrosive environment and steel improving corrosion resistance of the latter. In fact, the increment of the sulfolane temperature caused a gradual breakdown of the protective layer and the increase in the corrosion degree of the investigated steel. Finally, it was found that the corrosion degree doubles approximately every 42 °C

Investigation of hydro-lipophilic properties of n-alkoxyphenylhydroxynaphthalenecarboxamides

The evaluation of the lipophilic characteristics of biologically active agents is indispensable for the rational design of ADMET-tailored structure–activity models. N-Alkoxy-3-hydroxynaphthalene-2-carboxanilides, N-alkoxy-1-hydroxynaphthalene-2-carboxanilides, and N-alkoxy-2-hydroxynaphthalene-1-carboxanilides were recently reported as a series of compounds with antimycobacterial, antibacterial, and herbicidal activity. As it was found that the lipophilicity of these biologically active agents determines their activity, the hydro-lipophilic properties of all three series were investigated in this study. All 57 anilides were analyzed using the reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method for the measurement of lipophilicity. The procedure was performed under isocratic conditions with methanol as an organic modifier in the mobile phase using an end-capped non-polar C18 stationary reversed-phase column. In the present study, a range of software lipophilicity predictors for the estimation of clogP values of a set of N-alkoxyphenylhydroxynaphthalenecarboxamides was employed and subsequently cross-compared with experimental parameters. Thus, the empirical values of lipophilicity (logk) and the distributive parameters (π) were compared with the corresponding in silico characteristics that were calculated using alternative methods for deducing the lipophilic features. To scrutinize (dis)similarities between the derivatives, a PCA procedure was applied to visualize the major differences in the performance of molecules with respect to their lipophilic profile, molecular weight, and violations of Lipinski’s Rule of Five

Sulfolane: Magic Extractor or Bad Actor? Pilot-Scale Study on Solvent Corrosion Potential

The sulfur-containing derivatives and their metabolites, regarded as ‘old devils of green’ chemistry, constitute a relevant class of air/water/soil contaminants in over-polluted world. In fact, some industrially-engineered solvents have become environmentally unfavorable. An attractive alternative to commonly used industrial liquids is sulfolane (C4H8SO2), an anthropogenic medium. The main objective of this paper is the comprehensive review focusing mainly on the state-of-the-art aspects of the sulfolane synthesis, application of sulfolane as an extractive solvent due to its ‘unique’ physicochemical properties as well as the potential of sulfolane to cause equipment corrosion and subsequent spills. The potential risk for groundwater contamination, danger for human health and ways of sulfolane biodegradation were briefly reviewed as well. Interestingly, the analysis performed on data stored in the Reaxys database revealed an alternating tendency of waxing and waning interest in sulfolane during the space of the last fifty years. Moreover, the primary goal of the presented case study was to verify applicability of industrial, multi-electrochemical technique for reliable detection of corrosion in low conductive process fluids. Several aspects of corrosion measurement including the impact of process parameters (temperature) and impurities (oxygen and chlorides) on stainless steel corrosion in pure sulfolane were investigated briefly

Methotrexate and cytarabine - loaded nanocarriers for multidrug cancer therapy : spectroscopic study

Determining the properties of nanoparticles obtained by novel methods and defining the scope of their application as drug carriers has important practical significance. This article presents the pioneering studies concerning high degree incorporation of cytarabine (AraC) and methotrexate (MTX) into liposome vesicles. The main focus of this study were cytarabine-methotrexate-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) interactions observed in the gel and fluid phases of DPPC bilayers. The proposed new method of use the Transmittance2919/2850 ratio presented in our research is sensitive to subtle changes in conformational order resulting from rotations, kinks and bends of the lipid chains. The transition temperatures characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) were consistent with the results obtained by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) was used in order to determine the size and shape of the liposomes obtained. The mutual interactions occurring between the drugs studied and the phospholipids were analyzed using the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)

Electrochemical corrosion monitoring in low conductive fluid : pilot-scale study on sulfolane corrosion potential

Solvents are a group of chemical compounds that are widely used in organic synthesis. Taking into account the chemical nature, solvents are divided into protic and aprotic ones. An attractive alternative to commonly used industrial extractive liquids is an anthropogenic, organosulfur medium—sulfolane. Sulfolane is a five-membered heterocyclic sulfur–organic compound from the group of sulfones (R-SO2-R’, where R/R’ is alkyl, alkenyl, or aryl), which contains an apolar hydrocarbon backbone and a polar functional group. It is a selective solvent in the liquid–liquid and liquid–vapor extraction processes used for the removal of close-boiling alkanes from cycloalkanes or for the separation of compounds with different degrees of saturation and polarity in the extractive rectification of arenes from non-aromatic saturated hydrocarbon mixtures. In standard conditions sulfolane is not an aggressive solvent for steel, but at higher temperature (170–180 °C) and oxygen availability, it may be decomposed and subsequently some corrosive (by-)products can be formed. The primary purpose of the presented pilot-case examination was to verify applicability of the industrial, multi-electrochemical technique for reliable detection of the corrosion processes in low conductive fluids

The synthesis of new potential photosensitizers.[Pt].1 Mono-carboxylic acid derivatives of tetraphenylporphyrin

A series of mono-alkylcarboxylic acid derivatives of tetraphenylporphyrin have been prepared. All the porphyrins were completely characterized by use of mass, 1H NMR, UV–visible, and fluorescence spectroscopy. Experimental log P were determined by use of reversedphase thin-layer chromatography with use of log PRekker. These porphyrins are potential photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy

The Advances and Challenges of Liposome-Assisted Drug Release in the Presence of Serum Albumin Molecules: The Influence of Surrounding pH

The aim of this study is to prepare a liposomal delivery system for 5-methyl-12 (H)- quino[3,4-b]-1,4-benzothiazine chloride (5-MBT) and study the in vitro release characteristics. The release of 5-MBT from a liposomal complex with human serum albumin (HSA) [LDPPC/5-MBT]:HSA was examined using the spectrophotometric method and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Electronic paramagnetic resonance was used to assess the influence of the pH of the environment on the conformation of phospholipids, the latter determining the degree of release of the encapsulated compound. The applied mathematical models made it possible to determine the necessary analytical parameters to facilitate the process of potential drug release from liposomes. The complexes formed by liposomal 5-MBT with serum albumin (HSA) particles allowed for the description of the Fick process. The change in the polarity of the phospholipid membrane resulting from the changes in the pH of the surroundings, significantly influenced the percentage of 5-MBT entrapment in the liposomes. It also affected the release percentage