Cellular Therapy as Promising Choice of Treatment for COVID-19

In the pandemic of COVID-19, while living normals have been changing, there have been a huge effort globally to find out effective and safe treatment agents and vaccines. As of now, the advances show the progress in vaccine development, however the treatment of the COVID-19 is yet not fully specified. The drugs, i.e. antibiotics, antivirals, antimalarians, even anti-HIV agents which have been known already were taken out of the shelves and brought into use in different combinations. On the other hand, the cellular treatment, more specifically the mesenchymal stem cell therapy has been encouraged, resulting in various evidence published all over the world. This chapter aims to compile the published information, in means of methods, disease manifestations, results and limitations, about the stem cell treatment of the COVID-19 and to provide a source of harmonized reference for scientific society

Gender differences in perceptions of work experiences and service quality provided by front line service workers in four and five star hotels in Turkey a research note

Two studies considered possible gender differences in work experiences and service quality behaviors of front-line service employees working in hotels in Turkey.. The first study examined perceptions of servant leadership provided by their supervisors/managers and worker’s reports of service quality provided to clients by their hotels of male and female front line workers employed in four- and five –star hotels. Data were collected from 221 front-line employees, 122 males and 82 females, a 37% response rate, using anonymously completed questionnaires. Previously developed and validated measures of servant leadership (Liden, Wayne, Zhao & Henderson, 2008) and service quality (Parasuraman, Zeithaml & Berry, 1998) were used and both were found to be highly reliable in this study. Males and females were similar on five personal demographic items. Males tended to report higher levels (p<.10) on two dimensions of servant leadership (Emotional support, Conceptual skills) than did females. In addition, males rated the quality of service provided higher on three dimensions (Tangibles, Reliability, Responsiveness, and tended top rate the quality of service higher on the composite score (p<.10) than did females. The differences on perceptions of service quality might be attributed to the departments in which males and females were more likely to work, males tended to work in departments having greater direct client contact. The second investigation examined gender differences in levels of service rewards provided by their hotels and employees engaging in in three prosocial service behaivors:estra0role, role prescribed, and cooperation (Bettencourt & Brown, 1997). Data were collected from241` employees, 151 males and 88 females working in 18 different hotels in the Cappadocia region, using anonymously completed questionnaires, a 60% response rate. There were no differences in perceptions of service rewards or in prosocial behaviors. In essence, male and female front-line service workers generally indicated more similar than different appraisals of their work experiences in both investigations.

Shared Fate of Meningeal Mast Cells and Sensory Neurons in Migraine

Migraine is a primary headache disorder which has complex neurogenic pathophysiological mechanisms still requiring full elucidation. The sensory nerves and meningeal mast cell couplings in the migraine target tissue are very effective interfaces between the central nervous system and the immune system. These couplings fall into three categories: intimacy, cross-talk and a shared fate. Acting as the immediate call-center of the neuroimmune system, mast cells play fundamental roles in migraine pathophysiology. Considerable evidence shows that neuroinflammation in the meninges is the key element resulting in the sensitization of trigeminal nociceptors. The successive events such as neuropeptide release, vasodilation, plasma protein extravasation, and mast cell degranulation that form the basic characteristics of the inflammation are believed to occur in this persistent pain state. In this regard, mast cells and sensory neurons represent both the target and source of the neuropeptides that play autocrine, paracrine, and neuro-endocrine roles during this inflammatory process. This review intends to contribute to a better understanding of the meningeal mast cell and sensory neuron bi-directional interactions from molecular, cellular, functional points of view. Considering the fact that mast cells play a sine qua non role in expanding the opportunities for targeted new migraine therapies, it is of crucial importance to explore these multi-faceted interactions

Service rewards and prosocial service behaviours among employees in four and five star hotels in Cappadocia

Considerable research evidence has emerged demonstrating a link between aspects of organizational culture and employee behaviour. The present investigation examined the association of levels of service rewards perceived by service employees working in four- and five-star Turkish hotels to be provided by their organizations, and employees engaging in prosocial service behaviours. Data were collected from 241 employees working in 16 different hotels in Cappadocia, Turkey, using anonymously completed questionnaires, with a 60% response rate. Respondents rated both levels of prosocial service behaviours and levels of service rewards provided to them by their hotels as relatively high. Personal demographic characteristics were weak and inconsistent predictors of both prosocial service behaviours and perceptions of service rewards. Service rewards, controlling for personal demographics, were strong and consistent predictors of the three prosocial service behaviours studied here

Masaüstü yayıncılıkta basılabilirlik ve üretilebilirlik kriterlerinin uygulamalı incelenmesi

ÖZETMasaüstü yayıncılık bir uygulama yazılımı olarak algılanmamalı, tasarımdan baskıya ürün/yayın oluşturma sürecinin tümü olarak kabul edilmelidir. Matbaacılığın hızla gelişen teknolojiye uyumu olarak, baskı sistemlerinin mekanikten elektroniğe hızlı bir dönüşüm ve gelişim yaşıyor olması baskı öncesi, baskı ve baskı sonrası işlemler sırasında yaşanan sıkıntıları da beraberinde getirmiştir. Baskı öncesi, baskı ve baskı sonrası işlemlerinin kendi aralarında uyumlu bir süreç kurabilmeleri gereklidir. Baskı öncesi hazırlık işlemlerini gerçekleştiren kişilerin, bu konuda yetişmiş teorik ve uygulama bilgisine sahip ve mesleki açıdan donanımlı olmaları gerekmektedir. Bu durum üretimin her aşamasında çalışan teknik elemanların kendilerini yenilemelerini, bu gelişen sistemler konusunda bilgi sahibi olmalarını zorunlu kılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda yapılan çalışmalar bu eksiklikerin giderilmesine büyük katkı sağlayacaktır. Bu çalışmanın teorik kısmında baskı öncesi, baskı ve baskı sonrasında kullanılan temel kavramlardan, genel tanımlardan bahsedilmiştir. Özellikle baskı öncesi konular daha detaylı araştırılarak gelişen teknolojiye göre güncellenerek açıklanmıştır.ABSTRACTDesktop publishing should not be perceived as application software, it should be accepted as the whole process of creating a product/publication from design to press. As being the adaptation of printing to fast-growing technology, the fact that the printing systems rapidly transform and develop from mechanics to electronics brought along with them the troubles that occurred during pre-press, press and post-press processes. Pre-press, press, and post-press processes are required to establish a compatible process between each other. Individuals, who carry out the pre-press preparation processes, are required to be trained about this subject, have theoretic and applicatory information, and be professionally equipped. This situation necessitated the technical staff, who worked at each stage of the production, to renew themselves and be informed about the developing systems. The studies carried out in this direction will contribute to the removal of these deficiencies. In the theoretical part of this study, the basic concepts and general definitions used in pre-press, press and post-press are mentioned. Especially, the pre-press topics are researched in more detail and they are explained by being updated to the developing technology

Masaüstü yayıncılıkta basılabilirlik ve üretilebilirlik kriterlerinin uygulamalı incelenmesi

Masaüstü yayıncılık bir uygulama yazılımı olarak algılanmamalı, tasarımdan baskıya ürün/yayın oluşturma sürecinin tümü olarak kabul edilmelidir. Matbaacılığın hızla gelişen teknolojiye uyumu olarak, baskı sistemlerinin mekanikten elektroniğe hızlı bir dönüşüm ve gelişim yaşıyor olması baskı öncesi, baskı ve baskı sonrası işlemler sırasında yaşanan sıkıntıları da beraberinde getirmiştir. Baskı öncesi, baskı ve baskı sonrası işlemlerinin kendi aralarında uyumlu bir süreç kurabilmeleri gereklidir. Baskı öncesi hazırlık işlemlerini gerçekleştiren kişilerin, bu konuda yetişmiş teorik ve uygulama bilgisine sahip ve mesleki açıdan donanımlı olmaları gerekmektedir. Bu durum üretimin her aşamasında çalışan teknik elemanların kendilerini yenilemelerini, bu gelişen sistemler konusunda bilgi sahibi olmalarını zorunlu kılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda yapılan çalışmalar bu eksiklikerin giderilmesine büyük katkı sağlayacaktır. Bu çalışmanın teorik kısmında baskı öncesi, baskı ve baskı sonrasında kullanılan temel kavramlardan, genel tanımlardan bahsedilmiştir. Özellikle baskı öncesi konular daha detaylı araştırılarak gelişen teknolojiye göre güncellenerek açıklanmıştır. ABSTRACT Desktop publishing should not be perceived as application software, it should be accepted as the whole process of creating a product/publication from design to press. As being the adaptation of printing to fast-growing technology, the fact that the printing systems rapidly transform and develop from mechanics to electronics brought along with them the troubles that occurred during pre-press, press and post-press processes. Pre-press, press, and post-press processes are required to establish a compatible process between each other. Individuals, who carry out the pre-press preparation processes, are required to be trained about this subject, have theoretic and applicatory information, and be professionally equipped. This situation necessitated the technical staff, who worked at each stage of the production, to renew themselves and be informed about the developing systems. The studies carried out in this direction will contribute to the removal of these deficiencies. In the theoretical part of this study, the basic concepts and general definitions used in pre-press, press and post-press are mentioned. Especially, the pre-press topics are researched in more detail and they are explained by being updated to the developing technology

Servant leadership and perceptions of service quality by front line service workers in hotels in Turkey achieving competitive advantage

The aim of this article is to examine the relationship of service employees perceptions of servant leadership provided by their supervisors/managers and employee’s reports of service quality provided to clients by their hotels. Data were collected from 221 frontline employees, a 37 per cent response rate, working in four- and five-star hotels in Cappadocia, Turkey. Previously developed and validated measures of servant leadership (Liden et al., 2008) and service quality (Parasuraman et al., 1988) were used and both were found to be highly reliable in this study. Respondents were generally young, had relatively short organizational tenure and had high school educations. Respondents having longer organizational tenures and those working in five-star hotels reported lower levels of servant leadership. Longer tenured employees, and males, rated some dimensions of service quality lower as well. Service employees reporting higher levels of servant leadership from their supervisors/managers generally indicated higher levels of service quality. Some limitations should be noted. First, all data were collected using respondent self-reports, raising the limited possibility of response set tendencies. Second, the sample, while reasonably large, may not be representative of all hotel employees in Turkey. Third, all properties were located in one region of Turkey and may not be representative of hotel employees in other regions of the country. First, organizations could select individuals exhibiting higher levels of servant leadership potential based on indications that these individuals are interested in developing long-term relationships with staff and co-workers and in helping them become more skilled in doing their jobs. Selection can also be augmented by servant leadership training (Fulmer and Conger, 2004). Supervisors/managers could be coached to help them develop their staff and help them meet the unique goals (Raelin, 2003). Finally, workplace cultural value supportive of both servant leadership and service quality can be identified, modeled by senior level managers, supported and rewarded. Most studies focus on defining and measuring servant leadership or service quality. This study investigates the relationship between servant leadership and service qualit

Residents’ awareness and knowledge of sustainable smart cities

Sustainable and smart city studies are issues that local governments, business circles, and the academic community often deal with regarding city and neighborhood developments. Various grant calls and research studies on the subject are frequently made, and its importance in the professional field is increasing. However, in these studies, where the society stands is often questioned. In addition, consumers and users are critical to realizing a sustainable and energy-efficient world. These users and consumers can be defined as an urban society in cities. Awareness, knowledge, and participation of city residents about sustainable and smart cities will play a significant role in the city’s journey to be sustainable and smart. In other words, increasing society’s awareness of sustainability will change attitudes and habits and make the city’s structure more sustainable and smarter. In this study, A 28-question survey was conducted with 518 participants on the society’s perspective and knowledge of sustainable smart urban areas. It was found that the participants had general knowledge and awareness of sustainability. However, they had partial and little knowledge about sustainable urban development and smart city practices, and only 15.31% of the participants knew all the terms such as sustainable environment, sustainable society, and smart life related to these concepts. While some of the results are compatible with each other, many of them are contradictory. Different studies can be done based on these contradictions

Hotel Star Ratings And Perceptions Of Servant Leadership And Service Quality Provided By Front-Line Service Workers In Four-And Five-Star Hotels In Turkey An Exploratory Study*

This research examined employee perceptions of servant leadership provided by their supervisors/managers and employees' reports of service quality provided to clients by their hotels by front line workers employed in four- and five -star hotels in Turk ey. Data were collected from 221 front -line employees, a 37% response rate, 104 work ing in four-star hotels and 93 work ing in five-star hotels, using anonymously completed questionnaires. Consistent with other research on front-line work ers, respondents were generally young, had relatively short organizational tenures, and had high school educations. Previously developed and validated measures of servant leadership (Liden, Wayne, Zhao &amp; Henderson, 2008) and service quali ty (Parasuraman, Zeithaml &amp; Berry, 1998) were used and both were found to be highly reliable in this study. Respondents work ing in five -star hotels reported lower levels of servant leadership with respondents work ing in four - and fivetar hotels indicating similar levels of service quality

Gender differences in perceptions of work experiences and service quality provided by front-line service workers in four- and five- star hotels in Turkey: A research note

Ronald J. BURKE (York University Author) Marina ASHTAKOVA (University of Texas Author )Two studies considered possible gender differences in work experiences and service quality behaviors of front-line service employees working in hotels in Turkey.. The first study examined perceptions of servant leadership provided by their supervisors/managers and worker's reports of service quality provided to clients by their hotels of male and female front line workers employed in four- and five -star hotels. Data were collected from 221 front-line employees, 122 males and 82 females, a 37% response rate, using anonymously completed questionnaires. Previously developed and validated measures of servant leadership (Liden, Wayne, Zhao &amp; Henderson, 2008) and service quality (Parasuraman, Zeithaml &amp; Berry, 1998) were used and both were found to be highly reliable in this study. Males and females were similar on five personal demographic items. Males tended to report higher levels (p&lt;.10) on two dimensions of servant leadership (Emotional support, Conceptual skills) than did females. In addition, males rated the quality of service provided higher on three dimensions (Tangibles, Reliability, Responsiveness, and tended top rate the quality of service higher on the composite score (p&lt;.10) than did females. The differences on perceptions of service quality might be attributed to the departments in which males and females were more likely to work, males tended to work in departments having greater direct client contact. The second investigation examined gender differences in levels of service rewards provided by their hotels and employees engaging in in three prosocial service behaivors:estra0role, role prescribed, and cooperation (Bettencourt &amp; Brown, 1997). Data were collected from241` employees, 151 males and 88 females working in 18 different hotels in the Cappadocia region, using anonymously completed questionnaires, a 60% response rate. There were no differences in perceptions of service rewards or in prosocial behaviors. In essence, male and female front-line service workers generally indicated more similar than different appraisals of their work experiences in both investigations..