Analyse comparative entre la distribution des fréquences de conductivité électrique et les faciès géochimiques des eaux des aquifères de socle (Côte d’Ivoire)

La conductivité électrique est un indicateur de la minéralisation totale des eaux et son étude permet de faire un suivi hydrochimique des systèmes hydrologiques. L'objectif de ce travail est d’analyser l’apport de l’étude de la distribution des fréquences de conductivité électrique à la caractérisation géochimique des eaux des aquifères fissurés de socle cristallin et cristallophyllien. Les zones tests utilisées dans le cadre de ce travail appartiennent au socle ivoirien. La méthodologie adoptée est basée d’une part sur l’étude des courbes de fréquence de conductivité électrique. D’autre part, les faciès chimiques des eaux souterraines ont été déterminés à partir du diagramme de Piper. L’analyse de la distribution des fréquences de conductivité électrique a fait ressortir diverses familles d’eau. La projection des échantillons d’eau sur le diagramme de Piper a permis de mettre en évidence plusieurs faciès des eaux souterraines. La comparaison des différents résultats met en évidence une concordance au niveau de quatre échantillons (Bondoukou, Tiassalé, ex-N’zi- Comoé et Tiébissou-Didievi) et une non concordance au niveau de deux échantillons (Guiglo-Duekoué et Agboville). On peut conclure que l’analyse des fréquences de conductivité électrique permet en général de confirmer les différents faciès hydrogéochimiques.© 2016 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.Mots clés: Hydrogéochimie, conductivité électrique, diagramme de Piper, socle cristallin et cristallophyllien, Côte d’IvoireEnglish Title: Comparative analysis of electrical conductivity frequencies distribution and geochemical facies of hard rock aquifers waters (Ivory Coast)English AbstractElectrical conductivity is a measure of the total mineralization of the water and its study allows for a hydrochemical monitoring of water systems. The objective of this work was to analyze the contribution of the  study of electrical conductivity frequencies distribution to the geochemical characterization of the hard rock aquifers waters. The test zones used in the context of this work belong to the Ivorian hard rock aquifers. The methodology is based firstly on the study of the frequency curves of the electrical conductivity. On the other hand, chemical facies of groundwater have been determined from the Piper diagram. The analysis of the distribution of the electrical conductivity of frequencies has highlighted various water families. The projection of water samples on the Piper diagram helped highlight several facies of groundwater. Comparing the results of different methodological approaches reveals a match in four samples (Bondoukou, Tiassalé, N'zi-Comoé and Tiébissou-Didievi) and a mismatch in two samples (Guiglo-Duékoué and Agboville). Given concordances results in most cases, we can say that the analysis of the electrical conductivity of frequencies generally allows confirming the different hydrogeochemical facies in the hard rock aquifers.© 2016 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.Keywords: Hydrogeochemistry, electrical conductivity, Piper diagram, hard rock aquifers, Ivory Coas

Indication Géographique De L’huile De Palme De “Man’’ (District Des Montagnes-Côte d’Ivoire) : Une Analyse Comparative Des Propriétés PhysicoChimiques Et Profils En Acides Gras De Quelques Huiles De Palme Rouge Artisanales Ivoiriennes

Artisanal crude palm oil (ACPO) of “Man’’ (District des Montagnes, Ivory Coast) enjoys a national and international reputation for quality among consumers. In order to record this local product as a geographical indication product, a study aimed to compare the physicochemical parameters and fatty acid profiles of some ACPO samples from the “Dura” variety collected in the districts of Lagunes, Sassandra-Marahoué, Bas-Sassandra and Montagnes, was conducted. It shows that the samples collected in the District des Montagnes have a low density (0.949±0.018 g/ml), a high iodine value (63.9±0.5 g of iodine/100 g of fat) and a low peroxide value (1.2±0.2 meqO 2 / kg of fat), a slightly high pH (3.1±0.3) than those in other districts. Furthermore, these samples exhibit the lowest levels of saturated fatty acid (34.8%). The principal component analysis performed on all parameters studied, shows that the samples are of ACPO from "Man" have a more uniform profile, a symbol of a common ancestral know-how and that its deserves a Geographical Indicatio

Socializing One Health: an innovative strategy to investigate social and behavioral risks of emerging viral threats

In an effort to strengthen global capacity to prevent, detect, and control infectious diseases in animals and people, the United States Agency for International Development’s (USAID) Emerging Pandemic Threats (EPT) PREDICT project funded development of regional, national, and local One Health capacities for early disease detection, rapid response, disease control, and risk reduction. From the outset, the EPT approach was inclusive of social science research methods designed to understand the contexts and behaviors of communities living and working at human-animal-environment interfaces considered high-risk for virus emergence. Using qualitative and quantitative approaches, PREDICT behavioral research aimed to identify and assess a range of socio-cultural behaviors that could be influential in zoonotic disease emergence, amplification, and transmission. This broad approach to behavioral risk characterization enabled us to identify and characterize human activities that could be linked to the transmission dynamics of new and emerging viruses. This paper provides a discussion of implementation of a social science approach within a zoonotic surveillance framework. We conducted in-depth ethnographic interviews and focus groups to better understand the individual- and community-level knowledge, attitudes, and practices that potentially put participants at risk for zoonotic disease transmission from the animals they live and work with, across 6 interface domains. When we asked highly-exposed individuals (ie. bushmeat hunters, wildlife or guano farmers) about the risk they perceived in their occupational activities, most did not perceive it to be risky, whether because it was normalized by years (or generations) of doing such an activity, or due to lack of information about potential risks. Integrating the social sciences allows investigations of the specific human activities that are hypothesized to drive disease emergence, amplification, and transmission, in order to better substantiate behavioral disease drivers, along with the social dimensions of infection and transmission dynamics. Understanding these dynamics is critical to achieving health security--the protection from threats to health-- which requires investments in both collective and individual health security. Involving behavioral sciences into zoonotic disease surveillance allowed us to push toward fuller community integration and engagement and toward dialogue and implementation of recommendations for disease prevention and improved health security