Contribution of Aeromagnetic Data to the Structural Discontinuities Identification of Black Volta Catch-ment Aquifer System in Côte d'Ivoire

This study aims to improve the structural knowledge of the fissured aquifers of the Black Volta catchment in Côte d'Ivoire based on the mapping of magnetic lineaments that represent magnetic discontinuities such as magmatic body contacts or tectonic faults. Four filtering methods: pole reduction (equator), gradient (vertical and hori-zontal), upward extension, and angle tilt were applied to the residual magnetic field map to extract magnetic discontinuities using the Oasis Montaj (Geosoft) program. Euler deconvolution coupled with the analytical signal provided, in addition to the horizontal location of the magnetic contacts, an indication of their depths. The re-sulting structural map contains 458 structures with lengths ranging from 9.03 to 66.54 km. Three directions: NW-SE, E-W and NE-SW were detected, with a predomi-nance of the NW-SE direction. Depths estimated by Euler solutions range from 6.8 to 2847 m. This map is consistent with many faults already recognised or assumed by traditional structural studies and tectonic events affecting the Ivorian basement. These results contribute significantly to the improvement of the structural map of the Black Volta Basin in Côte d'Ivoire. In addition to the major known tectonic faults, numerous lineaments, particularly those at depth, have been highlighted by the pre-sent study.  &nbsp

Contribution of Aeromagnetic Data to the Structural Discontinuities Identification of Black Volta Catch-ment Aquifer System in Côte d'Ivoire

This study aims to improve the structural knowledge of the fissured aquifers of the Black Volta catchment in Côte d'Ivoire based on the mapping of magnetic lineaments that represent magnetic discontinuities such as magmatic body contacts or tectonic faults. Four filtering methods: pole reduction (equator), gradient (vertical and hori-zontal), upward extension, and angle tilt were applied to the residual magnetic field map to extract magnetic discontinuities using the Oasis Montaj (Geosoft) program. Euler deconvolution coupled with the analytical signal provided, in addition to the horizontal location of the magnetic contacts, an indication of their depths. The re-sulting structural map contains 458 structures with lengths ranging from 9.03 to 66.54 km. Three directions: NW-SE, E-W and NE-SW were detected, with a predomi-nance of the NW-SE direction. Depths estimated by Euler solutions range from 6.8 to 2847 m. This map is consistent with many faults already recognised or assumed by traditional structural studies and tectonic events affecting the Ivorian basement. These results contribute significantly to the improvement of the structural map of the Black Volta Basin in Côte d'Ivoire. In addition to the major known tectonic faults, numerous lineaments, particularly those at depth, have been highlighted by the pre-sent study.  &nbsp

Profil epidemiologique, clinique et therapeutique des epilepsies a Bouake (Côte d’Ivoire)

Introduction : La prévalence de l‘épilepsie en Afrique sub-saharienne est élevée, variant entre 2,2 et 58‰. En Côte d‘Ivoire, elle est estimée à 8‰.Objectif : Notre travail visait à recueillir des données épidémiologiques, cliniques et thérapeutiques récentes, concernant l‘épilepsie dans notre contexte de travail.Méthodologie : Une enquête observationnelle descriptive réalisée de Mai 2012 à Septembre 2015 au Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Bouaké a permis de retenir 200 dossiers de patients suivis pour épilepsie.Résultats : L‘âge moyen des patients était de 20 ± 16 ans avec des extrêmes de 4 mois et 79 ans. Il s‘agissait de 54,5% d‘hommes et 45,5% de femmes. Les antécédents des patients étaient les antécédents infectieux (13,5%), l‘antécédent familial d‘épilepsie (16%), les traumatismes crâniens (8,5%). La majorité des patients a présenté des crises généralisées (71,5%). L‘électroencéphalogramme (EEG) a été réalisé pour 77,5% des patients et il était anormal dans 78% des cas. Soixante-huit virgule cinq pourcent (68,5%) des patients ont bénéficié d‘une monothérapie. Le phénobarbital a été le traitement de choix (51%), la lamotrigine a été utilisée dans 2,5 % des cas. Il a été noté au bout d‘une année, une rémission complète chez 55% des patients.Conclusion : La série rapportée montre une prévalence hospitalière très élevée de l‘épilepsie, la prédominance des crises   English title: Epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic profile of epilepsy in Bouake (Ivory Coast) Background: The prevalence of epilepsy in sub-Saharan Africa, is high, ranging from 2.2 to 58 ‰. In Ivory coast, it is estimated at 8‰.Objectives: Our study aimed to collect recent epidemiological data regarding epilepsy in our working context.Method: We carried out a descriptive observational survey, from May 2012 to September 2015 at the University teaching hospital of Bouake. Two hundred patient‘s files have been reviewed.Results: The mean age of the patients was 20 ± 16 years ranging from 4 months to 79 years. There was 54.5% of male. The past medical history of patients related to epilepsy was history of infection (13.5%), family history of epilepsy (16%), head trauma (8.5%). Most patients had generalized seizures (71.5%). The electroencephalogram (EEG) was performed in 77.5% of them and showed abnormalities in 78%. Most of the patients (68.5%) were treated with monotherapy. Phenobarbital was the most used molecule (51%) and lamotrigine was used in 2.5% of cases. After one year, complete remission was noticed in 55% patients.Conclusion: The reported series highlights very high hospital prevalence, the predominance of seizures described as generalized and the use of the latest generation antiepilepptic drugs in the treatment. &nbsp

Contribution of Aeromagnetic Data to the Structural Discontinuities Identification of Black Volta Catchment Aquifer System in Côte d'Ivoire

This paper focuses on improving the structural knowledge of the fissured aquifers of the Black Volta catchment in Côte d'Ivoire based on the mapping of magnetic lineaments, which represent magnetic discontinuities such as magmatic body contacts or tectonic faults. Four filtering methods, pole reduction (equator), gradient (vertical and hori-zontal), upward extension, and angle tilt, were applied to the residual magnetic field map to extract magnetic discontinuities while using the Oasis Montaj (Geosoft) program. Euler deconvolution coupled with the analytical signal provided, in addition to the horizontal location of the magnetic contacts, is an indication of their depths. The resulting structural map contains 458 structures, with lengths ranging from 9.03 to 66.54 km. Three directions, NW-SE, E-W and NE-SW, were detected with a predominance of the NW-SE direction. Depths estimated by Euler solutions range from 6.8 to 2847 m. This map is consistent with many faults already recognised or assumed by traditional structural studies and tectonic events affecting the Ivorian basement. These results contribute significantly to the improvement of the structural map of the Black Volta Basin in Côte d'Ivoire. In addition to the major known tectonic faults, numerous lineaments, particularly those at depth, have been highlighted by the present study

Effect of isoniazid preventive therapy on risk of death in west African, HIV-infected adults with high CD4 cell counts: long-term follow-up of the Temprano ANRS 12136 trial

International audienc

Effect of isoniazid preventive therapy on risk of death in west African, HIV-infected adults with high CD4 cell counts: long-term follow-up of the Temprano ANRS 12136 trial

Background: Temprano ANRS 12136 was a factorial 2 × 2 trial that assessed the benefits of early antiretroviral therapy (ART; ie, in patients who had not reached the CD4 cell count threshold used to recommend starting ART, as per the WHO guidelines that were the standard during the study period) and 6-month isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) in HIV-infected adults in Côte d'Ivoire. Early ART and IPT were shown to independently reduce the risk of severe morbidity at 30 months. Here, we present the efficacy of IPT in reducing mortality from the long-term follow-up of Temprano. Methods: For Temprano, participants were randomly assigned to four groups (deferred ART, deferred ART plus IPT, early ART, or early ART plus IPT). Participants who completed the trial follow-up were invited to participate in a post-trial phase. The primary post-trial phase endpoint was death, as analysed by the intention-to-treat principle. We used Cox proportional models to compare all-cause mortality between the IPT and no IPT strategies from inclusion in Temprano to the end of the follow-up period. Findings: Between March 18, 2008, and Jan 5, 2015, 2056 patients (mean baseline CD4 count 477 cells per μL) were followed up for 9404 patient-years (Temprano 4757; post-trial phase 4647). The median follow-up time was 4·9 years (IQR 3·3–5·8). 86 deaths were recorded (Temprano 47 deaths; post-trial phase 39 deaths), of which 34 were in patients randomly assigned IPT (6-year probability 4·1%, 95% CI 2·9–5·7) and 52 were in those randomly assigned no IPT (6·9%, 5·1–9·2). The hazard ratio of death in patients who had IPT compared with those who did not have IPT was 0·63 (95% CI, 0·41 to 0·97) after adjusting for the ART strategy (early vs deferred), and 0·61 (0·39–0·94) after adjustment for the ART strategy, baseline CD4 cell count, and other key characteristics. There was no evidence for statistical interaction between IPT and ART (pinteraction=0·77) or between IPT and time (pinteraction=0·94) on mortality. Interpretation: In Côte d'Ivoire, where the incidence of tuberculosis was last reported as 159 per 100 000 people, 6 months of IPT has a durable protective effect in reducing mortality in HIV-infected people, even in people with high CD4 cell counts and who have started ART. Funding: National Research Agency on AIDS and Viral Hepatitis (ANRS)