230 research outputs found
Supersonic flow over convex and concave shapes with radiation and ablation effects
Numerical method of unsteady adjustment for calculating inviscid flow fields about convex and concave shapes on atmospheric entry with ablatio
Knowledge politics and new converging technologies: a social epistemological perspective
The “new converging technologies” refers to the prospect of advancing the human condition by the integrated study and application of nanotechnology, biotechnology, information technology and the cognitive sciences - or “NBIC”. In recent years, it has loomed large, albeit with somewhat different emphases, in national science policy agendas throughout the world. This article considers the political and intellectual sources - both historical and contemporary - of the converging technologies agenda. Underlying it is a fluid conception of humanity that is captured by the ethically challenging notion of “enhancing evolution”
Experimental payloads for a manned Mars flyby mission
Experimental payloads for manned Mars flyby mission, including onboard remote sensors and unmanned probes for measuring Martian environmen
Prediction of Emerging Technologies Based on Analysis of the U.S. Patent Citation Network
The network of patents connected by citations is an evolving graph, which
provides a representation of the innovation process. A patent citing another
implies that the cited patent reflects a piece of previously existing knowledge
that the citing patent builds upon. A methodology presented here (i) identifies
actual clusters of patents: i.e. technological branches, and (ii) gives
predictions about the temporal changes of the structure of the clusters. A
predictor, called the {citation vector}, is defined for characterizing
technological development to show how a patent cited by other patents belongs
to various industrial fields. The clustering technique adopted is able to
detect the new emerging recombinations, and predicts emerging new technology
clusters. The predictive ability of our new method is illustrated on the
example of USPTO subcategory 11, Agriculture, Food, Textiles. A cluster of
patents is determined based on citation data up to 1991, which shows
significant overlap of the class 442 formed at the beginning of 1997. These new
tools of predictive analytics could support policy decision making processes in
science and technology, and help formulate recommendations for action
COVID-19, an opportunity to reevaluate the correlation between long-term effects of anthropogenic pollutants on viral epidemic/pandemic events and prevalence
Occupational, residential, dietary and environmental exposures to mixtures of synthetic anthropogenic chemicals after World War II have a strong relationship with the increase of chronic diseases, health cost and environmental pollution. The link between environment and immunity is particularly intriguing as it is known that chemicals and drugs can cause immunotoxicity (e.g., allergies and autoimmune diseases). In this review, we emphasize the relationship between long-term exposure to xenobiotic mixtures and immune deficiency inherent to chronic diseases and epidemics/pandemics. We also address the immunotoxicologic risk of vulnerable groups, taking into account biochemical and biophysical properties of SARS-CoV-2 and its immunopathological implications. We particularly underline the common mechanisms by which xenobiotics and SARS-CoV-2 act at the cellular and molecular level. We discuss how long-term exposure to thousand chemicals in mixtures, mostly fossil fuel derivatives, exposure toparticle matters, metals, ultraviolet (UV)–B radiation, ionizing radiation and lifestyle contribute to immunodeficiency observed in the contemporary pandemic, such as COVID-19, and thus threaten global public health, human prosperity and achievements, and global economy. Finally, we propose metrics which are needed to address the diverse health effects of anthropogenic COVID-19 crisis at present and those required to prevent similar future pandemics
Experiment payloads for manned encounter missions to Mars and Venus
Experiment payloads for manned space flight missions to Mars and Venu
COVID-19 publications: Database coverage, citations, readers, tweets, news, Facebook walls, Reddit posts
© 2020 The Authors. Published by MIT Press. This is an open access article available under a Creative Commons licence.
The published version can be accessed at the following link on the publisher’s website: https://doi.org/10.1162/qss_a_00066The COVID-19 pandemic requires a fast response from researchers to help address biological,
medical and public health issues to minimize its impact. In this rapidly evolving context,
scholars, professionals and the public may need to quickly identify important new studies. In
response, this paper assesses the coverage of scholarly databases and impact indicators
during 21 March to 18 April 2020. The rapidly increasing volume of research, is particularly
accessible through Dimensions, and less through Scopus, the Web of Science, and PubMed.
Google Scholar’s results included many false matches. A few COVID-19 papers from the
21,395 in Dimensions were already highly cited, with substantial news and social media
attention. For this topic, in contrast to previous studies, there seems to be a high degree of
convergence between articles shared in the social web and citation counts, at least in the
short term. In particular, articles that are extensively tweeted on the day first indexed are
likely to be highly read and relatively highly cited three weeks later. Researchers needing wide
scope literature searches (rather than health focused PubMed or medRxiv searches) should
start with Dimensions (or Google Scholar) and can use tweet and Mendeley reader counts as
indicators of likely importance
- …