THE SEMANTIC ASPECT OF THE ACQUISITION OF SYNONYMS, HOMONYMS AND ANTONYMS IN THE TEACHING PROCESS OF ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE

The adoption of synonyms, homonyms, and antonyms is inevitable when studying English as a foreign language. Acquiring, mastering and practicing of these types of words and the essence of the mutual relationships that they pose amongst them are of essential importance to any existing or potential speaker of the English language. Given the morphological productivity, as well as the changing nature as a characteristic of any language, their referential and poetic function also develops. Learning vocabulary is a key element in the study of any language and its wealth is seen precisely in the number of synonyms, homonyms and antonyms represented in it. On the other hand, the recognition and proper usage and practice of these types of words are considered as one of the most proficient characteristics and level of knowledge of foreign speaking skills language. This paper starts from a theoretical consideration of the semantic aspect of the adoption of synonyms, homonyms and antonyms in English teaching as foreign language. In order to determine the problems that might arise in their adoption in teaching in English as a foreign language, the factors that affect the general adoption of the language are given first and comparisons are made between the adoption of mother tongue and any other foreign language. The results of the research show that certain problems in the adoption these types of words can cause not only the differences between Macedonian as mother tongue and English as foreign, but also the very way of their adoption. The problems in teaching when adopting synonyms, homonyms and antonyms stand as a subject of this research.  Article visualizations

Implementacija metoda ispitivanja papirne knjižnične građe

This article presents a number of conventional and modern techniques used for the examination of paper-based library materials, which were recently implemented in the Conservation and Restoration Laboratory at the National and University Library “St. Clement of Ohrid” - Skopje. The most important and widely used approaches for conducting the conservation research on many forms of works on paper with a historical value are outlined in terms of their applications and the kind of information on the constituent materials of paper artifacts that can be extracted. Special attention is paid to the conventional methods of micro-chemical analyses of paper artifacts. The sensitivity of the technique, various results obtained during the analysis with possible interferences, and the most compatible modern method are Summarised. A set of examples is provided for the demonstration of the capabilities of these methods for examination of paper and paper additives on manuscripts and old print books, some of which are part of the movable cultural heritage of the Republic of Macedonia.Članak predstavlja neke konvencionalne i suvremene tehnike koje se koriste u ispitivanju papirne knjižnične građe, a u novije ih vrijeme provodi Laboratorij za konzervaciju i restauraciju Nacionalne i sveučilišne knjižnice “Sv. Kliment Ohridski” - Skopje. Prikazani su najvažniji i najšire primijenjeni pristupi vođenju konzervatorskih istraživanja na raznim oblicima radova na papiru s povijesnom vrijednošću, u smislu njihove primjene i vrste informacija na tvorbenim materijalima papirnih artefakata koji se mogu izdvojiti. U radu su sažeti osjetljivost tehnika, različiti rezultati dobiveni tijekom analize s mogućim interferencijama i najsukladnije suvremene metode. Za prikaz mogućnosti ovih metoda u ispitivanju papira i papirnih aditiva na rukopisima i starim knjigama, od kojih su neke dio pokretne kulturne baštine Republike Makedonije, navodi se niz primjera

Implementacija metoda ispitivanja papirne knjižnične građe

This article presents a number of conventional and modern techniques used for the examination of paper-based library materials, which were recently implemented in the Conservation and Restoration Laboratory at the National and University Library “St. Clement of Ohrid” - Skopje. The most important and widely used approaches for conducting the conservation research on many forms of works on paper with a historical value are outlined in terms of their applications and the kind of information on the constituent materials of paper artifacts that can be extracted. Special attention is paid to the conventional methods of micro-chemical analyses of paper artifacts. The sensitivity of the technique, various results obtained during the analysis with possible interferences, and the most compatible modern method are Summarised. A set of examples is provided for the demonstration of the capabilities of these methods for examination of paper and paper additives on manuscripts and old print books, some of which are part of the movable cultural heritage of the Republic of Macedonia.Članak predstavlja neke konvencionalne i suvremene tehnike koje se koriste u ispitivanju papirne knjižnične građe, a u novije ih vrijeme provodi Laboratorij za konzervaciju i restauraciju Nacionalne i sveučilišne knjižnice “Sv. Kliment Ohridski” - Skopje. Prikazani su najvažniji i najšire primijenjeni pristupi vođenju konzervatorskih istraživanja na raznim oblicima radova na papiru s povijesnom vrijednošću, u smislu njihove primjene i vrste informacija na tvorbenim materijalima papirnih artefakata koji se mogu izdvojiti. U radu su sažeti osjetljivost tehnika, različiti rezultati dobiveni tijekom analize s mogućim interferencijama i najsukladnije suvremene metode. Za prikaz mogućnosti ovih metoda u ispitivanju papira i papirnih aditiva na rukopisima i starim knjigama, od kojih su neke dio pokretne kulturne baštine Republike Makedonije, navodi se niz primjera

Cloud security - An approach with modern cryptographic solutions

The term “cloud computing” has been in the spotlights of IT specialists due to its potential of transforming computer industry. Unfortunately, there are still some challenges to be resolved and the security aspects in the cloud based computing environment remain at the core of interest. The goal of our work is to identify the main security issues of cloud computing and to present approaches to secure clouds. Our research also focuses on data and storage security layers. As a result, we found out that the protection of cloud data lies in cloud cryptography. Thus, this thesis reviews the new cryptographic techniques used to protect and process encrypted data in a remote cloud storage. In this thesis we are proposing a cryptographic scheme which uses fingerprint scanning for user authentication and AES technique of 128/192/256 bit cipher key for encryption and decryption of user's data. AES provides higher data security compared to other encryption techniques like DES and Blowfish. Our scheme is used in DropBoxCrypt application. DropBoxCrypt is a data encryption-decryption application developed for Android mobile devices which can be used for browsing, exporting and opening encrypted data stored in cloud storage

Importancia significativa de las actividades de los estudiantes para el proceso de aprendizaje, análisis cualitativo en educación primaria en la República de Macedonia

The activities that students accomplish in the learning process are indicators of the developmental changes and the progress achieved by the students themselves in the educational process; hence they are essential for the educational process. In order for the learning process to be effective, the basic principle stands that the students' activities have to derive from the educational goals and contents. Recognizing this, the aim of this paper is to indicate that good-quality, well-planned and structured students’ activities, that derive from the educational objectives and the principles of active learning can lead to effectuation of the students’ learning process in the natural science field in primary school. The research of a problem of such kind is empirical with a descriptive character. The qualitative methods used to approach the problem are: analysis of pedagogical documentation and daily operational plans and preparations; a non-direct interview with teachers that will examine their attitudes towards lesson-planning; and participative (descriptive and focused) observation of the overall planning and realization of the students’ activities in the educational practice in primary school.Las actividades que los estudiantes realizan en el proceso de aprendizaje pueden utilizarse como indicadores de los cambios en el desarrollo y del progreso logrado por los propios estudiantes en el proceso educativo. Es por es eso que son componentes esenciales del proceso educativo. El principio básico que permite que el proceso de aprendizaje sea efectivo dicta que las actividades que los estudiantes lleven a cabo deben proceder de los objetivos y contenidos educativos planteados. Tomando esto como punto de arranque, el objetivo de este documento es indicar que actividades de buena calidad, bien planificadas y estructuradas, y que se derivan de los objetivos educativos y los principios del aprendizaje activo pueden llevar a la efectividad del proceso de aprendizaje de las ciencias naturales en la escuela primaria. La investigación de un problema de este tipo es empírica con un carácter descriptivo. Los métodos cualitativos utilizados para abordar el problema son: el análisis de la documentación pedagógica y los planes y preparaciones operacionales diarios; una entrevista no directa con maestros, que examinará sus actitudes hacia la planificación de lecciones; y la observación participativa (descriptiva y enfocada) de la planificación general, así como la realización de las actividades de los estudiantes en la práctica educativa en la escuela primaria

Presence of grapevine leafroll associated virus in the vuineyards in the Republic of Macedonia

Plant viruses are group of pathogens that cause and important loses in grapevine production and they have and great economic importance. They are obligate parasite form and for their replication they used plant cells.In particular vines, the harmful effects of viral infection manifests itself in reduced yield and quality of grapes, reducing the life of the vines in grapevine calem production - reducing the yield and quality of cuttings for grafting and weak adhesion of the coupling place.By applying serological ELISA technique and RT-PCR molecular diagnostics, we determining the presence of most distributed phloemic viruses in grapevine - Grapevine leafroll associated virus GlRaV (-1,-2,-3,-7). The study covered  total of 382 isolates of grapevine viruses, in the period from 2008 till 2014.In relation to grapevine viruses, we monitored the presence of the leafroll virus in grapevine (grapevine leafroll associated virus) with groups -1 and -3 of this virus (GlRaV-1 and GlRaV-3)

Gibberella fujikuroi (Sawada) Wollenweber, the new parasitical fungus on rice in the Republic of Macedonia

The recent observation of Gibberella fujikuroi (Sawada) Wollenworth (teleomorph) (anamorf: Fusarium moniliforme Sheld.) Fusarium fujikuroi Nirenberg (anamorph), F. moniliforme J. Sheld. (synonym), the causal agent of Bakanae disease in rice fields, provides an opportunity to observe the characteristics of the pathogen and the possibility of prevention in Kocani area. Plant material with Gibberella fujikuroi symptoms was collected from rice (Oryza sativa) over the period of 3 years (from 2006 to 2008). Within this study, the presence and damage caused by this pathogenic fungus were confirmed. The objective of this study was a continuous field observation of symptoms in order to establish the percentage of infection and use of laboratory methods for proper protection

Female breast cancer in New South Wales, Australia, by country of birth: implications for health-service delivery.

Background NSW has a multicultural population with increasing migration from South East Asia, the Western Pacific and Eastern Mediterranean. Objective To compare cancer stage, treatment (first 12 months) and survival for 12 country of birth (COB) categories recorded on the population-based NSW Cancer Registry. Design Historic cohort study of invasive breast cancers diagnosed in 2003–2016. Patients Data for 48,909 women (18+ ages) analysed using linked cancer registry, hospital inpatient and Medicare and pharmaceutical benefits claims data. Measurement Comparisons by COB using multivariate logistic regression and proportional hazards regression with follow-up of vital status to April 30th, 2020. Results Compared with the Australia-born, women born in China, the Philippines, Vietnam and Lebanon were younger at diagnosis, whereas those from the United Kingdom, Germany, Italy and Greece were older. Women born in China, the Philippines, Vietnam, Greece and Italy lived in less advantaged areas. Adjusted analyses indicated that: (1) stage at diagnosis was less localised for women born in Germany, Greece, Italy and Lebanon; (2) a lower proportion reported comorbidity for those born in China, the Philippines and Vietnam; (3) surgery type varied, with mastectomy more likely for women born in China, the Philippines and Vietnam, and less likely for women born in Italy, Greece and Lebanon; (4) radiotherapy was more likely where breast conserving surgery was more common (Greece, Italy, and Lebanon) and the United Kingdom; and (5) systemic drug therapy was less common for women born in China and Germany. Five-year survival in NSW was high by international standards and increasing. Adjusted analyses indicate that, compared with the Australian born, survival from death from cancer at 5 years from diagnosis was higher for women born in China, the Philippines, Vietnam, Italy, the United Kingdom and Greece. Conclusions There is diversity by COB of stage, treatment and survival. Reasons for survival differences may include cultural factors and healthier migrant populations with lower comorbidity, and potentially, less complete death recording in Australia if some women return to their birth countries for treatment and end-of-life care. More research is needed to explore the cultural and clinical factors that health services need to accommodate

Acute aortic dissection in a patient with Marfan syndrome during advanced pregnancy

Pregnant patients with Marfan syndrome (MFS) are at high risk of developing aortic dissection or rupture during the third trimester and early postpartum period. This increased likelihood is the consequence of the hyperdynamic and hypervolemic cardiocirculatory state and/or pregnancy-mediated structural changes of the arterial wall in response to hemodynamic and hormonal changes. In this article, we report on the case of a 26-year-old pregnant woman with MFS in the 30th gestation w

Anxiety, Stress and Coping Patterns in Children in Dental Settings

BACKGROUND: Fear of the dentist and dental treatment is a common problem. It can cause treatment difficulties for the practitioner, as well as severe consequences for the patient. As is known, the level of stress can be evaluated thought electrodermal activity, cortisol measure in saliva, or indirectly by psychometric tests.AIM: The present study examined the psychological influence of dental interventions on the child as well as coping patterns used for stress diminution.METHODS: We examined two matched groups of patients: a) children with orthodontic problems (anomalies in shape, position and function of dentomaxillofacial structures) (N = 31, mean age 10.3 ± 2.02) years; and b) children with ordinary dental problems (N = 31, mean age 10.3 ± 2.4 years). As psychometric instruments, we used: 45 items Sarason’s scale for anxiety, 20 items simple Stress - test adapted for children, as well as A - cope test for evaluation coping patterns.RESULTS: Obtained scores confirmed the presence of moderate anxiety in both groups as well as moderate stress level. For Sarason’s test obtained scores for the group with dental problems are 20.63 ± 8.37 (from max 45); and for Stress test 7.63 ± 3.45 (from max 20); for the orthodontic group obtained scores are 18.66 ± 6.85 for Sarason’s test, while for the Stress test were 7.76 ± 3.78. One way ANOVA confirmed a significant difference in values of obtained scores related to the age and gender. Calculated Student t - test shows non-significant differences in obtained test results for both groups of examinees. Coping mechanisms evaluated by A - cope test shows that in both groups the most important patterns used for stress relief are: developing self-reliance and optimism; avoiding problems and engaging in demanding activity.CONCLUSION: This study confirmed that moderate stress level and anxiety are present in both groups of patients (orthodontic and dental). Obtained scores are depending on gender and age. As more used coping patterns in both groups are developing self-reliance and optimism; avoiding problems and engaging in demanding activity. Some strategies for managing this problem are discussed