How to change energy system

The article discusses the reasons for the energy system changes, such as climate change and the development of technologies. The author also considers two main concepts and their components: the energy trilemma (Energy Security, Energy Equity, and Environmental Sustainability) and 3D (decarbonization, decentralization, digitalization). The final part of the paper discusses democratization as an additional element for forming the 4D concept

МЕТОД ВИБРОДИАГНОСТИКИ ДЕФЕКТОВ УПРУГИХ КОНСТРУКЦИЙ НА ОСНОВЕ АНАЛИЗА СОБСТВЕННЫХ ФОРМ КОЛЕБАНИЙ

Work is devoted analytical methods of the vibrating diagnostics arising defects in the environment of ANSYS. The criterion of an estimation of a technical condition of elastic designs is offered. As a diagnostic sign of detection of defects in a material of an elastic body it is offered to use own forms of fluctuations with various parameters of supervision. For check of efficiency of the given way numerical experiment on an example of a flat plate is made. Работа посвящена аналитическим методам вибродиагностики зарождающихся дефектов в среде ANSYS. Предложен критерий оценки технического состояния упругих конструкций. В качестве диагностического признака обнаружения дефектов в материале упругого тела предлагается использовать собственные формы колебаний с различными параметрами наблюдения. Для проверки эффективности данного способа проведен численный эксперимент на примере плоской пластины.

ДИАГНОСТИКА ПОВРЕЖДЕНИЙ УЗЛОВ КРЕПЛЕНИЯ КРЫЛА САМОЛЕТА ПО ПАРАМЕТРАМ ВИБРАЦИИ

A method of diagnostics of power structures based on shock excitation of eiqenmodes and used as a diagnostic parameter of modal characteristics (natural frequencies and mode shapes) is proposed. Using an airplane wing of MiG-29 a method of diagnosting the defectiveness of the attachment based on the analysis of feedback signals of shock effects. A numerical and full-scale experiments to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed options are presented.Предложен метод диагностики силовых конструкций, основанный на ударном возбуждении собственных колебаний и использующий в качестве диагностического параметра модальные характеристики: собственные частоты и формы колебаний. На примере крыла самолета МиГ-29 разработана методика диагностики повреждаемости узлов крепления, основанная на анализе откликов сигналов на ударные воздействия. Проведены численный и натурный эксперименты для оценки эффективности предложенных параметров

U.S./Russian lab-to-lab materials protection, control and accounting program efforts at the Institute of Inorganic Materials. Revision 1

The All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Inorganic Materials (VNIINM) performs research in nuclear power reactor fuel, spent fuel reprocessing and waste management, materials science of fissionable and reactor structural materials, metallurgy, superconducting materials, and analytical sciences. VNIINM supports the Ministry of Atomic Energy of the Russian Federation (MINATOM) in technologies for fabrication and processing of nuclear fuel. As a participant in the US/Russian Lab-to-Lab nuclear materials protection, control and accounting (MPC and A) program, VNIINM is providing support for measurements of nuclear materials in bulk forms by developing specifications, test and evaluation, certification, and implementation of measurement methods for such materials. In 1996, VNIINM will be working with Brookhaven staff in developing and documenting material control and accounting requirements for nuclear materials in bulk form, Livermore and Los Alamos staff in testing and evaluating gamma-ray spectrometry methods for bulk materials, Los Alamos staff in test and evaluation of neutron-coincidence counting techniques, Oak Ridge staff in accounting of bulk materials with process instrumentation, and Pacific Northwest staff on automating VNIINM`s coulometric titration system. In addition, VNIINM will develop a computerized accounting system for nuclear material within VNIINM and their storage facility. The paper will describe the status of this work and anticipated progress in 1996

Towards Modeling Anhedonia and Its Treatment in Zebrafish

Mood disorders, especially depression, are a major cause of human disability. The loss of pleasure (anhedonia) is a common, severely debilitating symptom of clinical depression. Experimental animal models are widely used to better understand depression pathogenesis and to develop novel antidepressant therapies. In rodents, various experimental models of anhedonia have already been developed and extensively validated. Complementing rodent studies, the zebrafish (Danio rerio) is emerging as a powerful model organism to assess pathobiological mechanisms of affective disorders, including depression. Here, we critically discuss the potential of zebrafish for modeling anhedonia and studying its molecular mechanisms and translational implications. © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of CINP

Modulation of Behavioral and Neurochemical Responses of Adult Zebrafish by Fluoxetine, Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Lipopolysaccharide in the Prolonged Chronic Unpredictable Stress Model

Long-term recurrent stress is a common cause of neuropsychiatric disorders. Animal models are widely used to study the pathogenesis of stress-related psychiatric disorders. The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is emerging as a powerful tool to study chronic stress and its mechanisms. Here, we developed a prolonged 11-week chronic unpredictable stress (PCUS) model in zebrafish to more fully mimic chronic stress in human populations. We also examined behavioral and neurochemical alterations in zebrafish, and attempted to modulate these states by 3-week treatment with an antidepressant fluoxetine, a neuroprotective omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), a pro-inflammatory endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and their combinations. Overall, PCUS induced severe anxiety and elevated norepinephrine levels, whereas fluoxetine (alone or combined with other agents) corrected most of these behavioral deficits. While EPA and LPS alone had little effects on the zebrafish PCUS-induced anxiety behavior, both fluoxetine (alone or in combination) and EPA restored norepinephrine levels, whereas LPS + EPA increased dopamine levels. As these data support the validity of PCUS as an effective tool to study stress-related pathologies in zebrafish, further research is needed into the ability of various conventional and novel treatments to modulate behavioral and neurochemical biomarkers of chronic stress in this model organism. © 2021, The Author(s).This research was supported solely by the Russian Science Foundation (RSF) grant 19‐15‐00053. K.A.D. is supported by the Special Rector’s Productivity Fellowship for SPSU PhD Students, and the lab is supported by St. Petersburg State University state budgetary funds (project ID 73026081). A.V.K. is the Chair of the International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC) and President of the International Stress and Behavior Society (ISBS, www.stress-and-behavior.com) that coordinated this collaborative multi-laboratory project. The consortium provided a collaborative idea exchange platform for this study, it is not considered as affiliation and did not fund the study. A.V.K. lab is supported by the Southwest University (SWU) Zebrafish Platform Construction Fund (Chongqing, China). The authors thank Professor Raul R. Gainetdinov (Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia) for his generous assistance with the HPLC studies in his laboratory. The funders had no role in the design, analyses, and interpretation of the submitted study, or decision to publish

METHOD OF THE VIBRATING DIAGNOSTICS OF DEFFECTS OF ELASTIC DESIGNS ON THE BASIS OF THE ANALYSIS OWN FORMS OF FLUCTUATIONS

Work is devoted analytical methods of the vibrating diagnostics arising defects in the environment of ANSYS. The criterion of an estimation of a technical condition of elastic designs is offered. As a diagnostic sign of detection of defects in a material of an elastic body it is offered to use own forms of fluctuations with various parameters of supervision. For check of efficiency of the given way numerical experiment on an example of a flat plate is made

DIAGNOSIS OF DAMAGES OF PLANE WINGS ATTACHMENT POINTS USING VIBRATION’S PARAMETERS

A method of diagnostics of power structures based on shock excitation of eiqenmodes and used as a diagnostic parameter of modal characteristics (natural frequencies and mode shapes) is proposed. Using an airplane wing of MiG-29 a method of diagnosting the defectiveness of the attachment based on the analysis of feedback signals of shock effects. A numerical and full-scale experiments to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed options are presented

Cytochemical features of olfactory receptor cells in benthic and pelagic Sculpins (Cottoidei) from Lake Baikal

Electron and laser confocal microscopy were used to analyze the adaptive cytochemical features of the olfactory epithelium in three genetically close deep-water Cottoidei species endemic to Lake Baikal − golomyanka (Baikal oilfish) Comephorus baicalensis, longfin Baikal sculpin Cottocomephorus inermis and fat sculpin Batrachocottus nikolskii − whose foraging strategies are realized under different hydrostatic pressure regimes. Hypobaric hypoxia that developed in B. nikolskii (a deep-water benthic species) upon delivery to the surface caused distinct destructive changes in cells of the olfactory epithelium. In C. baicalensis and C. inermis, whose foraging behavior involves daily vertical migrations between deep and shallow layers, these cells are characterized by a significantly higher structural and functional stability than in deep-water B. nikolskii. The results of morphological study and quantitative analysis of functionally active mitochondria in cells of the olfactory epithelium of closely related deep-water fish species with different modes of life provide evidence that tolerance of the olfactory apparatus to hypobaric hypoxia is different in pelagic and benthic species. These results help elucidate the mechanisms responsible for the consistent functioning of the olfactory system in animals evolutionarily adapted to extreme environmental factors, and provide theoretical and practical implications in different fields of biology, neurology and extreme medicine