121 research outputs found

    Unstable periodic orbits in a chaotic meandering jet flow

    Full text link
    We study the origin and bifurcations of typical classes of unstable periodic orbits in a jet flow that was introduced before as a kinematic model of chaotic advection, transport and mixing of passive scalars in meandering oceanic and atmospheric currents. A method to detect and locate the unstable periodic orbits and classify them by the origin and bifurcations is developed. We consider in detail period-1 and period-4 orbits playing an important role in chaotic advection. We introduce five classes of period-4 orbits: western and eastern ballistic ones, whose origin is associated with ballistic resonances of the fourth order, rotational ones, associated with rotational resonances of the second and fourth orders, and rotational-ballistic ones associated with a rotational-ballistic resonance. It is a new kind of nonlinear resonances that may occur in chaotic flow with jets and/or circulation cells. Varying the perturbation amplitude, we track out the origin and bifurcations of the orbits for each class

    ΠŸΠ°Ρ€Π»Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ ΡŽΡ€ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹

    Get PDF
    The subject. The article examines the refraction of the doctrine of legal procedure in relation to the activities of parliament.The purpose of the article is to confirm or disprove hypothesis that parliamentary procedure is the kind of legal procedureThe methodology. The author uses formal legal interpretation of Russian legislative acts and decisions of Russian Constitutional Court and European Court of Human Rights as well as such general scientific methods as analysis, synthesis, systemic approachThe main results, scope of application. The author draws attention to the fact that at the present stage of the development of the theory of law, it can be stated that procedural social relations have developed in the parliamentary bureaucracy, which are not only regulated, but must also be regulated by procedural norms, which confirms the conclusions of the authors of a "broad" approach to the theory of legal process. However, there will be a window of opportunity for the supporters of the "narrow" approach in the parliamentary process. In accordance with the conclusions of the ECHR and the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, which have prerequisites even in the works of Montesquieu, the parliament, as a body with jurisdictional powers, must comply with the appropriate procedure in their implementation. Hence, the author deduces the tasks of further improving both the doctrine of parliamentary procedure and the need for clear and competent regulation of legal procedures in parliament, the ultimate goal of which is to observe and implement the rights, freedoms and constitutional guarantees of participants in the parliamentary process.Conclusions. The procedures governing the work of the Parliament and its organs are legal procedures in the broad sense of the term. This does not negate the understanding that the legal procedures of the parliament, corresponding to its quasi-judicial powers, has the nature of the jurisdictional process. This conclusion is consistently confirmed in the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights andΒ the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation.РассматриваСтся ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ учСния ΠΎ ΡŽΡ€ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊ Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π»Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°. Π’Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ заостряСтся Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π° соврСмСнном этапС развития Ρ‚Π΅ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ слоТились ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ общСствСнныС ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² парламСнтской Π±ΡŽΡ€ΠΎΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΡ€Π΅Π³ΡƒΠ»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² Β«ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΒ» ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΊ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ ΡŽΡ€ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса. Однако ΠΈ для сторонников Β«ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΒ» ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² парламСнтском процСссС найдСтся ΠΎΠΊΠ½ΠΎ возмоТностСй. Π’ соотвСтствии с Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π•Π‘ΠŸΠ§ ΠΈ ΠšΠΎΠ½ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡƒΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π‘ΡƒΠ΄Π° Π Π€, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈ прСдпосылки Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Π² Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ… ΠœΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π΅ΡΠΊΡŒΠ΅, ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π»Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½, ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΡŽΡ€ΠΈΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ полномочиями, – Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ±Π»ΡŽΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Ρƒ. ΠžΡ‚ΡΡŽΠ΄Π° выводятся Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ дальнСйшСго ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ учСния ΠΎ парламСнтской ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Π΅, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ Π³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ рСгулирования ΡŽΡ€ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€ Π² ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π»Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π΅, ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ†Π΅Π»ΡŒΡŽ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… являСтся соблюдСниС ΠΈ рСализация ΠΏΡ€Π°Π², свобод ΠΈ конституционных Π³Π°Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠΉ участников парламСнтского процСсса

    Π’ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ² Π³Ρ€ΠΈΠ±Π° Flammulina velutipes Ρ‚Π° соєвої ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Ρ— як Π·Π°ΠΌΡ–Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΡ–Π² ΠΆΠΈΡ€Ρƒ Π½Π° ΡΠΊΡ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ курячих сосисок

    Get PDF
    Low-fat meat products are the major trends in developing healthier meat products. Attention is drawn that the animal fat is essential for emulsified meat products to enhance the stability, flavor, cooking yield, and texture. The low energy density and healthier ingredients can replace some or all of the fat in emulsified meat products according to some studies. As can be noted that compound fat substitutes, such as vegetable protein and carrageenan, vegetable oil and vegetable fibre, cellulose, and water, improved texture better than single fat substitutes. Nevertheless, the character of the emulsified meat product will eventually decrease as the amount of animal fat is reduced. Therewith, a little information is available about using Flammulina velutipes and soybean oil as fat alternatives in the manufacture of chicken meat products. The chicken sausage was used as the research object, and Flammulina velutipes and soybean oil were used as fat substitutes to study their effects on the quality of the chicken sausage. Chicken meat, salt and sodium polyphosphate were used for preparation of the sausages. Firstly, the mushroom and soybean oil were mixed in a ratio of 1:1.5, replacing the fats of 25 %, 50 %, 75 % and 100 % respectively. Then, cooking yield, folding test, pH, color, and sensory evaluation were measured. The experimental results showed that when adding Flammulina velutipes and soybean oil, the cooking yield, pH, L* and b* value were increased; folding test values for the 75 % and 100 % experimental groups decreased; chicken sausage with 50% fat replacement had the highest sensory score. In summary, replacing 50% of the fat in chicken sausage with Flammulina velutipes and soybean oil was optimal. The addition of Flammulina velutipes and soybean oil increased the brightness and yellowness of the chicken sausages. The low addition of Flammulina velutipes and soybean oil decreased the redness of the sausage, which increased when Flammulina velutipes and soybean oil completely replaced the fat Flammulina velutipes and soybean oil compound is a promising fat substitute in the development of low-fat meat products.Πœβ€™ΡΡΠ½Ρ– ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΈ Π· низьким вмістом ΠΆΠΈΡ€Ρƒ Ρ” основними Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡ–Π΄ час Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Ρ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΊΠΈ м’ясних ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚Ρ–Π² для Π·Π΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ харчування. Π‘Π»Ρ–Π΄ Π·Π²Π΅Ρ€Π½ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈ ΡƒΠ²Π°Π³Ρƒ Π½Π° Ρ‚Π΅, Ρ‰ΠΎ Ρ‚Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΡ€ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…Ρ–Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΉ для Π΅ΠΌΡƒΠ»ΡŒΠ³ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ… м’ясних ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚Ρ–Π² для підвищСння ΡΡ‚Π°Π±Ρ–Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ–, смаку, Π²ΠΈΡ…ΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ Ρ‚Π° покращСння тСкстури. Π—Π³Ρ–Π΄Π½ΠΎ Π· дСякими дослідТСннями, сировина Π· низькою Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π³Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΡŽ Ρ†Ρ–Π½Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŽ Ρ‚Π° Π±Ρ–Π»ΡŒΡˆ корисні Ρ–Π½Π³Ρ€Π΅Π΄Ρ–Ρ”Π½Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ Π·Π°ΠΌΡ–Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈ частину Π°Π±ΠΎ вСсь ΠΆΠΈΡ€ Ρƒ Π΅ΠΌΡƒΠ»ΡŒΠ³ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ… м’ясних ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚Π°Ρ…. Π’Π°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΎ Π·Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈ, Ρ‰ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΡ– Π·Π°ΠΌΡ–Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΡ€Ρƒ, як рослинний Π±Ρ–Π»ΠΎΠΊ Ρ– ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π°Π³Π΅Π½Π°Π½, рослинна олія Ρ– рослинна ΠΊΠ»Ρ–Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π°, Ρ†Π΅Π»ΡŽΠ»ΠΎΠ·Π° Ρ– Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°, Π΄ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ суттєво ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‰ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΡΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†Ρ–ΡŽ Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚Ρƒ. ΠšΡ€Ρ–ΠΌ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π΄ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅Π±Π°Π³Π°Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ–Π½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ— Ρ‰ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎ використання Flammulina velutipes Ρ– соєвої ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Ρ— як Π°Π»ΡŒΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ… Π·Π°ΠΌΡ–Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΡ–Π² ΠΆΠΈΡ€Ρƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΈΡ†Ρ‚Π²Ρ– ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚Ρ–Π² Π· курячого м’яса. ΠšΡƒΡ€ΡΡ‡Ρ– сосиски Π±ΡƒΠ»ΠΈ об’єктом дослідТСння, Π° Flammulina velutipes Ρ– соєва олія Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡŒ як Π·Π°ΠΌΡ–Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΡ€Ρƒ. Для приготування сосисок використовували курячС м’ясо, ΡΡ–Π»ΡŒ Ρ– поліфосфат Π½Π°Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ–ΡŽ. Π‘ΡƒΠ»ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ²Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ² Ρ†ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ–Π² Π½Π° якісні ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ курячих сосисок. Π‘ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±Ρ–Π½ΡƒΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π³Ρ€ΠΈΠ±Π½Ρƒ сировину Ρ‚Π° соєву ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Ρ— Ρƒ ΡΠΏΡ–Π²Π²Ρ–Π΄Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ– 1:1,5, Π·Π°ΠΌΡ–Π½ΠΈΠ²ΡˆΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΡ€ΠΈ 25 %, 50 %, 75 % Ρ‚Π° 100 % Π²Ρ–Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ–Π΄Π½ΠΎ. ΠŸΠΎΡ‚Ρ–ΠΌ Π²ΠΈΠΌΡ–Ρ€ΡŽΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π²ΠΈΡ…Ρ–Π΄, тСкстурні ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, pH, ΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ–Ρ€ Ρ– сСнсорні ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ. Π•ΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ– Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ, Ρ‰ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π°Π½Π½Ρ– Flammulina velutipes Ρ– соєвої ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Ρ— Π·Π±Ρ–Π»ΡŒΡˆΡƒΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡŒ Π²ΠΈΡ…Ρ–Π΄, значСння рН, L* Ρ– b*; значСння тСкстурних ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΡ–Π² для 75 % Ρ– 100 % Π΅ΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… Π·Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΊΡ–Π² знизилися; курячі сосиски Π· 50 % Π·Π°ΠΌΡ–Π½ΠΎΡŽ ΠΆΠΈΡ€Ρƒ виявили Π½Π°ΠΉΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‰Ρ– сСнсорні ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ. Π—Π°Π³Π°Π»ΠΎΠΌ, Π·Π°ΠΌΡ–Π½Π° 50 % ΠΆΠΈΡ€Ρƒ Π² курячих сосисиках Π½Π° Flammulina velutipes Ρ– соєву ΠΎΠ»Ρ–ΡŽ Π±ΡƒΠ»Π° ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ. Додавання Flammulina velutipes Ρ– соєвої ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Ρ— посилило ΡΡΠΊΡ€Π°Π²Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ– ΠΆΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΈΠ·Π½Ρƒ курячих сосисок. НизькС додавання Flammulina velutipes Ρ– соєвої ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Ρ— змСншило почСрвоніння ковбаси, якС посилилося, ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈ Flammulina velutipes Ρ– соєва олія ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŽ Π·Π°ΠΌΡ–Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΡ€. Flammulina velutipes Ρ– соєва олія Ρ” пСрспСктивним Π·Π°ΠΌΡ–Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΠΈΡ€Ρƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Ρ†Ρ– Π½Π΅ΠΆΠΈΡ€Π½ΠΈΡ… м’ясних ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚Ρ–Π²

    Мягкая сила ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ инструмСнт Π³ΡƒΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ сотрудничСства государств Π½Π° Евразийском пространствС

    Get PDF
    The paper presents a new look at the mechanisms of soft power as used in socio-cultural integration in the Eurasian space. The ways the West uses soft power are compared to how Russia is applying these mechanisms in building the Eurasian Economic Union. The author outlines the main objectives to be pursued by Russia using the tools of soft power, as well as suggests how to improve the existing mechanisms of soft power in Ruusia. The author refers to a vast body of research on soft power as an instrument of statecraft in general as well as the specific features of Russia’s soft power.Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ прСдлагаСтся ΠΏΠΎ-Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Π²Π·Π³Π»ΡΠ½ΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ‹ мягкой силы с Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ зрСния Π΅Π΅ использования Π² аспСктС Π³ΡƒΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° Евразийском пространствС. Автором Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ основныС Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ РоссиСй с использованиСм инструмСнтов мягкой силы, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΡƒΡ‚ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² мягкой силы России

    Particle entrapment as a feedback effect

    Full text link
    We consider a suspension of polarizable particles under the action of traveling wave dielectrophoresis (DEP) and focus on particle induced effects. In a situation where the particles are driven by the DEP force, but no external forces are exerted on the fluid, the joint motion of the particles can induce a steady fluid flow, which leads to particle entrapment. This feedback effect is proven to be non-negligible even for small volume concentration of particles.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, submitte

    Lutetium oxide analysis by direct arc atomic emission spectrometry

    Full text link
    ΠžΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ Π»ΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ†ΠΈΡ являСтся пСрспСктивным сцинтилляционным ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΌ, оптичСскиС свойства ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΡΠΌΡƒΡŽ зависят ΠΎΡ‚ Π΅Π³ΠΎ примСсного состава. ВрСбования ΠΊ исходным оксидам, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ для выращивания кристаллов состава Lu2SiO5:Ce достаточно ТСсткиС: содСрТаниС основного вСщСства Lu2O3 – 99.999 % мас. ΠšΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ красящиС примСси: Fe, Ni, Cr, Co, Cu, V ΠΈ Mn, содСрТаниС ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 0.0005 – 0.0010 % мас., Pr, Nd, Sm, Er, Tb, Yb – Π½Π΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 0.0005 % мас. ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ содСрТниС Al, As, Bi, Cd, Ce, Dy Eu, Gd, Ho, La, Mg, Mo, Pb, Sb, Sc, Si, Sn, Tm. Ti, Zn, Y. Для опрСдСлСния примСсного состава оксида Π»ΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ†ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ· пСрспСктивных ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° являСтся дуговая Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΎ-эмиссионная спСктромСтрия. ΠŸΡ€Π΅ΠΈΠΌΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· химичСского состава Π±Π΅Π· ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π² раствор ΠΈ ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½ опрСдСляСмых ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ (10-6 – 10-1 % мас.). Для Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… аналитичСских возмоТностСй ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° исслСдованы ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ условия экспСримСнта: мСТэлСктродноС расстояниС, Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ° ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… элСктродов, ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ оксида Π»ΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ†ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€Π° (Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΎΠΊ), Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏ носитСлСй (соСдинСний, Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π½Π° испарСниС Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ²), Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΡ‹ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°. Для Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²Π° элСмСнтов ниТняя Π³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ†Π° Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π° опрСдСляСмых ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ находится Π² ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π²Π°Π»Π΅ nβˆ™10-6 – nβˆ™10-4 % мас., Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ Π² Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ… прямого Π΄ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΎ-эмиссионного Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°. ΠšΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ΅, осущСствлСн с использованиСм ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° масс-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° с ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ связанной ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠΎΠΉ. Благодаря Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ соврСмСнного ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ оборудования ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… срСдств, Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° оксида Π»ΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ†ΠΈΡ Π±Π΅Π· ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ растворСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹, с ΡƒΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ мСтрологичСскими показатСлями ΠΈ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΌ опрСдСляСмых примСсСй ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ со стандартизованной ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ.The requirements for the composition of initial oxides for the lutetium orthosilicate crystals are quite stringent: the content of the basic substance Lu2O3 is 99.999 wt%. Critical are coloring impurities: Fe, Ni, Cr, Co, Cu, V, Mn, the content of each should be no more than 0.0005 - 0.0010 wt%, Pr, Nd, Sm, Er, Tb, Yb no more than 0.0005 wt% for each one. It is also necessary to control the content of Al, As, Bi, Cd, Mg, Mo, Pb, Sb, Si, Sn, Ti, Zn, Y, La, Ce, Sc, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Tm. To determine the impurity composition of lutetium oxide, one of the promising methods of analysis is direct arc atomic emission spectroscopy (DC Arc). The advantages of this method are the determination of the chemical composition without sample dissolution, a wide range of concentrations (10-6 - 10-1% wt%), a large number of determined elements. To realize the potential analytical capabilities of the method, the experimental conditions were studied: the interelectrode distance, the shape and size of graphite electrodes, the ratio of Lu2O3 to the spectral buffer, the type of carriers and operating modes of the generator. For most elements, the limits of determination are n βˆ™ 10-6 - n βˆ™ 10-4 wt%, that is significantly lower than in the current methods of DC Arc. The trueness of results is controlled by ICP-MS. The complex application of new approaches and modern capabilities of spectral equipment made it possible to develop a method with improved metrological characteristics.ИсслСдованиС Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π·Π° счСт Π³Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‚Π° Российского Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ„ΠΎΠ½Π΄Π° (ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ β„– 20-13-00180). ИсслСдования ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡŒ с использованиСм оборудования ЦКП ЀМИ ИОНΠ₯ РАН.The study was supported by the grant from the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 20-13-00180). This research was performed using the equipment of the JRC PMR IGIC RAS
    • …
    corecore