Castleman's Disease Arising in the Cervical Region : A Case Report

Castleman's disease (CD) (angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia) is a rare lymphoproliferative disease of unknown etiology. On rare occasions it is the cause of a solitary neck mass. Definitive diagnosis and treatment is possible with complete surgical resection. This report describes a case of this disorder of the hyalinovascular type as a solitary neck mass in a 35- year-old woman. The patient was treated by surgical excision

CONGENITAL EPULIS

Congenital epulis is a rarely encountered pathology the majority of which originates from the gingival mucosa particularly the anterior portion of the maxillary alveolar arch A one day old neonate was brought with an oral mass disrupting nursing On examination a 3X2 cm spherical mass originating from the upper gingiva was found The mass was excised under local anesthesia and histopathologically diagnosed as congenital epulis During a follow up of 4 months no recurrence was found in the patient Congenital epulis has to be among the diagnoses considered initially in gingival masses in neonate

Kronični učinci ambijentalnoga dima iz biomase na histopatologiju pluća u ljudi: opis niza slučajeva

Biomass is widely used for fuel in developing countries. Particles and gases of biomass burning may cause changes in the lung. In this prospective study we investigated histopathological changes in the lungs of 42 non-smoking women [mean age (59±10) years] caused by biomass smoke. We valuated exposure to biomass smoke, case histories, and the findings of physical examination, radiology, bronchoscopy, and lung histopathology. Mean exposure to biomass smoke was (28±9) hour-year (1 hour-year equals 365 hours of exposure per year with average exposure of 1 hour a day). The radiological fi ndings were mass (42 %), reticulonodular opacities (31 %), mediastinal lymphadenopathy (26 %), pleuro-parenchymal fibrotic banding (19 %), widening of the pulmonary artery (14 %), ground glass (11 %), mosaic perfusion (9 %), consolidation (9 %), segmental or subsegmental atelectasis (7 %), and bronchiectasis (7 %). The patients were diagnosed with lung cancer (35 %), interstitial lung disease (31 %), sarcoidosis (9 %), tuberculosis (9 %), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (4 %), chronic bronchitis (9 %), and metastasis (4 %). Bronchoscopy showed pilies, oedema, erythema, bronchus narrowing, endobronchial tumour, mucosal irregularity, increased vascularisation, blue-black anthracotic plaques, mucosal oedema, and purulent secretion. Transbronchial biopsies revealed neutrophil and lymphocyte leucocytes in the perivascular, peribronchiolar, and interalveolar septa, slightly enlarged connective tissue, thickening of the basal membrane, thickening of interalveolar septa, intimal and medial thickening of the vascular wall and vascular lumen narrowing, anthracosis between the cells and in the bronchiole epithelium. These findings confirm that biomass smoke has important toxic effects on the lung parenchyma, interstitium, and pulmonary vessels that may result in malignancies.Biomasa se u mnogim zemljama u razvoju rabi za gorivo. Čestice i plinovi izgorene biomase mogu dovesti do plućnih promjena. Ovdje smo istražili histološke promjene u plućima ljudi uzrokovane biomasom. Ovo je prospektivno ispitivanje obuhvatilo 42 nepušačice izložene dimu iz biomase u kojih je ocijenjena izloženost dimu, uzeta povijest bolesti, napravljen fi zikalni pregled te analizirani radiološki, bronhoskopski i histopatološki nalazi. Srednja dob ispitanica bila je (59±10) godina. Srednja izloženost dimu iz biomase iznosila je (28±9) sati na godinu. Radiološki nalazi upozorili su na tumorsku tvorbu (u njih 42 %), retikulonodularna zasjenjenja (31 %), limfadenopatiju medijastinuma (26 %), fibrozne promjene pleure i plućnog parenhima (19 %), proširenje plućne arterije (14 %), sliku smrvljenog stakla (11 %), sliku mozaične perfuzije (9 %), konsolidacije (9 %), segmentnu i subsegmentnu atelektazu (7 %) te bronhijektazije (7 %). U njih 35 % dijagnosticiran je rak pluća, u 31 % bolesti plućnog intersticija, u 9 % sarkoidoza, u 9 % tuberkuloza, u 4 % KOPB, u 9 % kronični bronhitis te u 4 % metastaze. Bronhoskopija je pokazala pilije, edem, eritem, sužavanje bronhija, endobronhijalni tumor, neurednu sluznicu, izrazitiju vaskularizaciju, plavo-crne antrakotične plakove, otjecanje sluznice te purulentnu sekreciju. Transbronhijalnom biopsijom pronađeni su neutrofili i limfociti u perivaskularnom, peribronhiolarnom tkivu i interalveolarnim septumima, zadebljanje vezivnoga tkiva, zadebljanje bazalne membrane, zadebljanje interalveolarnih septuma, zadebljanja stijenke žila intimalno i medijalno te suženje njihova lumena, crna antrakoza između stanica te u epitelu bronhiola. Sve to upozorava na značajne promjene uzrokovane biomasom, koje obuhvaćaju zloćudne formacije uslijed toksičnoga djelovanja na plućni parenhim, intersticij i žile

Liquid Leachate Produced from Vermicompost Effects on Some Agronomic Attributes and Secondary Metabolites of Sweet Basil (<i>Ocimum basilicum</i> L.) Exposed to Severe Water Stress Conditions

Water stress is one of the most critical threats to the growth and productivity of plants and is one of the most studied topics in agricultural sciences. In order to enhance the tolerance of plants to water stress conditions, synthetic fertilizers have been widely used in the field. However, due to their toxic effects, recent reports have focused on organic options. In this study, the effects of liquid vermicompost applications (25, 50, 75, and 100%) on the agronomic attributes, phenolic compounds, and essential oil compounds of basil plants exposed to drought stress conditions were investigated. Accordingly, water stress critically reduced the factors of plant height, plant fresh weight, root fresh weight, leaf length, and leaf diameter. On the other hand, vermicompost applications significantly affected all of the parameters considered, except the leaf length of well-watered basil plants. However, a two-way ANOVA analysis revealed that the interactions of water stress and vermicompost were significant on root length and root fresh weight. Regarding the essential oil compounds, the contents of humulene, anethol, eucalyptol, estragole, bisabolene, germacrene, and caryophyllene were quantified. Estragole was determined as a major component by 85–90%. The results revealed that the highest estragole content was determined in the 25% vermicompost + water stress, water stress, and control groups. Of the major phenolic compounds, caffeic acid decreased as a result of water stress conditions but increased with vermicompost treatments. The rosmarinic acid content increased during water stress conditions, attaining the highest content at 25% via the vermicompost and water stress interaction. In general, the 25% and 50% vermicompost applications increased the content of phenolic compounds in plants under either well-watered or stress conditions

Effects of lornoxicam and intravenous ibuprofen on erythrocyte deformability and hepatic and renal blood flow in rats

Arslan, Mustafa/0000-0003-4882-5063; AYDIN, Muhammed Enes/0000-0001-8491-6566WOS: 000380738100001PubMed: 27536068Background: Change in blood supply is held responsible for anesthesia-related abnormal tissue and organ perfusion. Decreased erythrocyte deformability and increased aggregation may be detected after surgery performed under general anesthesia. It was shown that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs decrease erythrocyte deformability. Lornoxicam and/or intravenous (iv) ibuprofen are commonly preferred analgesic agents for postoperative pain management. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of lornoxicam (2 mg/kg, iv) and ibuprofen (30 mg/kg, iv) on erythrocyte deformability, as well as hepatic and renal blood flows, in male rats. Methods: Eighteen male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into three groups as follows: iv lornoxicam-treated group (Group L), iv ibuprofen-treated group (Group I), and control group (Group C). Drug administration was carried out by the iv route in all groups except Group C. Hepatic and renal blood flows were studied by laser Doppler, and euthanasia was performed via intra-abdominal blood uptake. Erythrocyte deformability was measured using a constant-flow filtrometry system. Results: Lornoxicam and ibuprofen increased the relative resistance, which is an indicator of erythrocyte deformability, of rats (P=0.016). Comparison of the results from Group L and Group I revealed no statistically significant differences (P=0.694), although the erythrocyte deformability levels in Group L and Group I were statistically higher than the results observed in Group C (P=0.018 and P=0.008, respectively). Hepatic and renal blood flows were significantly lower than the same in Group C. Conclusion: We believe that lornoxicam and ibuprofen may lead to functional disorders related to renal and liver tissue perfusion secondary to both decreased blood flow and erythrocyte deformability. Further studies regarding these issues are thought to be essential.Gazi University Scientific Research Committee [01/2016-3]This study was supported by a grant from the Gazi University Scientific Research Committee (number 01/2016-3)

Aged Garlic Extract Attenuates Neuronal Injury in a Rat Model of Spinal Cord Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

Sargon, Mustafa Fevzi/0000-0001-6360-6008WOS: 000377433000011PubMed: 27183321Garlic has been used as a food as well as a component of traditional medicine. Aged garlic extract (AGE) is claimed to promote human health through antioxidant/anti-inflammatory activities with neuroprotective effects. We evaluated the possible beneficial effect of AGE neurologically, pathologically, ultrastructurally, and biochemically in a spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) model of rats. Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: sham (no I/R), I/R, and AGE (I/R+AGE); each group consisted of eight animals. Animals were evaluated neurologically with the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) scoring system. The spinal cord tissue samples were harvested for pathological and ultrastructural examinations. Oxidative products (Malondialdehyde, nitric oxide), antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase), inflammatory cytokines (tissue tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1), and caspase-3 activity were analyzed. The AGE group had significantly higher BBB scores than the I/R group. Pathologically, AGE group revealed reduced degree of ischemia and spinal cord edema. Ultrastructural results also showed preservation of tissue structure in the AGE group. Oxidative product levels of the I/R group were significantly higher than both the other groups, and antioxidant enzyme levels of AGE group were significantly higher than the I/R group. There was also significant difference between the sham and AGE groups in terms of total antioxidant enzyme levels. Furthermore, AGE treatment significantly reduced the inflammatory cytokines and caspase-3 activity than the I/R group. This study demonstrates the considerable neuroprotective effect of AGE on the neurological, pathological, ultrastructural, and biochemical status of rats with I/R-induced spinal cord injury