Intelligent dynamic street lighting and perceived personal safety

No abstract

Accelerating the estimation of 3D spatially resolved T2 distributions.

Obtaining quantitative, 3D spatially-resolved T2 distributions (T2 maps) from magnetic resonance data is of importance in both medical and porous media applications. Due to the long acquisition time, there is considerable interest in accelerating the experiments by applying undersampling schemes during the acquisition and developing reconstruction techniques for obtaining the 3D T2 maps from the undersampled data. A multi-echo spin echo pulse sequence is used in this work to acquire the undersampled data according to two different sampling patterns: a conventional coherent sampling pattern where the same set of lines in k-space is sampled for all equally-spaced echoes in the echo train, and a proposed incoherent sampling pattern where an independent set of k-space lines is sampled for each echo. The conventional reconstruction technique of total variation regularization is compared to the more recent techniques of nuclear norm regularization and Nuclear Total Generalized Variation (NTGV) regularization. It is shown that best reconstructions are obtained when the data acquired using an incoherent sampling scheme are processed using NTGV regularization. Using an incoherent sampling pattern and NTGV regularization as the reconstruction technique, quantitative results are obtained at sampling percentages as low as 3.1% of k-space, corresponding to a 32-fold decrease in the acquisition time, compared to a fully sampled dataset

Light, alertness, and alerting effects of white light:A literature overview

Light is known to elicit non-image-forming responses, such as effects on alertness. This has been reported especially during light exposure at night. Nighttime results might not be translatable to the day. This article aims to provide an overview of (1) neural mechanisms regulating alertness, (2) ways of measuring and quantifying alertness, and (3) the current literature specifically regarding effects of different intensities of white light on various measures and correlates of alertness during the daytime. In general, the present literature provides inconclusive results on alerting effects of the intensity of white light during daytime, particularly for objective measures and correlates of alertness. However, the various research paradigms employed in earlier studies differed substantially, and most studies tested only a limited set of lighting conditions. Therefore, the alerting potential of exposure to more intense white light should be investigated in a systematic, dose-dependent manner with multiple correlates of alertness and within one experimental paradigm over the course of day

Parsing and reflective printing, bidirectionally

Language designers usually need to implement parsers and printers. Despite being two intimately related programs, in practice they are often designed separately, and then need to be revised and kept consistent as the language evolves. It will be more convenient if the parser and printer can be unified and developed in one single program, with their consistency guaranteed automatically.Furthermore, in certain scenarios (like showing compiler optimisation results to the programmer), it is desirable to have a more powerful reflective printer that, when an abstract syntax tree corresponding to a piece of program text is modified, can reflect the modification to the program text while preserving layouts, comments, and syntactic sugar.To address these needs, we propose a domain-specific language BIYACC, whose programs denote both a parser and a reflective printer for an unambiguous context-free grammar. BIYACC is based on the theory of bidirectional transformations, which helps to guarantee by construction that the pairs of parsers and reflective printers generated by BIYACC are consistent. We show that BIYACC is capable of facilitating many tasks such as Pombrio and Krishnamurthi's "resugaring", simple refactoring, and language evolution.We would like to thank reviewers for their valuable comments. This work was partially supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A) No. 25240009

Record RF performance of standard 90 nm CMOS technology

We have optimized 3 key RF devices realized in standard logic 90 nm CMOS technology and report a record performance in terms of n-MOS maximum oscillation frequency f/sub max/ (280 GHz), varactor tuning range and varactor and inductor quality factor

Under-sampling and compressed sensing of 3D spatially-resolved displacement propagators in porous media using APGSTE-RARE MRI.

A method for under-sampling and compressed sensing of 3D spatially-resolved propagators is presented and demonstrated for flow in a packed bed and a heterogeneous carbonate rock. By sampling only 12.5% of q,k-space, the experimental acquisition time was reduced by almost an order of magnitude. In particular, for both systems studied, a 3D image was acquired at 1 mm isotropic spatial resolution such that 134,400 local propagators were obtained. Data were acquired in ~1 h and ~11 h for the packed bed and rock, respectively. It is shown that spatial resolution and under-sampling using this implementation retains the quantitative nature of the propagator measurement, and differences between implementation of this measurement in two and three dimensions are identified. The potential for 3D spatially-resolved propagators to provide new insights into transport processes in porous media by characterisation of the statistical moments of the propagators is discussed

The RNA Helicase DDX6 Controls Cellular Plasticity by Modulating P-Body Homeostasis

Post-transcriptional mechanisms have the potential to influence complex changes in gene expression, yet their role in cell fate transitions remains largely unexplored. Here, we show that suppression of the RNA helicase DDX6 endows human and mouse primed embryonic stem cells (ESCs) with a differentiation-resistant, “hyper-pluripotent” state, which readily reprograms to a naive state resembling the preimplantation embryo. We further demonstrate that DDX6 plays a key role in adult progenitors where it controls the balance between self-renewal and differentiation in a context-dependent manner. Mechanistically, DDX6 mediates the translational suppression of target mRNAs in P-bodies. Upon loss of DDX6 activity, P-bodies dissolve and release mRNAs encoding fate-instructive transcription and chromatin factors that re-enter the ribosome pool. Increased translation of these targets impacts cell fate by rewiring the enhancer, heterochromatin, and DNA methylation landscapes of undifferentiated cell types. Collectively, our data establish a link between P-body homeostasis, chromatin organization, and stem cell potency