302 research outputs found

    Modular Complexity Analysis for Term Rewriting

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    All current investigations to analyze the derivational complexity of term rewrite systems are based on a single termination method, possibly preceded by transformations. However, the exclusive use of direct criteria is problematic due to their restricted power. To overcome this limitation the article introduces a modular framework which allows to infer (polynomial) upper bounds on the complexity of term rewrite systems by combining different criteria. Since the fundamental idea is based on relative rewriting, we study how matrix interpretations and match-bounds can be used and extended to measure complexity for relative rewriting, respectively. The modular framework is proved strictly more powerful than the conventional setting. Furthermore, the results have been implemented and experiments show significant gains in power.Comment: 33 pages; Special issue of RTA 201

    Re-thinking official educational organization towards friction-zones between divergent knowledges

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    In this article, I re-think official educational organization toward friction-zones. Thinking with a swimming event in physical education, and Deleuze’s notion of pure difference and its accompanying characteristics, non-linearity, decentralization, pluralistic knowledge, virtual and actual multiplicities, nomadic waiting, and open ends, I outline conditions for official educational organization in the encounter between divergent knowledges. The aim is to bring teachers and students closer to each other and paradoxically let up-coming concepts, meanings, and ideas act instead of silence everything that is not in line with predefined educational goals. It is to create common histories of learning and knowledge productions, and hence to produce common grounds in/by motion. Ultimately, it is about inclusive processes in/by motion. And, it is also a call for us all to pay attention and resist unintentional productions of exclusion, and thus all colonizing processes that includes superior knowledge.publishedVersio

    Koolide liikumisprogramm: sotsiaalsed praktikad ja eneseesitus

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    Uurisin oma magistritöös, mis kannab pealkirja „Koolide liikumisprogramm: sotsiaalsed praktikad ja eneseesitus“, sotsiaalse muutuse programmi nimega Liikuma Kutsuv Kool. TĂ€napĂ€eva laste vĂ€hene fĂŒĂŒsiline aktiivsus on keerukas probleem, mille lahendusvĂ”imalust nĂ€hakse seniste liikumispraktikate muutmises. Minu analĂŒĂŒsitud sekkumisprogramm on vĂ”tnud sihiks praktikate muutuse koolikeskkonnas. 2016. aastal alustanud programm piloteerib kĂŒmnes koolis, katsetades erinevaid liikumisaktiivsust soodustavaid sekkumismetoodikaid, toetades ja koolitades koolide meeskondi, juhtkondi, klassiĂ”petajaid ja Ă”pilasi, pakkudes koolidele nĂ”ustamist ning spordi- ja mĂ€nguvahendeid. Programmi eesmĂ€rk on muuta pilootkoolides koolikultuuri nii, et see hakkaks soosima paremaid liikumispraktikaid, ning laieneda seejĂ€rel ka teistesse Eesti koolidesse. Oma töös olen tegelenud nelja kĂŒsimusega: (1) Millised on liikumisaktiivsust soodustavate sekkumiste rĂ”huasetused ja senised praktikamuutused? (2) Kes on sekkumisega seotud praktikate olulisemad osapooled? (3) Kuidas toimib vĂ”rgustik sotsiaalse muutuse toetajana? (4) Milline on eneseesituse roll sekkumisprogrammis? Esimesed kolm uurimiskĂŒsimust kaardistavad sekkumisprogrammi tegevustest moodustuvat “vĂ€lja”, tuginedes peamiselt sotsiaalsete praktikate teooriale. Neljas uurimiskĂŒsimus analĂŒĂŒsib seda vĂ€lja, inspireerituna sotsioloog Erving Goffmani loodud eneseesituse-teooriast ning sotsiaalset interaktsiooni organiseerivatest dramaturgilistest printsiipidest. Töös olen analĂŒĂŒsinud ĂŒpriski mahukat andmevaramut, kus leidub eri meetodeil kogutud andmeid alates isiklikest uurimispĂ€evikutest ja vaatlusraportitest kuni erinevate dokumentide ja kĂŒsimustikeni. Tööst jĂ€reldub, et programm on edukalt sekkunud kĂŒmne ĂŒpris erinevate eeltingimustega kooli toimimisse. Iga kool on moodustanud meeskonna, kes toetudes sekkumisprogrammi soovitustele on teinud suhteliselt autonoomsed otsused, millised uued praktikad koolis kasutusele vĂ”tta ja milliseid olemasolevaid praktikaid teisendada, samuti valinud vahendid, mille abil muutusi teostada. SĂ”ltuvalt kooli eeltingimustest ja meeskonna senistest tegevusest on igas koolis toimunud muutused liikumispraktikate sotsiomateriaalses vĂ”rgustikus. EelkĂ”ige on muutusi tunda kooliruumis: koridorides on rohkem 94 pingpongilaudu, vĂ”imlauksed on avatud ja vanemad ei sĂ”ida autodega enam treppi. Hoiakute, arusaamade ja teiste tĂ€hendustega seotud muutusi on koolikeskkonnas esmapilgul raskem mĂ€rgata, kuid minu analĂŒĂŒs osutab, et programm on kaasa toonud nihke selles, milliste praktikatega vahetundi seostatakse. Koos uute tĂ€hendustega on tekkinud ka hulk uusi oskusi, alates Ă”pilaste oskusest mĂ€ngida kitsas koridoris sulgpalli kuni Ă”petajate oskuseni see koridor muretult lĂ€bida. Ülaltoodud muutused puudutavad pea kĂ”iki osapooli. Sekkumisprogramm on taganud kompleksse vĂ”rgustikulise tegevuse, kus on ĂŒhendatud erineva tausta ja vĂ”imekustega organisatsioonidest moodustunud koalitsioon, projektimeeskond ning pilootkoolide esindajad. See vĂ”rgustik toetab pilootkoolide meeskondi nii inspiratsiooni, normide ĂŒmberkujundamise kui argise eeskujuga. SeetĂ”ttu on vĂ”rgustikune tegevus programmis osalt toimima hakanud kui sotsiaalsete muutuste kiirendi. Liikuma Kutsuv Kool on sekkumise katselava, mille toimimises on mĂ”jurina ilmnenud ka eneseesitus. Uute praktikate loomine koolis, nende kohandumine, toimivate praktikate muutmine, vĂ”rgustikutegevus, koolis toimuvate tegevuste tutvustamine vĂ”i raporteerimine ning programmimeeskonna enesegi tegevus eeldavad kommunikatiivseid tegevusi, mille oluliseks aspektiks on sageli eneseesitus. Sotsiaalse muutuse programmi jaoks on tĂ”husam selline eneseesitus, mis nĂ€itab koolikeskkonna argielu, selles tehtud katsetusi, tĂ€henduslikke hetki muutuste protsessis ja laseb vaatajal ka tegevustest osa saada.http://hdl.handle.net/10062/5686

    Is it possible to think physical education forward and dismantle ourselves - in a quantum space?

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    This paper invites readers to an encounter of novel learning in the school subject physical education, and specifically swimming training. In collaboration with Deleuze’s immanent philosophy and creative observations in a case-assemblage, I speculate about productive experiences and educational events as movements toward physical activation, higher education, and the dissolution of health inequalities. Troubling situations of a standardized model of swimming training is combined with a quantum space where multiple divergent ideas, forces, and feelings interact and produce unforeseen learnings, values, and qualities. Frictions between segmented spaces and quantum spaces orient/reorient the student’s/swimming instructor’s/my/your? learning, values, and qualities. Finally, I emphasize quantum spaces as the heart of educational movement and the importance of creating open educational systems to perhaps think physical education forward.publishedVersio

    Lauri Sommeri omamĂŒtoloogia „RĂ€estu raamatu” ja „Sealpool sood” nĂ€itel

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    Bakalaureusetöös vaadeldakse, kuidas avaldub Lauri Sommeri omamĂŒtoloogia tema kahes omaeluloolises proosateoses “RĂ€estu raamat” (2012) ja “Sealpool sood” (2014). Uurimuse eesmĂ€rgiks on selgitada, et Sommeri jutustused rÀÀgivad inimestest ja kohtadest, kuid samas ka temast endast. Sellest, kuidas autor on teksti subjektidest kirjutanud, ilmneb ka midagi, mis on Sommerile ainuomane, kuid mida vĂ”ib tema vaatepunkti jĂ€rgi pidada ĂŒldinimlikuks. Jutustused inimestest ja kohtadest moodustavad terviku, mida nimetatakse kĂ€esolevas bakalaureusetöös omamĂŒtoloogiaks

    Generic Encodings of Constructor Rewriting Systems

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    Rewriting is a formalism widely used in computer science and mathematical logic. The classical formalism has been extended, in the context of functional languages, with an order over the rules and, in the context of rewrite based languages, with the negation over patterns. We propose in this paper a concise and clear algorithm computing the difference over patterns which can be used to define generic encodings of constructor term rewriting systems with negation and order into classical term rewriting systems. As a direct consequence, established methods used for term rewriting systems can be applied to analyze properties of the extended systems. The approach can also be seen as a generic compiler which targets any language providing basic pattern matching primitives. The formalism provides also a new method for deciding if a set of patterns subsumes a given pattern and thus, for checking the presence of useless patterns or the completeness of a set of patterns.Comment: Added appendix with proofs and extended example

    Modular Complexity Analysis for Term Rewriting

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    Cops and CoCoWeb: Infrastructure for Confluence Tools

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    In this paper we describe the infrastructure supporting confluence tools and competitions: Cops, the confluence problems database, and CoCoWeb, a convenient web interface for tools that participate in the annual confluence competition

    6,6â€Č-Dihydr­oxy-3,3â€Č-dithio­dibenzoic acid

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    In the title compound, C14H10O6S2, the dihedral angle between the planes of the two phenyl­ene rings is 55.9 (1)°. Both hydr­oxy groups form intra­molecular hydrogen bonds; however, one of them also engages in inter­molecular hydrogen bonding. In the crystal, mol­ecules are connected into helical chains by O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The crystal studied was an inversion twin with a domain ratio of 0.51 (13):0.49 (13)
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