Involute spiral face couplings and gears: design approach and manufacturing technique

This paper presents spiral face gears with an involute tooth line and an identical tooth profile in the normal section at any radius. There are two main applications for such face gears. One of them is an alternative solution with certain advantages in performance and fabrication technology to the straight tooth, Hirth, or Curvic flange couplings. Another application is when a face gear is engaged with an involute helical pinion or worm at intersecting or crossed axes. Potential advantages of spiral face couplings and gears include high power transmission density and highly productive machining of face spiral gears. The paper describes gear geometry analysis, and design technique of spiral face involute gears with symmetric and asymmetric tooth profiles. It also explains a hobbing method of these gears and tool design specifics, and then illustrates gear and tool design with numerical examples.У даній роботі представлена спіралеподібні шестерні з эвольвентным зубом лінії і однаковим профілем зуба в нормальному перерізі на будь-якому радіусі. Існують дві основні області застосування таких форм шестерень. Один з них являє собою альтернативне рішення з певними перевагами в продуктивності і технології виготовлення з прямим зубом. Інший додаток, коли форма шестерні з евольвентної косозубой шестірнею або черв'яком на пересічних осях. Потенційні переваги спіральних муфт і шестерень забезпечує високу потужність передачі крутного моменту поряд з високопродуктивною обробкою. У статті описується геометричний аналіз проектування шестерен та методика проектування спіральних форм евольвентних зубчастих коліс із симетричним і несиметричним профілями зубів. Запропонований технологічний спосіб зубофрезеровання шестерень, розглянуто особливості конструкції та розрахунок інструменту

TREATMENT WITH TAMSULOSIN IN PATIENTS WITH DISTAL URETERAL CALCULI

Background: Symptomatic ureteral calculi are one of the most important issues in urologist emergency clinical settings. Spontaneous passage of distal ureteral calculi is usually achieved with good hydration and spasmoanalgetic drugs. alpha-blocker therapy may facilitate and accelerate the spontaneous passage of ureteral stones.Patients and methodsIn retrospective study we analyzed patients with renal colic admitted to our department in 2006. All of them had clinical examination, urine and blood analysis, plain radiography (number, size and location of radiopaque calculi) and intravenous pyelography (kidney function and morphology). All patients with distal ureteral calcus were treated with spasmoanalgetics and with or without alpha-adrenergic antagonist tamsulosin. We analyzed eventual spontaneous passage of the calculi, additional procedures (splints, ureterorenoscopy, open procedures, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)). We used Student's t-test for statistical analysis.Results48 from 72 patients had urinary calculus. 35 (73 %) of them had calculus in the distal part of ureter. 17 (49 %) of 35 patients with distal ureteral calculus were treated with tamsulosin and in all (100 %) spontaneous stone passage was observed. 18 (51 %) patients were not treated with tamsulosin and spontaneous passage was observed in 18 (65 %) patients (p = 0.000).ConclusionsTamsulosin therapy promotes expulsion of ureteral stones

Dressed for Transport: Men and Women on the Move

Constance Korosec writes on the changes in women’s fashion at the turn of the 20th century prompted by increased popularity of sports, the rise of ready-made clothing industries, and increasingly varied modes of transportation. Conference paper; originally published in Western Reserve Studies Symposium (12th:1997 : Cleveland, Ohio

Employers Beware: The I-9 Form: Verifying Identity and Identity Documents in the Employment Context

Verification of identity has taken on new importance in a post 9/11 environment. This article discusses employers\u27 obligation to verify the identification of their employees and the technical problems with identity verification employers face under current approaches. Attempts by the government to resolve these issues will meet resistance from both privacy advocates and liberty defenders. Understanding the issues with the current state of documentation of identity will enable employers to make more informed decisions about who they are hiring, particularly if the analysis is completed prior to the hiring decision. For the time being, the 1-9 form and associated process will serve little preventative value for an organization, other than enabling it to escape liability with a defense to the situation of actually employing an unauthorized worker

Legal Ethics and the Poverty Program

This paper has attempted to reconcile the neighborhood legal services plan with the existing Canons of Professional Ethics.The prime argument is that the plan provides benefits to society, and that the Canons were designed to prevent evils far different from the questions presented by the project. This is the fundamental issue: whether the canons are merely bent, or, in reality, broken. In either event, the canons should not prevent justice for those too poor to pay for a lawyer. The redeeming social interest spoken of by the Court in obscenity cases and the overriding social importance talked about in social legislation are phrases which are very apt in this context. If bent, the Canons should stand with that permanent crook so as to aid the indigent. If broken, the canons should be revised to fit current needs and modern situations, not to shut out the poor in their quest for the justice which is promised to every individual under the system of law in our nation

A case study of change facilitators for technology-enhanced learning in relation to one university’s strategic intent

Research into implementing change related to technology-enhanced learning in higher education includes researching the contributions and strategic action of individuals within an institution. Institutions may produce a structured strategic plan or a framework of strategic intent to accommodate changes in the higher education sector and opportunities for transforming learning and teaching through technology-enhanced learning tools and resources. Change facilitators are individuals in formal as well as informal positions within an institution who assume different levels of strategic action depending on their role and their self-identification as a facilitator of change. In this case study of a single university in England, the perceptions, concerns, and practices of academic and support staff who were functioning both formally and informally as facilitators of technology-related change are explored. A sequential, mixed-methods research approach was adopted. An online questionnaire measuring change facilitators’ levels of concern, including 35 pre-defined questions, categorical questions and open text questions, was disseminated to a purposive sample followed by semi-structured interviews with individuals who all identified themselves as facilitators of technology-related change. The discussion highlights strategic dissonance and sensemaking practices emerging from this study as well as the lack of patterns of concerns across change facilitator roles. Strategic dissonance was identified between the explicit strategic plan and the implicit, de facto, strategic intent as expressed through institutional structure in the Case Study University. Sensemaking practices served as a heuristic for addressing wicked problems of technology-enhanced learning transience. The recommendations of this research supports higher education institutions in establishing more effective links between innovative facilitators of technology-enhanced learning and structured support within a framework of strategic intent

Private Dispute Resolution in the Card Context: Structure, Reputation, and Incentives

Explosive growth in credit, debit, and other card payment systems in recent years has produced a parallel growth in private dispute resolution systems based on the web of contracts entered into by merchants, merchant acquirers, consumers, card issuers, card associations, and transaction processors. These contracts have produced legal systems based on contract and the enforcement of which rests primarily on reputational constraints. To cost-effectively resolve disputes, these private legal systems have evolved innovative procedures using resources at the lowest-possible level, including incentive-payments for producing information and rigid deadlines for parties\u27 actions. This paper describes and analyzes these legal systems and their procedures as a potential model for resolving other categories of disputes

Private Dispute Resolution in the Card Context: Structure, Reputation, and Incentives

Explosive growth in credit, debit, and other card payment systems in recent years has produced a parallel growth in private dispute resolution systems based on the web of contracts entered into by merchants, merchant acquirers, consumers, card issuers, card associations, and transaction processors. These contracts have produced legal systems based on contract and the enforcement of which rests primarily on reputational constraints. To cost-effectively resolve disputes, these private legal systems have evolved innovative procedures using resources at the lowest-possible level, including incentive-payments for producing information and rigid deadlines for parties\u27 actions. This paper describes and analyzes these legal systems and their procedures as a potential model for resolving other categories of disputes