Acesso das pequenas empresas russas aos mercados de contratos públicos: análise de dados

The aim of this study was to assess the current extent of participation by Russian small enterprises in regional public procurement. We discussed how legislation affects the volume of contracts awarded to small enterprises. We calculated the number of contracts per 100 small enterprises, how much the number and value of such contracts account for in the total number and value of contracts concluded with all suppliers per region, as well as what is the average value of contracts per small enterprise and the average value of one such contract. In order to ensure benchmarking for enterprises located in different regions, such enterprises were assessed on the basis of relative indicators. This study used official statistics accumulated with regard to all public procurement in the regions. The data on the number of contracts and their value for the period from 2010 to 2014 were used. For the purposes of empirical data analysis, the normal distribution probability density functions set for all the indicators in question were used. The findings of this study and the tools used for assessing the extent of participation by small enterprises in public procurement can be used when researching entrepreneurship, as well as to justify the contract system development programs in Russia. Such information is important for entrepreneurs, as it enables them to assess the feasibility and consequences of participation in public procurement.El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el grado actual de participación de las pequeñas empresas rusas en la contratación pública regional. Discutimos cómo la legislación afecta el volumen de contratos adjudicados a pequeñas empresas. Calculamos el número de contratos por cada 100 pequeñas empresas, cuánto representan el número y el valor de dichos contratos en el número y el valor total de los contratos celebrados con todos los proveedores por región, así como también cuál es el valor promedio de los contratos por cada pequeña empresa y el valor promedio de uno de esos contratos. Con el fin de garantizar la evaluación comparativa para las empresas ubicadas en diferentes regiones, dichas empresas se evaluaron sobre la base de indicadores relativos. Este estudio utilizó estadísticas oficiales acumuladas con respecto a todas las contrataciones públicas en las regiones. Se utilizaron los datos sobre el número de contratos y su valor para el período de 2010 a 2014. A los efectos del análisis de datos empíricos, se utilizaron las funciones de densidad de probabilidad de distribución normal establecidas para todos los indicadores en cuestión. Las conclusiones de este estudio y las herramientas utilizadas para evaluar el grado de participación de las pequeñas empresas en la contratación pública se pueden utilizar al investigar el espíritu empresarial, así como para justificar los programas de desarrollo de sistemas contractuales en Rusia. Dicha información es importante para los empresarios, ya que les permite evaluar la viabilidad y las consecuencias de la participación en la contratación pública.O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o atual grau de participação das pequenas empresas russas nas compras públicas regionais. Discutimos como a legislação afeta o volume de contratos concedidos a pequenas empresas. Nós calculamos o número de contratos por 100 pequenas empresas, que representam o número eo valor desses contratos no número total eo valor total dos contratos com todos os fornecedores por região, bem como o que o valor médio de contratos para cada empresa de pequeno porte e o valor médio de um desses contratos. Para garantir benchmarking para empresas localizadas em diferentes regiões, essas empresas foram avaliadas com base em indicadores relativos. Este estudo utilizou estatísticas oficiais acumuladas em relação a todas as compras públicas nas regiões. Foram utilizados os dados sobre o número de contratos e seu valor para o período de 2010 a 2014. Para fins de análise empírica dos dados, foram utilizadas as funções de densidade de probabilidade de distribuição normal estabelecidas para todos os indicadores em questão. As conclusões deste estudo e os instrumentos utilizados para avaliar o grau de participação das pequenas empresas nos contratos públicos podem ser utilizados na investigação do empreendedorismo, bem como para justificar os programas de desenvolvimento de sistemas contratuais na Rússia. Esta informação é importante para os empresários, pois permite avaliar a viabilidade e as consequências da participação em contratos públicos

Pilot project of measuring and computing system for mesoscale monitoring of atmospheric boundary layer

Conception of design of measuring and computing system for monitoring atmospheric boundary layer is proposed. The system includes: stationary measuring complex consisting of four multiple-elevation ultrasonic weather stations and mobile measuring complex consisting of transportable weather station, touch probing system of weather data profile based on unmanned aerial vehicle and also Raman scattering gas analyzer, and new modification mercury gas analyzer. © (2015) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only

Experimental study of direct photon emission in K- --> pi- pi0 gamma decay using ISTRA+ detector

The branching ratio in the charged-pion kinetic energy region of 55 to 90 MeV for the direct photon emission in the K- --> pi- pi0 gamma decay has been measured using in-flight decays detected with the ISTRA+ setup operating in the 25 GeV/c negative secondary beam of the U-70 PS. The value Br(DE)=[0.37+-0.39(stat)+-0.10(syst)]*10^(-5) obtained from the analysis of 930 completely reconstructed events is consistent with the average value of two stopped-kaon experiments, but it differs by 2.5 standard deviations from the average value of three in-flight-kaon experiments. The result is also compared with recent theoretical predictions.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figure

Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles for complex targeted delivery and boron neutron capture therapy

Magnetic Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles (NPs) and their surface modification with therapeutic substances are of great interest, especially drug delivery for cancer therapy, including boron-neutron capture therapy (BNCT). In this paper, we present the results of boron-rich compound (carborane borate) attachment to previously aminated by (3-aminopropyl)-trimethoxysilane (APTMS) iron oxide NPs. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with Attenuated total reflectance accessory (ATR-FTIR) and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis confirmed the change of the element content of NPs after modification and formation of new bonds between Fe3O4 NPs and the attached molecules. Transmission (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed Fe3O4 NPs’ average size of 18.9 nm. Phase parameters were studied by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the magnetic behavior of Fe 3 O 4 NPs was elucidated by Mössbauer spectroscopy. The colloidal and chemical stability of NPs was studied using simulated body fluid (phosphate buffer-PBS). Modified NPs have shown excellent stability in PBS (pH = 7.4), characterized by XRD, Mössbauer spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Biocompatibility was evaluated in-vitro using cultured mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). The results show us an increasing of IC50 from 0.110 mg/mL for Fe 3 O 4 NPs to 0.405 mg/mL for Fe 3 O 4 -Carborane NPs. The obtained data confirm the biocompatibility and stability of synthesized NPs and the potential to use them in BNCT. © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Funding: This study was funded by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan (grant No AP05130947 “Setting the stage for boron neutron capture therapy of cancer in the Republic of Kazakhstan”) and Nazarbayev University “Social Policy Grant” (project title: “Research and development of the new Nano-Optical Sensor based on Polymer Optical Fiber for Near-Field Scanning Optical Microscopy”, PI: Kanat Dukenbayev). The authors also gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation in the framework of Increase Competitiveness Program of NUST «MISiS» (NoK4-2018-036, P02-2017-2-4), implemented by a governmental degree dated 16th of March 2013, No 211. The work was partially supported by Act 211 Government of the Russian Federation, contract No 02.A03.21.0011. This work was partially supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (Government task in SUSU 5.5523.2017/8.9)

Electroplastic Effect at Tension in Aluminum

In work on technically pure quartered aluminum, the features of deformation behavior are studied under growing and simultaneous exposure to single current pulses of high density. It was found that at a reduced voltage of 50–80 MPa, caused by the electroplastic effect, with a slight increase in the temperature of the sample.В работе на технически чистом нагартованном алюминии исследуются особенности деформационного поведения при растяжении и одновременном воздействии одиночными импульсами тока высокой плотности. Обнаружено, что скачок напряжения с амплитудой 50–80 МПа при незначительном повышении температуры образца вызван электропластическим эффектом

MONITORING COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE OF MOCVD ZrO2-BASED MULTICOMPONENT FILMS BY INNOVATIVE MIXED METAL-ORGANIC PRECURSORS

Three volatile mixed-metal precursors [ZrL4Pb(hfa)2] (1), [ZrL4PbL2] (2), and [ZrL4La(dpm)3] (3) (L = 2-methoxy-2,6,6-trimethyl-3,5-heptanedionate; dpm = 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionate; hfa = 1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluore-2,4-pentanedionate) are used to prepare ZrO2-based multicomponent films by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). The deposition experiments are carried out in a hot-wall reactor at 600-750 °C on silicon substrates under 20 Torr in the presence of oxygen. According to X-ray powder diffraction, the main crystal phases in the films prepared from precursors 1 and 2 are solid solutions based on tetragonal and cubic ZrO2. Lead does not form separate crystal phases but is dissolved in the oxide form within the ZrO2 matrix, as is indicated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data. La2Zr2O7 films are prepared from 3 using two ways of precursor supply: evaporation in argon and by direct liquid injection (DLI). It is shown that the composition and structure of obtained films are determined by the precursor composition. The results obtained for thermal behavior of precursors in condensed and gas phases are discussed

Comprehensive Study of Ni Nanotubes for Bioapplications: From Synthesis to Payloads Attaching

Due to the Ni nanotubes’ shape anisotropy, low specific density, large specific surface, and uniform magnetic field, they have been offered as carriers for targeted delivery of drug or protein and the process of their formation from synthesis stage to the stage of surface modification and protein attaching has been demonstrated. Some steps to hasten their biomedical application have been applied. First, to have full control over the carrier dimensions and structure parameters, electrodeposition method in pores of polyethylene terephthalate template has been applied. Second, to understand the scope of Ni nanostructures application, their degradation in media with different acidity has been studied. Third, to improve the biocompatibility and to make payloads attachment possible, nanotubes surface modification with organosilicon compound has been carried out. At last, the scheme of protein attaching to the nanostructure surface has been developed and the binding process was demonstrated as an example of the bovine serum albumin

Термохимические аспекты гидролиза О-изобутил-S-2-(N,N-диэтиламино)этилтиолового эфира метилфосфоновой кислоты

The hydrolysis of methylphosphonic acid О-isobutyl-S-2-(N,N-diethylamino)ethylthionic ester was studied by differential scanning calorimetry. It was found that at the equimolecular ratio of the reactants the heat effect of the process changes from 68.0 to 72.3 kJ/mol depending on impurities concentration in the initial product. It was shown that maximum heat flow is observed at 70-80°С, and the degree of decomposition of the initial substance ~57.2 %. The results of the investigations were used for the development of technology for chemical weapons destruction plants in Russian Federation.Методом дифференциальной сканирующей калориметрии проведено исследование процесса гидролиза О-изобутил-S-2-(N,N-диэтиламино)этилтиолового эфира метилфосфоновой кис-лоты. Определен тепловой эффект процесса при эквимольном соотношении реагентов, составляющий от 68.0 до 72.3 кДж/моль в зависимости от содержания примесей в исходном продукте. Установлено, что максимум интенсивности тепловыделения наблюдается в области температур 70-80°С при степени разложения вещества ~57.2%. Результаты выполненных исследований были положены в основу технологии уничтожения Ви-Икс в корпусах боеприпасов, реализованной на объектах по уничтожению химического оружия в Российской Федерации