Внешние и внутренние барьеры на пути внедрения инноваций в нефтегазовом комплексе России

The article deals with the external and internal barriers and the results of the impact of such restrictions on the development of the innovation process in the oil and gas complex of Russia, as well as an objective assessment of the current situation in the field of innovations in the oil and gas industry. The aim of the study is to analyze the current barriers and opportunities to overcome them on the way to unlocking the potential of Russian import substitution programs, as well as the introduction of new technologies in the oil and gas industries. The study is based on the hypothesis that process innovations in the oil and gas sector have an obvious impact not only on the final results of specific companies in the industry, but also on the overall state of the national economy. Today we can observe the process of transition of the Russian economy to an innovative way of development. Such a transformation is of great importance for the further development of the country, and the strategic directions of transition to an innovative type of economic development were identified in the Concept of long-term socio-economic development in 2020. One of the long-term goals was to increase the share of innovation in the economic growth of the Russian Federation. The process of innovation in enterprises is usually long-term and involves some barriers that require systematization and substantive consideration. Thus, the article assesses the potential economic damage from the existing barriers to the innovative development of the oil and gas sector. The analysis of the sanctions pressure of Western countries on the Russian oil and gas complex companies and the effect of sanctions restrictions in the long term. The scientific base of the work is based on the data of state statistics, analytical data of fuel and energy complex companies, foreign sources, as well as on the assessments of independent experts.В статье рассматриваются внешние и внутренние барьеры и результаты влияния подобных ограничений на пути развития инновационного процесса в нефтегазовом комплексе России, а также предлагается объективная оценка сложившейся ситуации в области инноваций нефтегазовой промышленности. Целью исследования является анализ текущих барьеров и возможностей их преодоления на пути раскрытия потенциала российских программ импортозамещения и внедрения новых технологий в нефтяной и газовой отраслях. В основе исследования лежит гипотеза о том, что процессные инновации в нефтегазовом секторе оказывают очевидное влияние не только на конечные результаты деятельности конкретных компаний в отрасли, но и на общее состояние национальной экономики. Сегодня можно наблюдать процесс перехода российской экономики к инновационному пути развития. Подобная трансформация имеет большое значение для дальнейшего развития страны, а стратегические направления перехода к инновационному типу экономического развития были обозначены в Концепции долгосрочного социально-экономического развития 2020 г. В качестве одной из долгосрочных целей стало увеличение доли инновационной составляющей в экономическом росте РФ. Процесс внедрения инноваций на предприятиях, как правило, характеризуется долгосрочностью и предполагает наличие некоторых барьеров, которые требуют систематизации и предметного рассмотрения. В статье оценивается потенциальный экономический ущерб от существующих барьеров инновационного развития нефтегазового сектора. Проводится анализ санкционного давления Западных стран на компании российского нефтегазового комплекса и эффект от санкционных ограничений в долгосрочной перспективе. Научная база работы основана на данных государственной статистики, аналитических данных компаний топливно-энергетического комплекса, зарубежных источниках, а также на оценках независимых экспертов1

Guideline on therapeutic dentistry for the 5-th term

РУКОВОДСТВАСТОМАТОЛОГИЯ ЛЕЧЕБНО-ВОССТАНОВИТЕЛЬНАЯСТОМАТОЛОГИЯ ТЕРАПЕВТИЧЕСКАЯИНОСТРАННЫЕ СТУДЕНТЫУЧЕБНО-МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ ПОСОБИЯПособие составлено в соответствии с учебной программой для медицинских вузов по терапевтической стоматологии. Предназначено для внутреннего использования

Gulf innovation systems : formation features and development prospects

Purpose: The conditions for interaction of innovative process participants, the features of creation and development of technology transfer systems in the Gulf States are considered. The authors have shown the need for a research on innovative processes of the countries whose state policy directions are the positive social and economic dynamics, the increase in national competitiveness, and the diversification of national economy. Design/Methodology/Approach: Investigating the problems of technological transfer in these countries and the systematic approach we have found reflection in application of all elements of innovative processes (the states, spheres of science, the industry, etc.), which allows for revealing prerequisites of technological development of the GCC economy. Findings: There is a need for activization of innovative processes in all spheres of national economy in the GCC and search for mechanisms of ensuring innovative development of the national firms. Practical Implications: On the basis of the analysis of national innovative systems functioning in the GCC countries, the authors have identified the most perspective directions of integration development in the scientific-educational and production spheres. Originality/Value: Positive socio-economic dynamics, improvement of national competitiveness, diversification of the national economy are priority areas of the GCC countries’ state policy, which determines the need to find and form effective mechanisms ensuring innovative development of national economies, as well as transfer of knowledge and technologies.peer-reviewe

Инструменты поддержки нефтегазового комплекса России в условиях санкционных ограничений Запада

The article discusses the possibilities of promoting the development of the Russian’s oil and gas industry in the current unstable political and economic conditions. The analysis of tools and mechanisms to support the oil and gas industry to ensure energy independence and improve energy security of the fuel and energy complex of the Russian Federation through import substitution of critical technologies, development of legislative and tax measures to stimulate the development of the Russian state company. The authors of the study assess the effectiveness of state and corporate import substitution plans, external trade contracts and markets, as well as provide a forecast of possible ways of development of the oil and gas complex of Russia, taking into account sanctions restrictions, fuel prices and in the future competition with alternative energy sources. The implementation of effective state support for the Russian’s oil and gas industry can contribute to the development of scientific and technological potential of companies to implement the import substitution program, as well as to strengthen the position of the Russian Federation in the global system of energy resources.В статье рассматриваются возможности содействия развитию нефтегазового комплекса Российской Федерации (НГК РФ) в современных нестабильных политических и экономических условиях. Проведен анализ инструментов и механизмов поддержки нефтяной и газовой промышленностей для обеспечения энергонезависимости и повышения энергобезопасности топливно-энергетического комплекса РФ путем импортозамещения критически важных технологий, проработки законодательных и налоговых мер стимулирования развития НГК РФ. Авторы исследования осуществляют оценку эффективности государственных и корпоративных планов импортозамещения, внешних торговых контрактов и рынков сбыта, а также представляют прогноз возможных путей развития нефтегазового комплекса России с учетом санкционных ограничений, цен на топливные ресурсы и в перспективе конкуренции с альтернативными источниками энергии. Реализация эффективной государственной поддержки нефтегазовой промышленности России может способствовать развитию научно-технологического потенциала компаний для исполнения программы импортозамещения, а также для укрепления позиций РФ в мировой системе обеспечения энергетическими ресурсами

Energy Safety and Innovative Development of the BRICS States

In today's world, transition from a model based on the use of world resources by a limited number of developed economies (primarily the USA, Western Europe, etc.), and on the redelivery of those to other regions and countries in the form of finished products and investments, to a multipolarity model is observed. Emerging new leaders, both regional and global, indicate formation of new centers of development. In this paper, the roles of BRICS member countries in the global economy are considered in context of multipolar world development process. For the further development of global economy, additional energy production is of great essence. However, power consumption efficiency and energy safety strategies move to the forefront in today's world. BRICS play an important role in the Global Energy Safety system, and their energy industry has a significant weight in both generation and consumption of world's power resources. The purpose of the article is to distinguish the BRICS position within the global power industry in dynamics from energy safety point of view, as cooperation in this field has great influence on the development and allows improving position of BRICS member countries in generating and export of industrial products and in general within the global economy. BRICS, the EU and NAFTA comparative analysis has been carried out based on the data provided by British oil and gas company British Petroleum (BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2016), the United Nations Industrial Development Organization and the US National Science Foundation (Science and Engineering Indicators 2016) over the period of 1999-2015. Keywords: BRICS, NAFTA, the EU, power industry, international ratings, R&D, innovative economy. JEL Classifications: O10, O3

Target-Speaker Voice Activity Detection: a Novel Approach for Multi-Speaker Diarization in a Dinner Party Scenario

Speaker diarization for real-life scenarios is an extremely challenging problem. Widely used clustering-based diarization approaches perform rather poorly in such conditions, mainly due to the limited ability to handle overlapping speech. We propose a novel Target-Speaker Voice Activity Detection (TS-VAD) approach, which directly predicts an activity of each speaker on each time frame. TS-VAD model takes conventional speech features (e.g., MFCC) along with i-vectors for each speaker as inputs. A set of binary classification output layers produces activities of each speaker. I-vectors can be estimated iteratively, starting with a strong clustering-based diarization. We also extend the TS-VAD approach to the multi-microphone case using a simple attention mechanism on top of hidden representations extracted from the single-channel TS-VAD model. Moreover, post-processing strategies for the predicted speaker activity probabilities are investigated. Experiments on the CHiME-6 unsegmented data show that TS-VAD achieves state-of-the-art results outperforming the baseline x-vector-based system by more than 30% Diarization Error Rate (DER) abs.Comment: Accepted to Interspeech 202

The belt and road initiative as a new China’s foreign economic policy towards the ASEAN countries

Purpose: The article deals with an ambitious transport and economic project “the Belt and Road Initiative” (BRI), also known as “One Belt One Road” or “New Silk Road”. It entails achievement of economic prosperity by the countries along the Silk Road, their sustainable economic development and strengthening the cooperation between the regions. Design/Methodology/Approach: The subject of this research allows for using a combination of various methods and approaches, such as comparative method, statistical, systematic approach, structural and dynamic analysis, which form the methodological basis of the research. Content analysis and synthesis methods were applied to identify the ideological content and essence of the Chinese BRI towards the ASEAN countries. Findings: The authors have identified that the ASEAN countries are involved in the BRI due to development of China Indochina Peninsula Economic Corridor (CICPEC) and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. Strategic areas, such as sustainable infrastructure, digital innovation, seamless logistics, and people mobility have been investigated to build up a regional network of people and infrastructure. The authors have come to the conclusion, that CICPEC has a great impulse to launch a new era of China-ASEAN cooperation. Practical implications: On the basis of the analysis of the China – ASEAN cooperation, the authors have pointed out the most prospective spheres for further strengthening their links. Besides, the authors have evaluated the potential risks for both sides. Originality/Value: The analysis of evolution of the China-ASEAN relations provides the understanding of China’s interests in the ASEAN partnership.peer-reviewe

Peculiarities of the Russian and German Energy Policies in the Field of Alternative Energy Development

This article is purported to analyze the experience of energy policy implemented by governments of Germany and Russia in the field of alternative energy, and assess a possibility of applying an accumulated experience of foreign countries in today's Russian environment. The profitability of energy production based on usage of alternative sources is still substantially lower compared to energy production based on fossil fuels combustion process. Governmental measures aimed at developing alternative energy include the following ones: formation of a new pricing policy, shifting towards alternative energy sources, use of insurance schemes, establishment of a minimum level of prices for energy produced from utilization of alternative energy sources, etc. A lot of countries have accomplished a long process in the field alternative energy technology introduction. Meanwhile Russia, in spite of its considerable experience of alternative energy development in the second half of the 20th century during the Soviet period, is not yet in line with the latest world progress in this field. Keywords: alternative energy sources, energy resources, German and Russian Energy Policy JEL Classifications: Q40, Q4