Fatty Acid Composition of M. Biceps Femoris of Edible Dormouse (Glis glis L.)

This study aimed to investigate the fatty acid (FA) composition of edible dormouse m. biceps femoris in both sexes. More than 20 FA were identified in the muscle, with the 18:1cis-9 (oleic acid) being the most abundant in both sexes, comprising more than 50% of total FA in muscle. The most dominated FA were monounsaturated (MUFA), followed by saturated FA (SFA) and polyunsaturated FA (PUFA), reaching 54.8%, 25.43% and 19.8% of total FA, respectively. Sums of PUFA and n-3 PUFA tended (p > 0.05) to be higher in males than in females. There were no significant differences between sexes on the FA composition. Nevertheless, the 18:2n-6 tended to differ between sexes (p = 0.063). Several long-chain PUFA (LC-PUFA) were detected in dormouse muscle, with the 20:4 n-6 (arachidonic acid, AA) and the 22:6 n-3 (docosahexaenoic acid, DHA) being the most abundant in both sexes. The relatively high stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) indexes and the large concentration of 18:1cis-9 in dormouse muscle tissues might point to a low mobilization of the SCD products. Furthermore, finding the unusual FA 20:3 D5,D11,D14, suggests feeding on leaf and wood lipids of Coniferophytes. We demonstrated sexual size monomorphism in edible dormouse. The literature regarding the composition of dormouse meat is scarce and no studies reported the FA composition of muscle, thus, this work can contribute to increasing the knowledge on edible dormouse physiology and nutritional traitsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Psychoneuroimmunology and the course of breast cancer: An overview the impact of psychosocial factors on progression of breast cancer through immune and endocrine mechanisms

This review focuses upon possible mediators of the frequently noted associations between psychosocial factors and the progression of breast cancer. First, host‐related endocrine and immunological processes that may play an important role in the carcinogenesis and progression of breast cancer are summarized. Second, the effects of several endocrines on different components of the immune system that have been shown to be related to the course of breast cancer are addressed. Third, studies examining the effect of psychosocial factors on immune function conducted with breast cancer patients and healthy individuals are described. Based on this review, it can be concluded that causal relations between psychosocial stressors, endocrine and immune processes, and breast cancer progression remain to be elucidated. It can be hypothesized that psychosocial stressors influence the course of breast cancer by modulating endocrine processes which are directly related to tumor growth or indirectly related by decreasing immunologic control over tumor development and metastases. Finally, methodological pitfalls that plague this line of research are summarized and recommendations for future psychoneuroimmunologic research in breast cancer are provided