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Physical activity and risk of inflammatory bowel disease: prospective study from the Nursesâ Health Study cohorts
Objective: To examine the association between physical activity and risk of ulcerative colitis and Crohnâs disease. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: Nursesâ Health Study and Nursesâ Health Study II. Participants: 194 711 women enrolled in the Nursesâ Health Study and Nursesâ Health Study II who provided data on physical activity and other risk factors every two to four years since 1984 in the Nursesâ Health Study and 1989 in the Nursesâ Health Study II and followed up through 2010. Main outcome measure Incident ulcerative colitis and Crohnâs disease. Results: During 3 421 972 person years of follow-up, we documented 284 cases of Crohnâs disease and 363 cases of ulcerative colitis. The risk of Crohnâs disease was inversely associated with physical activity (P for trend 0.02). Compared with women in the lowest fifth of physical activity, the multivariate adjusted hazard ratio of Crohnâs disease among women in the highest fifth of physical activity was 0.64 (95% confidence interval 0.44 to 0.94). Active women with at least 27 metabolic equivalent task (MET) hours per week of physical activity had a 44% reduction (hazard ratio 0.56, 95% confidence interval 0.37 to 0.84) in risk of developing Crohnâs disease compared with sedentary women with 0.35). Conclusion: In two large prospective cohorts of US women, physical activity was inversely associated with risk of Crohnâs disease but not of ulcerative colitis