Comparison of the volatiles composition between healthy and buprestid infected Juglans regia (Juglandaceae).

Meliboeus ohbayashii primoriensis (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) is an important pest of the walnut tree Juglans regia (Juglandaceae), but the volatiles mediating this plant–herbivore interaction are unknown. In this study, volatiles emitted by healthy J. regia and by plants infested with M. ohbayashii primoriensis (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) were obtained by a dynamic headspace method and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Shanxi, China). We identified 26 major compounds and compared the volatile composition of healthy and buprestid-infected J. regia. Green leaf volatiles were detected in all damaged plants, including the monoterpenoids β-phellandrene and (E)-β-ocimene, the sesquiterpenoids (-)-β-bourbonene, β-ylangene, and (E,E)-α-farnesene, the alcohols linalool, myrtenol, and (E)-(-)-pinocarveol, the ketones (E)-pinocamphone and (Z)-pinocamphone, and the ester methyl salicylate. The major volatiles detected in healthy plants were β-pinene (36.26 %), α-pinene (23.81 %), D-limonene (12.03 %), sabinene (8.63 %), and β-myrcene (4.35 %). The main volatiles from M. ohbayashii primoriensis larva-infested plants were β-pinene (37.82 %), α-pinene (20.36 %), D-limonene (14.71 %), germacrene D (5.24 %), sabinene (4.52 %), and β-phellandrene (3.80 %). These results enrich our understanding of volatiles of healthy plants and plants infested with M. ohbayashii primoriensis. Furthermore, they provide a theoretical basis and scientific foundation for integrated pest management and for effective ecologically sustainable pest control strategie

Vector Distance Algorithm for Optimal Segmentation Scale Selection of Object-oriented Remote Sensing Image Classification

Aiming at the optimal segmentation scale selection for object-oriented remote sensing image classification, thesis brought forward a new method named vector distance index. Research verified the validity and applicability of this method by carrying out experiment at wetland area with China Brazil Earth Resource Satellite image. Both two experiment showed that it could realize the optimal segmentation scale selection for object-oriented remote sensing image classification. Based on the basic theory of vector distance method, aiming at "submergence" and "fragmentation" phenomenon, research further brought forward a scale index, which could reflect the segmentation scale status for given object type, and provided a quantitative tool for assessing conflict degree between the two situations

Comparación de la composición de los volátiles de Juglans regia (Juglandaceae) sanos e infestadas por un escarabajo bupréstido

Meliboeus ohbayashii primoriensis (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) is an important pest of the walnut tree Juglans regia (Juglandaceae), but the volatiles mediating this plant–herbivore interaction are unknown. In this study, volatiles emitted by healthy J. regia and by plants infested with M. ohbayashii primoriensis (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) were obtained by a dynamic headspace method and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Shanxi, China). We identified 26 major compounds and compared the volatile composition of healthy and buprestid-infected J. regia. Green leaf volatiles were detected in all damaged plants, including the monoterpenoids β-phellandrene and (E)-β-ocimene, the sesquiterpenoids (-)-β-bourbonene, β-ylangene, and (E,E)-α-farnesene, the alcohols linalool, myrtenol, and (E)-(-)-pinocarveol, the ketones (E)-pinocamphone and (Z)-pinocamphone, and the ester methyl salicylate. The major volatiles detected in healthy plants were β-pinene (36.26 %), α-pinene (23.81 %), D-limonene (12.03 %), sabinene (8.63 %), and β-myrcene (4.35 %). The main volatiles from M. ohbayashii primoriensis larva-infested plants were β-pinene (37.82 %), α-pinene (20.36 %), D-limonene (14.71 %), germacrene D (5.24 %), sabinene (4.52 %), and β-phellandrene (3.80 %). These results enrich our understanding of volatiles of healthy plants and plants infested with M. ohbayashii primoriensis. Furthermore, they provide a theoretical basis and scientific foundation for integrated pest management and for effective ecologically sustainable pest control strategies.Meliboeus ohbayashii primoriensis (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) es una plaga importante del nogal Juglans regia (Juglandaceae), pero se desconocen los compuestos volátiles que median esta interacción planta-herbívoro. En este estudio, se obtuvieron los volátiles emitidos por plantas de J. regia tanto sanas como infestadas con M. ohbayashii primoriensis (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), mediante un método de espacio de cabeza dinámico y se analizaron por cromatografía de gases-espectrometría de masas (Shanxi, China). Se identificaron 26 compuestos principales y se comparó la composición volátil de J. regia sana e infectada con bupréstido. Se detectaron volátiles de hojas verdes en todas las plantas dañadas, incluidos los monoterpenoides β-felandreno y (E)-β-ocimeno, los sesquiterpenoides (-)-β-bourboneno, β-ylangeno y (E,E)-α-farnesano, los alcoholes linalool, mirtenol y (E)-(-)-pinocarveol, las cetonas (E)-pinocamfono y (Z)-pinocamfono, y el éster salicilato de metilo. Los principales volátiles detectados en plantas sanas fueron β-pineno (36,26 %), α-pineno (23,81 %), D-limoneno (12,03 %), sabineno (8,63 %) y β-mirceno (4,35 %). Los principales volátiles de las plantas infestadas de larvas de M. ohbayashii primoriensis fueron β-pineno (37,82 %), α-pineno (20,36 %), D-limoneno (14,71 %), germacreno D (5,24 %), sabineno (4,52 %), y β-felandreno (3,80 %). Estos resultados enriquecen nuestra comprensión de los volátiles de plantas sanas e infestadas con M. ohbayashii primoriensis. Además, proporcionan una base teórica y una científica para el manejo integrado de plagas y para estrategias efectivas, ecológicamente sostenibles, para el control de plagas

Quickly Planning TF/TA² Trajectory by Artificial Immune Algorithm

Flight path planning by artificial immune algorithm approach met the requirements of aircraft's flyability and operation is proposed for the problem of single and double TF/TA² flight path planning. Punishment function (affinity function) with comprehensive 3D threat information is designed. A comprehensive threat model is formed including dynamic and static threats and no-fly-zone. Accordingly, single and dual flight paths are planned by AIA, which have been compared with the paths by GA. The results show that, GA's planned a quick and longer path compared under simple threat environment; in complex environments, GA has high failure rate (greater than 95%) for single aircraft, but it is failed for double aircrafts. For the single and double aircrafts, AIA can provides one optimal and more candidate optimal flight paths

UXBIV: An Evaluation Framework for Business Intelligence Visualization

Nowadays, visualization is becoming an essential part of data analysis. Business Intelligence Visualization (BIV) is a powerful tool that helps modern business flows faster and smoother than ever before. However, research on BIV evaluation is severely lacking; most evaluation studies for BIV focus on usability, which have limited aspects covered for customers’ needs. The purpose of this research is to develop a UX framework that evaluates BIV (UXBIV), including decision-making experience and interactivity. First, we did a literature survey for good understanding of research progress in related fields, and established a conceptual framework. Second, we performed a case study that implemented this framework to demonstrate how our framework can be used in real business. Our analysis shows that this UXBIV framework is quite reasonable, and it can capture the differences among various BIV designs from the users’ standpoints. This UXBIV framework can help design BIV and promote better decision-making on business affairs