Prospects for CP violation measurements with ATLAS and CMS

Very high LHC luminosity will result in ~10^13 b-particles produced per year allowing general purpose detectors ATLAS and CMS to contribute to the exploration of phenomena in B physics. A review of simulation studies made by ATLAS and CMS B-physics groups is given. The expected numbers of reconstructed events, sensitivities to CP violating parameters, the x_s measurements, and possibilities to observe very rare B-decays are discussed

The phenomenon of the conciliar reform of the rites of the consecration of virgins

It is little known that there is a consecration of secular women in the Church, that is a special liturgical ceremony or rite, during which the woman promises that she will live in eternal purity for the Kingdom of God. The Church's intention is to make this ceremony primarily for women who are not associated in any institutions or communities, and who live individually and lead a secular lifestyle. The condition to admit the woman to this ceremony by the bishop is that the woman did not marry or not live in a state opposite to chastity. The whole novelty of current ceremonies is expressed in the admission to the consecration of secular virgins who remain in the secular world and carry out their professional and social work. Eight centuries after the dropping of the practice of the consecration of secular virgins, the Church, guided by the spirit of the times, returns to its old tradition and restores the rite of consecration to “their original owners”, that is secular women. Renewed ceremonies of consecration can be seen as a special expression of respect for a woman whose dignity is sometimes offended by a society dominated by myths of hedonism and consumption. The author deals with the diocesan identity and character of the class or status of virgins as being typical for this form of consecrated life. In addition, he raises issues related to the conditions of admitting the women to consecration, the theological assumptions of the rite and the form of its celebration.Fenomen soborowej reformy obrzędów konsekracji dziewicMało znany jest fakt, że w Kościele istnieje konsekracja kobiet świeckich, czyli specjalny obrzęd liturgiczny, podczas którego kobieta składa przyrzeczenie, że będzie żyła w dozgonnej czystości dla Królestwa Bożego. W zamyśle Kościoła obrzęd ten przeznaczony jest przede wszystkim dla kobiet niezrzeszonych w żadnych Instytutach ani wspólnotach, ale żyjących indywidualnie i prowadzących świecki tryb życia. Warunkiem dopuszczenia do tego obrzędu przez biskupa jest to, że kobieta nie zawarła małżeństwa ani nie żyła w stanie przeciwnym czystości. W dopuszczeniu do konsekracji dziewic świeckich, pozostających w świecie i wykonujących swoje prace zawodowe i społeczne, wyraża się cała nowość obecnych obrzędów. Po ośmiu wiekach od czasu zaprzestania praktyki konsekracji dziewic świeckich Kościół, kierowany duchem czasu, wraca do swojej dawnej tradycji i przywraca obrzęd konsekracji „ich pierwotnym właścicielom”, czyli kobietom świeckim. Można odnowione obrzędy konsekracji uznać za szczególny wyraz szacunku dla kobiety, której godność jest niekiedy obrażana przez społeczność zdominowaną mitami hedonizmu i konsumpcji. Autor zajmuje się tożsamością i charakterem diecezjalnym stanu dziewic jako typowym dla tej formy życia konsekrowanego. Porusza ponadto zagadnienia związane z warunkami dopuszczenia kobiet do konsekracji, założeniami teologicznymi obrzędu oraz formą jego sprawowania

Socjologia poza socjologią? Postdyscyplinarność z perspektywy socjologicznej. Dylematy socjologii w epoce późnej nowoczesności

Publikacja dofinansowana przez Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne i Wydział Ekonomiczno-Socjologiczny UŁ Udostępnienie publikacji Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego finansowane w ramach projektu „Doskonałość naukowa kluczem do doskonałości kształcenia”. Projekt realizowany jest ze środków Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego w ramach Programu Operacyjnego Wiedza Edukacja Rozwój; nr umowy: POWER.03.05.00-00-Z092/17-00

Solvent Effects of Model Polymeric Corrosion Control Coatings on Water Transport and Corrosion Rate

Industrial coating formulations are often made for volatile organic content compliance and ease of application, with little regard for the solvent impact on resultant performance characteristics. Our research objective was to understand the effect of both solvent retention and chemical structure on water transport through polymer films and resultant corrosion area growth of coated steel substrates. A clear, unpigmented Phenoxy™ thermoplastic polymer (PKHH) was formulated into resin solutions with three separate solvent blends selected by Hansen solubility parameter (HSP), boiling point, and ability to solubilize PKHH. Polymer films cast from MEK/PGME (methyl ethyl ketone/ propylene glycol methyl ether), dried under ambient conditions (AMB, \u3e 6wt.% residual solvent) produced a porous morphology, which resulted in a corrosion area greater than 50%. We attributed this to the water-soluble solvent used in film preparation, which enabled residual PGME to be extracted by water. The resin solution prepared with CYCOH/DXL (Cyclohexanol/ 1,3 dioxolane) was selected because CYCOH is a solid at room temperature which acts as a pigment in the final film. Therefore, increasing the tortuosity of water transport, as well as a high hydrogen bonding character, which caused more interactions with water, slowing diffusion, producing a nodular morphology, and 37% less corrosion area than MEK/PGME AMB. The HSP of PKHH and EEP (ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate) are within 5% of each other, which produced a homogeneous morphology and resulted in comparable corrosion rates regardless of residual solvent content. We utilized electrochemical techniques and attenuated total reflectance- Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to elucidate dynamic water absorption and solvent extraction in the exposed model formulations. We found that water absorption resulted in a loss of barrier properties, and increased corrosion due to the voids formed by solvent extraction. The polymer films were rejuvenated (removal of water) as an attempt to decrease the number of water transport pathways during exposure. Results found that samples rejuvenated at temperatures above the glass transition temperature of the samples achieved lower moisture content and consequently, lower corrosion growth rates. In commercial systems, rejuvenation lowered the corrosion rate up to 60% indicating better coating formulations and maintenance cycles would control the corrosion rate

Vizualna utemeljena teorija: metodološki nacrt i primjeri iz empirijskog rada

Grounded theory has not usually been associated with the extensive use of visual data. The author of the paper wants to present a basic introduction to methodological concepts and procedures, which allow researchers to incorporate visual data in their analyses while designing their research projects within the framework of grounded theory. The author also discusses the different approaches of visual data analysis that use the name of grounded theory but do not in fact perform the analysis according to its basic principles. At the outset, the author describes some inspirations that have come from a few researchers who have used the visual data in constructing theories in the grounded theory methodology style of analysis. The status of visual data and a methodological model of visual data analysis in grounded theory (multislice imagining) is also described. The multislice imagining is a grammar of visual narrations analysis that accents the following stages: a) an act of creating pictures and images (analysis of context of creation); b) participation in demonstrating/communicating visual images; c) the visual product, its content and stylistic structure; d) the reception of an “image” and visual aspects of presenting/representing something. Next, procedures of analyzing the visual data to generate categories on visual processes (transcription, open coding and memo writing) are presented. The presentation is based on examples from the author’s two research projects on a visualization of yoga practice and on a visualization of homelessness. The author also presents a selective coding of visual cases and empirical materials together with theoretical memo examples and comparative analysis. The last described procedure is a theoretical sampling indicating how and where to look for visual data to generate the properties of the category. The paper will end with conclusions and some remarks on future prospects of visual grounded theory.Utemeljenu se teoriju obično ne povezuje s opsežnom upotrebom vizualnih podataka. Autor ovog članka želi podastrijeti elementaran uvod u metodološke pojmove i procedure koji istraživačima omogućuju uključivanje vizualnih podataka u analizu dok osmišljavaju nacrte istraživačkih projekata u okviru utemeljene teorije. Autor također raspravlja o različitim pristupima analizi vizualnih podataka koji se služe imenom utemeljene teorije, ali zapravo ne izvode analizu u skladu s njezinim temeljnim načelima. Na početku autor opisuje neka nadahnuća koja potječu od malobrojnih istraživača koji su upotrijebili vizualne podatke pri konstruiranju teorija u stilu analize metodologije utemeljene teorije. Također se opisuje status vizualnih podataka i metodološki model analize vizualnih podataka u utemeljenoj teoriji (stvaranje slikovnih predodžbi u više isječaka). Stvaranje slikovnih predodžbi u više isječaka jest gramatika analize vizualnih pripovijesti koja naglašava sljedeće faze: a) čin stvaranja slika i slikovnih predodžbi (analiza konteksta stvaranja); b) sudjelovanje u prikazivanju/komuniciranju vizualnih slikovnih predodžbi; c) vizualni proizvod, njegov sadržaj i stilska struktura; d) recepcija »slikovne predodžbe« i vizualnih aspekata predstavljanja/predočavanja nečega. Nadalje, predstavljaju se procedure analiziranja vizualnih podataka u svrhu generiranja kategorija o vizualnim procesima (transkripcija, otvoreno kodiranje i pisanje bilježaka). Predstavljanje se zasniva na primjerima iz dvaju autorovih istraživačkih projekata o vizualizaciji prakse joge i vizualizaciji beskućništva. Autor također predstavlja selektivno kodiranje vizualnih slučajeva i empirijskih materijala zajedno s primjerima teorijskih bilježaka i usporedne analize. Posljednja od opisanih procedura jest teorijsko uzorkovanje koje upućuje na to kako i gdje tražiti vizualne podatke u svrhu generiranja svojstava kategorije. Članak završava zaključcima i napomenama o budućim izgledima vizualne utemeljene teorije

Distinctions and Something Between: An Inspection of Eviatar Zerubavel’s Concept Driven Sociology

The paper presents short summaries and analyses of two books by Eviatar Zerubavel (2018a; 2020) that are demonstrations of his approach to cognitive sociology. The first book (2018a) shows examples of the analysis in Zerubavelian cognitive sociology, and the second one is a methodological and theoretical elaboration of his approach described in formal terms. We analyze the approach presented at the end of the paper, showing that the analysis of distinctions and perceptive categories is essential in Zerubavel analysis. Still, there is an unclear dimension (in between) included in the contexts of perception, lived experiences, and perception of the world beyond the categories that we introduce in our analysis

Experiencing The Space: Visiting Cemeteries On All Saints’ Day and an Ordinary Day

This paper is a description of collaborative research that was done together with students during the class “Contemplative Sociology. Experiencing Self, No-Self and the Lifeworld.” The goal of the research was to introduce the students to the contemplative methods that could be used to research lived experiences and the vision of the lifeworld through contemplation of the mind, bodily sensations, and emotions. A project was started on experiencing the cemetery space. The space for experiencing was chosen to sensitize the students to concerns (such as death, religious holidays, everyday life, suffering, etc.) that could be investigated from the first-person perspective by using contemplation as an alternative to survey-sociological methods, psychological methods and ethnography. The students learned the contemplative techniques of meditation, body awareness, self- observation, and self-description to face their concerns, including the ultimate ones. However, the main concern was the role of the mind, body and emotions in cognition and creating the mood

1957-2007: 50 Years of Higher Order Programming Languages

Fifty years ago one of the greatest breakthroughs in computer programming and in the history of computers happened – the appearance of FORTRAN, the first higher-order programming language. From that time until now hundreds of programming languages were invented, different programming paradigms were defined, all with the main goal to make computer programming easier and closer to as many people as possible. Many battles were fought among scientists as well as among developers around concepts of programming, programming languages and paradigms. It can be said that programming paradigms and programming languages were very often a trigger for many changes and improvements in computer science as well as in computer industry. Definitely, computer programming is one of the cornerstones of computer science. Today there are many tools that give a help in the process of programming, but there is still a programming tasks that can be solved only manually. Therefore, programming is still one of the most creative parts of interaction with computers. Programmers should chose programming language in accordance to task they have to solve, but very often, they chose it in accordance to their personal preferences, their beliefs and many other subjective reasons. Nevertheless, the market of programming languages can be merciless to languages as history was merciless to some people, even whole nations. Programming languages and developers get born, live and die leaving more or less tracks and successors, and not always the best survives. The history of programming languages is closely connected to the history of computers and computer science itself. Every single thing from one of them has its reflexions onto the other. This paper gives a short overview of last fifty years of computer programming and computer programming languages, but also gives many ideas that influenced other aspects of computer science. Particularly, programming paradigms are described, their intentions and goals, as well as the most of the significant languages of all paradigms

Factors and Predictors of Online Security and Privacy Behavior

Assumptions and habits regarding computer and Internet use are among the major factors which influence online privacy and security of Internet users. In our study a survey was performed on 312 subjects (college students who are Internet users with IT skills) that investigated how assumptions and habits of Internet users are related to their online security and privacy. The following four factors of online security and privacy related behaviors were revealed in factor analysis: F1 – conscientiousness in the maintenance of the operating system, upgrading of the Internet browser and use of antivirus and antispyware programs; F2 –engagement in risky and careless online activities with lack of concern for personal online privacy; F3 – disbelief that privacy violations and security threats represent possible problems; F4 – lack of fear regarding potential privacy and security threats with no need for change in personal online behavior. Statistically significant correlations were found between some of the discovered factors on the one side, and criteria variables occurrence of malicious code (C1) and data loss on the home computer (C2) on the other. In addition, a regression analysis was performed which revealed that the potentially risky online behaviors of Internet users were associated with the two criteria variables. To properly interpret the results of correlation and regression analyses a conceptual model was developed of the potential causal relationships between the behavior of Internet users and their experiences with online security threats. An additional study was also performed which partly confirmed the conceptual model, as well as the factors of online security and privacy related behaviors

USPOREDBA AKTIVNOSTI KOMERCIJALNIH I DRUŠTVENIH PODUZETNIKA NA FACEBOOKU

The main objective of this study is to examine the differences in Facebook usage practices between social and commercial entrepreneurs. The research is based on the official Facebook pages of six pairs of commercial and social enterprises during a period of two years, giving a total of 1046 posts for analysis. Findings reveal differences in the content and types of Facebook posts between commercial and social entrepreneurs. While commercial entrepreneurs have a clearly expressed market orientation, social enterprises strive to build the legitimacy of philanthropists and initiators of social change. There is no statistically significant difference in the number of reactions per post per follower between the two types of enterprises. However, followers\u27 engagement is stronger among social entrepreneurs than commercial entrepreneurs. What all businesses lack is customer-generated content. Business owners could take the empirical findings into consideration when developing a strategy for managing their presence on social networks.Glavni je cilj ove studije ispitati razlike u praksi korištenja Facebookom između društvenih i komercijalnih poduzetnika. Istraživanje se temelji na službenim Facebook stranicama šest parova komercijalnih i društvenih poduzeća tijekom dvogodišnjeg perioda, dajući ukupno 1046 objava za analizu. Rezultati pokazuju da postoje razlike u sadržaju i vrsti Facebook objava između komercijalnih i društvenih poduzetnika. Dok komercijalni poduzetnici imaju jasno izraženu tržišnu orijentaciju, društvena poduzeća nastoje izgraditi legitimitet filantropa i pokretača društvenih promjena. Ne postoji statistički značajna razlika u broju reakcija po objavi po pratitelju između dviju vrsta poduzeća. Međutim, angažman pratitelja jači je među društvenim poduzetnicima u odnosu na komercijalne poduzetnike. Ono što nedostaje svim poduzećima jest sadržaj koji generiraju korisnici. Vlasnici poduzeća mogli bi uzeti u obzir empirijske rezultate pri izradi strategije za upravljanje prisutnošću na društvenim mrežama