IRISIN KAO PREDIKTOR MIKROALBUMINURIJE U PRETILIH BOLESNIKA S KORONARNOM BOLEŠĆU

Background. Irisin is a recently discovered protein involved in energy homeostasis and glucose metabolism, and is potentially involved in atherosclerosis, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the study was to investigate the irisin effect on microalbuminuria in obese patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods. Sixty-four adult subjects with CAD combined with obesity (59.38% of males), mean age 59.43±10.29 years, were enrolled in the study. Control group included 30 sex- and age-matched subjects. Obese patients with CAD were divided into two groups: group 1 (n=31) without microalbuminuria, and group 2 (n=33) with microalbuminuria. The urine albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR, range 30-300 mL/ mg) indicated microalbuminuria. Specifi c enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used for serum irisin measurement. Results. Serum irisin concentrations were signifi cantly different in obese CAD patients with microalbuminuria 121.05 (103.07-133.19) ng/mL and those without it 130.21 (125.21-140.03) ng/mL compared to the control group 147.92 (139.04-172.55) ng/mL (p<0.001), and irisin level was signifi cantly lower in patients with microalbuminuria in comparison with normoalbuminuria (p=0.042). Univariate logistic regression analyses showed irisin to signifi cantly infl uence microalbuminuria (OR: 0.788, 95% CI 0.589-0.967, p=0.011). Multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed that serum irisin remained a signifi cant predictor of microalbuminuria (OR: 0.857, 95% CI 0.561-0.988, p=0.044). Conclusions. Lower irisin levels are an independent predictor of microalbuminuria in patients with CAD combined with obesity. Additional larger longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these findings.Pozadina: Irisin je nedavno otkriveni protein koji sudjeluje u energetskoj homeostazi i metabolizmu glukoze i potencijalno je uključen u aterosklerozu, pretilost, kardiovaskularne bolesti. Cilj studije bio je istražiti učinak irisina na mikroalbuminuriju u pretilih bolesnika s ishemijskom bolesti srca (IBS). Uzorak i metode: 64 odrasla ispitanika s koronarnom bolešću u kombinaciji s pretilošću (59,38 % muškaraca), prosječne dobi 59,43±10,29 godina; 30 ispitanika sastojalo se od kontrola usklađenih po spolu, dobi. Pregledani pretili bolesnici s IBS-om podijeljeni su u dvije skupine. Prva skupina (n=31) bila je bez mikroalbuminurije, a u drugoj su skupini (n=33) bili bolesnici s mikroalbuminurijom. Omjer albumina i kreatinina u mokraći (ACR u rasponu od 30-300 mL/mg) bio je pokazatelj mikroalbuminurije. Za mjerenje irisina u serumu korišten je enzimski imunosorbentni test. Rezultati: Utvrđeno je da se koncentracije irisina u serumu značajno razlikuju u pretilih bolesnika s IBS s mikroalbuminurijom 121.05 (103,07-133,19) ng/mL i bez mikroalbuminurije 130,21 (125,21-140,03) ng/mL u usporedbi s kontrolnom skupinom 147,92 (139,04-172,55) ng/mL, p<0,001, a razina irisina značajno je smanjena u bolesnika s mikroalbuminurijom u usporedbi s normoalbuminurijom, p=0,042. Univarijatne logističke regresijske analize pokazale su da je irisin značajno utjecao na mikroalbuminuriju (OR: 0,788, 95 % CI 0,589-0,967, p=0,011). Više varijabilne logističke regresijske analize otkrile su da je irisin u serumu ostao značajan prediktor mikroalbuminurije (OR: 0,857, 95 % CI 0,561-0,988, p=0,044). Zaključak: Niže razine irisina neovisni su prediktor mikroalbuminurije u bolesnika s koronarnom bolešću u kombinaciji s pretilošću, ali potrebne su daljnje veće longitudinalne studije kako bi se potvrdili ti nalazi

IRISIN KAO PREDIKTOR MIKROALBUMINURIJE U PRETILIH BOLESNIKA S KORONARNOM BOLEŠĆU

Background. Irisin is a recently discovered protein involved in energy homeostasis and glucose metabolism, and is potentially involved in atherosclerosis, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the study was to investigate the irisin effect on microalbuminuria in obese patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods. Sixty-four adult subjects with CAD combined with obesity (59.38% of males), mean age 59.43±10.29 years, were enrolled in the study. Control group included 30 sex- and age-matched subjects. Obese patients with CAD were divided into two groups: group 1 (n=31) without microalbuminuria, and group 2 (n=33) with microalbuminuria. The urine albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR, range 30-300 mL/ mg) indicated microalbuminuria. Specifi c enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used for serum irisin measurement. Results. Serum irisin concentrations were signifi cantly different in obese CAD patients with microalbuminuria 121.05 (103.07-133.19) ng/mL and those without it 130.21 (125.21-140.03) ng/mL compared to the control group 147.92 (139.04-172.55) ng/mL (p<0.001), and irisin level was signifi cantly lower in patients with microalbuminuria in comparison with normoalbuminuria (p=0.042). Univariate logistic regression analyses showed irisin to signifi cantly infl uence microalbuminuria (OR: 0.788, 95% CI 0.589-0.967, p=0.011). Multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed that serum irisin remained a signifi cant predictor of microalbuminuria (OR: 0.857, 95% CI 0.561-0.988, p=0.044). Conclusions. Lower irisin levels are an independent predictor of microalbuminuria in patients with CAD combined with obesity. Additional larger longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these findings.Pozadina: Irisin je nedavno otkriveni protein koji sudjeluje u energetskoj homeostazi i metabolizmu glukoze i potencijalno je uključen u aterosklerozu, pretilost, kardiovaskularne bolesti. Cilj studije bio je istražiti učinak irisina na mikroalbuminuriju u pretilih bolesnika s ishemijskom bolesti srca (IBS). Uzorak i metode: 64 odrasla ispitanika s koronarnom bolešću u kombinaciji s pretilošću (59,38 % muškaraca), prosječne dobi 59,43±10,29 godina; 30 ispitanika sastojalo se od kontrola usklađenih po spolu, dobi. Pregledani pretili bolesnici s IBS-om podijeljeni su u dvije skupine. Prva skupina (n=31) bila je bez mikroalbuminurije, a u drugoj su skupini (n=33) bili bolesnici s mikroalbuminurijom. Omjer albumina i kreatinina u mokraći (ACR u rasponu od 30-300 mL/mg) bio je pokazatelj mikroalbuminurije. Za mjerenje irisina u serumu korišten je enzimski imunosorbentni test. Rezultati: Utvrđeno je da se koncentracije irisina u serumu značajno razlikuju u pretilih bolesnika s IBS s mikroalbuminurijom 121.05 (103,07-133,19) ng/mL i bez mikroalbuminurije 130,21 (125,21-140,03) ng/mL u usporedbi s kontrolnom skupinom 147,92 (139,04-172,55) ng/mL, p<0,001, a razina irisina značajno je smanjena u bolesnika s mikroalbuminurijom u usporedbi s normoalbuminurijom, p=0,042. Univarijatne logističke regresijske analize pokazale su da je irisin značajno utjecao na mikroalbuminuriju (OR: 0,788, 95 % CI 0,589-0,967, p=0,011). Više varijabilne logističke regresijske analize otkrile su da je irisin u serumu ostao značajan prediktor mikroalbuminurije (OR: 0,857, 95 % CI 0,561-0,988, p=0,044). Zaključak: Niže razine irisina neovisni su prediktor mikroalbuminurije u bolesnika s koronarnom bolešću u kombinaciji s pretilošću, ali potrebne su daljnje veće longitudinalne studije kako bi se potvrdili ti nalazi

Bibliometric analysis of research of the behavioral and social dimension of the public health system of the world

The paper emphasizes the importance of human health as the most valuable, most important resource at the individual and national level, affecting the country’s socio-economic development and competitiveness. It states that it is necessary for the actors ensuring the public health system to form a new concept for the functioning of the health system, taking into account the current state of public health, the functioning of medical institutions, and the resource support of the healthcare industry. The primary purpose is to conduct a bibliometric analysis of scientific publications dealing with the global behavioral and social dimension of the public health system. The systematization of literary achievements and approaches to solving this problem has been carried out, which indicates the need for proper attention and high-quality, conceptual, international research by world scientists on issues related to the state and level of public health, satisfaction with the healthcare system. The relevance of the analysis of research on the behavioral and social dimension of the public health system of the world implies that the further development of the healthcare industry necessitates research, intensive development, and dissemination of available scientific and methodological international experience in solving this issue of the public health system in different countries worldwide. The research consisted of four stages. A map of the interrelationships of key concepts with other scientific categories has been constructed; a content-contextual study of the constructed blocks of bibliometric analysis has been implemented; an inter-cluster analysis has been carried out. A map of the interrelationships of the key concepts under study with other scientific categories has been constructed, reflecting the dynamics in the form of a contextual-time block; the evolutionary-time prospects of the study have been determined. A geographically extensive map of the scientific bibliography of the categories under study has been constructed; the spatial component of the study has been analyzed. A territorially branched map of the spatio-temporal dimension of the category under the study in dynamics has been constructed. The methodological tools of the research are theoretical (grouping, abstraction, synthesis) and empirical methods (observation, description), research methods, services of the Scopus information platform, and VOSViewers tools.1.6.15. The study was conducted based on the publications indexed by the Scopus database for 2000-2020. The objects of research were the following scientific categories: “health care system, medical services, behavioral aspect, social aspect,” the countries United States, Germany, Norway, Greece, United Kingdom, Australia, Canada, India, Netherlands, China, Brazil, Switzerland, Denmark, Belgium, Iran, Japan, Italy, Spain, because these two groups of objects allowed to conduct two-directional analysis of the problem under study. The results of the bibliometric analysis presented in the paper showed that the aspect of the behavioral and social dimension of the public health system was relatively young and insufficiently developed; the attention of the scientific community for a long time on this issue was mainly concentrated in the United States and the United Kingdom. China, Iran, and Japan were less involved in this process at an earlier time interval, but this research became relevant for them in recent years. The study results can be used to identify the most potential priority areas for forming the policy and strategy of the state health system, based on determining the main significant, modern, relevant characteristics of the healthcare industry

Modern technologies used in the process of physical education and rehabilitation for violations of posture and flat feet in children of older preschool age

Purpose: analyze and summarize scientific information on the problem of technologies that are used in the process of physical education and rehabilitation for violations of posture and flat feet in children of older preschool age, according to special scientific and methodological literature. Material & Methods: theoretical analysis and generalization of literary and documentary sources included the use of a number of the following methods: the method of reconstruction, the method of apperceptions, aspect analysis, hermeneutic analysis, problem analysis. Results: despite a significant number of scientific studies on the prevention and correction of human posture disorders, recent results and their undoubted value for science and practice, it can be stated that the proposed technologies and methods do not fully allow to effectively cope with the steadily growing number of children senior preschool age with various functional disorders of the locomotor system. Conclusion: every year the number of children of senior preschool age with functional disorders of posture increases. Inadequate efficiency of health-improving measures for violations of the posture of children of senior preschool age by many researchers is due to the insufficiently developed technology for assessing her condition. Obtained data indicate the need to develop a technology for measuring and analyzing the level of the biogeometric profile of the posture of children aged 5–6 years in the frontal and sagittal planes

Забезпечення контролю якості освітньої діяльності вищих навчальних закладів

Дослідження спрямоване на встановлення загальної концепції та етапів моделювання реалізації контролю якості навчального процесу; для визначення оцінки працівників вищого навчального закладу представлено інноваційну модель контролю якості з використанням автоматизованих систем навчання та контролю (АСКУ). Основним методом був експеримент, у дослідженні також використовувалися анкетний та методи спостереження. Дані проаналізовано шляхом змістового та тематичного аналізу. Основна гіпотеза полягає в тому, що моделі впровадження контролю якості освіти мають бути комплексними, відповідати місії та стратегії навчального закладу та потребувати постійного вдосконалення. Результатом є створення основної концептуальної основи для формування інноваційної моделі контролю якості, яка повинна орієнтуватися на якість освіти, використовувати широкий спектр передових технологій, ефективну комунікацію, вдосконалювати стратегії навчання. Подальшою перспективою є дослідження ефективності моделей контролю якості навчального процесу.The study aims to establish a general concept and stages of modeling the implementation of quality control of the educational process; to determine the assessment of employees of the institution of higher education presented an innovative model of quality control using automated learning and control systems (ALCS). The main method was the experiment, the study also used questionnaire and observation methods. The data was analyzed through content and thematic analysis. The main hypothesis is that the implementation models of quality control of education should be comprehensive, meet the mission and strategy of the educational institution and require continuous improvement. The result is the establishment of the main conceptual framework for the formation of an innovative model of quality control, should focus on quality education, use a wide range of advanced technologies, effective communication, improve learning strategies. A further perspective is to investigate the effectiveness of models of quality control of the educational process

Production and Use of Biogas and Biomethane from Waste for Climate Neutrality and Development of Green Economy

The following article provides an analysis of the current state and potential development of biogas and biomethane production, and their significance in promoting a "green" economy. The main areas of "green" economy focus are identified as the development of alternative energy sources, an effective waste management system with recycling, organic agriculture, improved water resource and ecosystem management, sustainable ("green") transport, and increased energy efficiency in housing and communal sectors. It is shown that the production and use of biogas/biomethane can contribute to achieving almost all of these goals, while also ensuring climate neutrality. Analysis of European experience in using waste for biogas/biomethane production reveals a steady trend in the industry's development. This growth has become particularly relevant following the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine, which has also impacted the European energy market. The report assesses Ukraine's potential for biogas/biomethane production from organic waste of various origins, highlighting its importance in addressing energy supply issues, both in times of peace and during periods of martial law and energy system destruction. Successful biogas production cases in Ukraine are also analyzed, demonstrating that some enterprises are equipped to produce biogas and biomethane. The research findings are used to develop recommendations for Ukrainian manufacturers on effective biogas production to expedite the transition towards a climate-neutral, "green" economy

Methods of Forming the Future Designers’ Readiness for Professional and Scientific Research Activities

The authors state that the rapid penetration of design into every field of human life, the convergence of material production with art, the development of design technologies, and increasing the social impact of design have significantly heightened professional requirements for modern designers. However, the modern system of design education does not prepare students for the challenges they will face in the nearest future. The methodological approaches necessary for improving future designers’ professional training quality are determined. The empirical investigations on the future designers’ readiness for professional and scientific research activities are analysed. Methods of boosting the future designers’ ability to carry out scientific research and organising professional design activities are offered

University Degree and Citizen Science: The Necessity for Promotion of the Latter and the Possibilities of Its Organization in the Teachers’ Professional Training

The article reveals the opportunities, types of organization and ways to use the citizen science results at the Pedagogical University. It’s been proved that future teachers of different specialties have certain personal qualities that affect their training for scientific research activity. These qualities differ significantly. All in all, the average values of personal qualities indicators point out that future teachers can be quite successful in certain types of scientific research activities, considering their strong personal characteristics and improving the weak ones. It is proved that if the pedagogical university organizes the participation of students in citizen science, then they better develop the skills of self-organization and other personal qualities, essential for a modern teacher-researcher

Богатые люди менее восприимчивы к изменению налогов и цен: поиск доказательств гипотезы

Одним із ключових положень, на яких базується класична теорія податків є припущення, що всі агенти раціональні, проте, воно не виконується в реальному світі. Отже, це може призвести до неефективності податкових моделей, в яких раціональність споживача приймається як даність. Стаття містить спробу довести, що багаті люди більш раціональні у порівнянні з бідними; вони більш уважні до якості товарів, ніж до зміни ціни. Таким чином, багаті люди менш чутливі до зміни ціни товару і закладених у ньому податків ніж бідні.Основным допущением классической теории налогов является предположение, что все агенты рациональны, однако, оно не выполняется в реальном мире. Следовательно, это может привести к неэффективности налоговых моделей, в которых рациональность потребителя принимается как данность. Статья содержит попытку доказать, что богатые люди более рациональны в сравнении с бедными; они более внимательны к качеству товаров, нежели к изменению цены. Таким образом, богатые люди менее чувствительны к ценовым и налоговым колебаниям нежели бедные.The main classical tax theory assumption is that all agents are rational, however, it does not hold in the real world. Consequently, this may lead to inefficiencies in the tax models in which consumer’s rationality is taken as given. The article contains an attempt to prove that rich people are more rational compared with poor people; nevertheless, they are more attentive to the quality of the goods. Therefore, the rich people are less insensitive to price and tax changes then poor ones