Düşme Hikayesi Olan Yaşlı Bireylerde Farklı Tip Egzersiz Eğitimlerinin Fonksiyonellik Üzerine Etkisi

In this study, the effectiveness of different types of exercise trainings on functionality were examined in older faller. Thirty individuals were included in the study and these people were blinded. The socio-demographic information, Mini Mental State Examination, Tinetti Falls Efficacy Scale, Dynamic Gait Index, The Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Vestibular Disorders Activities of Daily Life, World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument- Older Adults Module of the individuals were recorded. Muscle strength of hip flexors and abductors, m.quadriceps femoris and m.tibialis anterior were measured by manual muscle dynamometer. In balance evaluations; sensory organization test, adaptation test of computerized dynamic posturography were recorded. Individuals were divided into 3 groups by block randomization. All individuals applied vestibular exercise training twice a day for 8 weeks as a home program. In the first group vestibular evercise training as a home program, in the second group rehabilitation programme which was performed in computerized balance system, in the third group square-step exercise training was performed. Exercise programs were applied as three times a week for 8 weeks. After treatment, significant differences were found in all three groups in terms of muscle strength, balance assessment results, fear of falling, walking functions, cognitive functions, daily living activities, quality of life evaluation results within the group (p<0.05). A signicant increase was observed, all the evaluation results in square-step exercise group (p<0.05). According to these results, we concluded using square-step exercise in training programs is beneficial in geriatric rehabilitation for preventing fall risk.Bu çalışmada, düşme hikayesi olan yaşlı bireylerde farklı tip egzersiz eğitimlerinin fonksiyonellik üzerine etkisi incelendi. Çalışmaya katılan bireyler körlendi ve 30 yaşlı birey dahil edildi. Bireylerin sosyodemografik bilgileri, Mini Mental Durum Testi, Tinetti Düşme Etkinlik Ölçeği, Dinamik Yürüyüş İndeksi, Montreal Bilişsel Değerlendirme Ölçeği, Vestibüler Bozukluklarda Günlük Yaşam Aktiviteleri Ölçeği, Dünya Sağlık Örgütü Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği-Yaşlı Modülü test sonuçları kaydedildi. Kalça fleksörleri ve abdüktörleri, m.quadriceps femoris ve m.tibialis anterior kas kuvveti manuel kas kuvvet dinamometresi ile ölçüldü. Denge değerlendirmelerinde; bilgisayarlı dinamik postürografiye ait duyusal organizasyon testi, adaptasyon testi kaydedildi. Bireyler bloklama ve tabakalandırma randomizasyon yöntemi ile 3 gruba ayrıldı. Tüm gruptaki bireyler ev programı olarak vestibüler egzersiz eğitimini 8 hafta süreyle günde 2 kez uyguladı. Birinci gruptaki bireylere ev programı olarak vestibüler egzersiz eğitimi, ikinci gruptaki bireylere bilgisayarlı denge sisteminde uygulanan bireye özgü oluşturulan rehabilitasyon programı, üçüncü gruptaki bireylere ise, kare adım egzersizleri uygulandı. Egzersiz eğitimi 8 hafta boyunca, haftada 3 kez uygulandı. Bireylerin grup içinde tedavi öncesi ve sonrasında kas kuvveti, denge testleri değerlendirme sonuçları, düşme korkusu, yürüyüş fonksiyonları, kognitif fonksiyonlar, günlük yaşam aktiviteleri, yaşam kalitesi değerlendirme sonuçlarında her üç grupta da anlamlı fark bulundu (p<0.05). Kare adım egzersiz eğitimi uygulanan bireylerde tüm değerlendirme sonuçlarında anlamlı artış izlenmiştir (p<0.05). Bu sonuçlara göre kare adım egzersiz eğitiminin yaşlı bireylerin rehabilitasyon programında yer almasının düşme riskinin önlenmesi açısından yararlı olabileceğini düşünmekteyiz

THE EFFECT OF SQUARE-STEP EXERCISE TRAINING ON POSTURAL CONTROL, COGNITIVE FUNCTION AND GAIT IN THE ELDERLY: A PILOT STUDY

Amaç: Düşmeler yaşlı bireylerde sık karşılaşılan bir durumdur. 65 yaş üstünde, sağlıklı ve toplum içinde yaşayan bireylerin yıllık düşme oranı %30-40 olarak kaydedilmiştir. Bu nedenle yaşlı bireylerde düşmeyi önlemeye yönelik fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon uygulamaları önem kazanmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, düşme hikayesi olan yaşlı bireylerde kare adım egzersiz eğitiminin postüral kontrol, kognitif fonksiyonlar ve yürüyüş üzerine etkisini incelemekti. Yöntem: Çalışmaya yılda en az iki kez düşme hikayesi olan 16 yaşlı birey katıldı. Sekiz birey kontrol grubuna ve sekiz birey egzersiz eğitimi grubuna dahil edildi. Kontrol grubundaki bireyler sekiz hafta boyunca günde iki kez egzersizler 10 kez tekrarlanarak vestibüler ev egzersiz programını evde uyguladı. Egzersiz programındaki bireylere ise, vestibüler ev egzersiz programına ek olarak sekiz hafta boyunca haftada üç gün kare adım egzersizleri uygulandı. Bireylerin demografik bilgileri kaydedildi. Egzersiz programı öncesi ve sonrasında postüral kontrol Bilgisayarlı Dinamik Postürografi (BDP), kognitif fonksiyonlar Montreal Bilişsel Değerlendirme Ölçeği (MBDÖ) ve yürüyüş ise Dinamik Yürüme İndeksi (DYİ) ile değerlendirildi. Sonuçlar: Kare adım egzersiz eğitimi uygulanan grupta postürografi ile elde edilen denge skorunda, MBDÖ ve DYİ skorlarında anlamlı bir artış olduğu belirlendi (p<0,001). Tartışma: Düşme hikayesi olan yaşlı bireylerde kare adım egzersiz programı postüral kontrol, kognitif fonksiyonlar ve yürüyüş üzerine etkileri açısından önemli yere sahiptir. Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda egzersizlerin düşme hikayesi olan yaşlı bireylerde fonksiyonel bağımsızlık düzeyini artırmada ve kognitif fonksiyonların korunmasında etkili bir tedavi yaklaşımı olacağını düşünmekteyiz.Purpose: Falling is a common condition in elderly individuals. Over 65 years of age, annual rate of falling is 30-40% in healthy and community-dwelling elderly. Therefore, physiotherapy and rehabilitation approaches to prevent falling in elderly individuals are gaining importance. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of square-step exercise program on postural control, cognitive function, and gait in olderwith falling history. Methods: Sixteen elderly subjects with history of falling at least twice a year participated in this study. Eight subjects were in control group and eight elderly subjects were in exercise group. Subjects in the control group followed vestibular home exercise program twice a day, each exercise repeated 10 times for eight weeks. In addition to the vestibular home exercise training, the exercise training group received square-step exercise training three days a week for eight weeks. Demographic variables were recorded. Postural control was assessed using Computerized Dynamic Posturography (CDP), cognitive function was evaluated using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and gait was assessed using Dynamic Gait Index (DGI). Evaluations were performed before and after the treatment. Results: In square step exercise group, balance score obtained by using posturography, MoCA, and DGI scores were significantly increased (p<0.001). Conclusion: In older fallers, square step exercise training has an essential place regarding postural control, cognitive function, and gait. We believe that exercise training would be an effective treatment approach for increasing level of functional independence in older fallers

YAŞLI BİREYLERDE KARE ADIM EGZERSİZ EĞİTİMİNİN POSTÜRAL KONTROL, KOGNİTİF FONKSİYON VE YÜRÜYÜŞ ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ: PİLOT ÇALIŞMA

Amaç: Düşmeler yaşlı bireylerde sık karşılaşılan bir durumdur. 65 yaş üstünde, sağlıklı ve toplum içinde yaşayan bireylerin yıllık düşme oranı %30-40 olarak kaydedilmiştir. Bu nedenle yaşlı bireylerde düşmeyi önlemeye yönelik fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon uygulamaları önem kazanmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, düşme hikayesi olan yaşlı bireylerde kare adım egzersiz eğitiminin postüral kontrol, kognitif fonksiyonlar ve yürüyüş üzerine etkisini incelemekti. Yöntem: Çalışmaya yılda en az iki kez düşme hikayesi olan 16 yaşlı birey katıldı. Sekiz birey kontrol grubuna ve sekiz birey egzersiz eğitimi grubuna dahil edildi. Kontrol grubundaki bireyler sekiz hafta boyunca günde iki kez egzersizler 10 kez tekrarlanarak vestibüler ev egzersiz programını evde uyguladı. Egzersiz programındaki bireylere ise, vestibüler ev egzersiz programına ek olarak sekiz hafta boyunca haftada üç gün kare adım egzersizleri uygulandı. Bireylerin demografik bilgileri kaydedildi. Egzersiz programı öncesi ve sonrasında postüral kontrol Bilgisayarlı Dinamik Postürografi (BDP), kognitif fonksiyonlar Montreal Bilişsel Değerlendirme Ölçeği (MBDÖ) ve yürüyüş ise Dinamik Yürüme İndeksi (DYİ) ile değerlendirildi. Sonuçlar: Kare adım egzersiz eğitimi uygulanan grupta postürografi ile elde edilen denge skorunda, MBDÖ ve DYİ skorlarında anlamlı bir artış olduğu belirlendi (p<0,001). Tartışma: Düşme hikayesi olan yaşlı bireylerde kare adım egzersiz programı postüral kontrol, kognitif fonksiyonlar ve yürüyüş üzerine etkileri açısından önemli yere sahiptir. Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda egzersizlerin düşme hikayesi olan yaşlı bireylerde fonksiyonel bağımsızlık düzeyini artırmada ve kognitif fonksiyonların korunmasında etkili bir tedavi yaklaşımı olacağını düşünmekteyiz.Purpose: Falling is a common condition in elderly individuals. Over 65 years of age, annual rate of falling is 30-40% in healthy and community-dwelling elderly. Therefore, physiotherapy and rehabilitation approaches to prevent falling in elderly individuals are gaining importance. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of square-step exercise program on postural control, cognitive function, and gait in olderwith falling history. Methods: Sixteen elderly subjects with history of falling at least twice a year participated in this study. Eight subjects were in control group and eight elderly subjects were in exercise group. Subjects in the control group followed vestibular home exercise program twice a day, each exercise repeated 10 times for eight weeks. In addition to the vestibular home exercise training, the exercise training group received square-step exercise training three days a week for eight weeks. Demographic variables were recorded. Postural control was assessed using Computerized Dynamic Posturography (CDP), cognitive function was evaluated using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and gait was assessed using Dynamic Gait Index (DGI). Evaluations were performed before and after the treatment. Results: In square step exercise group, balance score obtained by using posturography, MoCA, and DGI scores were significantly increased (p<0.001). Conclusion: In older fallers, square step exercise training has an essential place regarding postural control, cognitive function, and gait. We believe that exercise training would be an effective treatment approach for increasing level of functional independence in older fallers

Comparison of Physical Activity, Exercise Barriers, Physical Performance, and Fall Risks in Frail and Nonfrail Older Adults

© Copyright 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. Unauthorized reproduction of this article is prohibited.Objectives: The present research aimed to identify the difference between physical activity, physical performance, balance, fall risk, and exercise barriers in frail and nonfrail older adults. Methods: One hundred nineteen voluntary individuals older than 65 years and living in Kirikkale were enrolled in the research. The Clinical Frailty Scale was employed to evaluate the frailty level of the individuals included in the study. In line with the data obtained after the evaluation, individuals were separated into 2 groups as frail and nonfrail individuals. Exercise barriers were evaluated with the Exercise Benefits/Barriers Scale (EBBS), physical activity level was evaluated with the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE), lower extremity physical performance was assessed with the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) test, and fall risk was assessed with the Self-Rated Fall Risk Questionnaire (FRQ). Results: Ninety-three of the individuals enrolled in the study were found to be nonfrail and 26 to be frail older adults. The mean age of the individuals in the nonfrail group was 70.36 ± 6.10 years, and the mean age of the individuals in the frail group was 76.53 ± 7.37 years. In the statistical analysis, the difference was revealed between the groups in terms of the exercise barriers subscore, EBBS total score, PASE leisure activity score, PASE total score, FRQ total score, and SPPB total result (P <.05). In the correlation analysis, there was a negative correlation between the frailty scale score and SPPB and a positive correlation between the frailty scale score and FRQ in nonfrail older adults (P <.05). However, there was a positive correlation between the frailty scale score and exercise barriers subscore, EBBS and FRQ total scores, and a negative correlation between the PASE leisure activities, work activities and PASE total score, and SPPB score in frail individuals (P <.05). Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that the physical activity levels of frail older adults were poorer, they had a higher fall risk, and their activity performance, including the lower extremity, was poorer than that of nonfrail older adults

The relationship between balance, trunk muscular endurance, and functional level in individuals with chronic low back pain

Aim: This study was planned to investigate the relationship between trunk muscular endurance, balance, and functional level in individuals with chronic low back pain. Material and Methods: Sixty-three individuals, aged 18-65 years and having chronic low back pain for the last six months, were included in the study. Sociodemographic data of the individuals were recorded. The static and dynamic endurance of trunk muscles was evaluated by the curl-up test and modified Sorenson test. In order to evaluate the dynamic balance, the Timed Up and Go test was performed. The functionality level related to the low back pain of individuals was evaluated by the Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire. Results: Forty-one female (65%) and twenty-two male (35%) individuals were included in the study. The mean age of the individuals was 40.50 ± 16.75 years, and the mean body mass index was 26.51 ± 5.34 kg/m2 . A moderate negative correlation was found between trunk flexor and extensor muscle endurance with both dynamic balance and functional level (p<0.05). Conclusion: It was determined that there is a significant relationship between balance, trunk muscular endurance, and functional level. The presence of this relationship may guide the planning of exercise therapy in individuals with chronic low back pain