Reply to: The furcal nerve revisited

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The course and branching pattern of the deep branch of the radial nerve in relation to the supinator muscle in fetus elbow

We aimed to make first demonstration of the course and branching pattern of deep branch of the radial nerve (DBRN) in relation to the supinator muscle in the forearms of fetuses and make morphological measurements in both fetuses and adults. We carried out dissection on 80 radial nerves from 20 adult cadavers (16 males and 4 females), ranging from 30 to 56 years old and 20 formalin-fixed, spontaneously aborted fetuses (10 males and 10 females) without detectable malformations, ranging from 20 to 37 weeks of gestation. There were three different branching patterns of the DBRN in fetuses. It divided its terminal branches at entrance of the supinator in 2 (5%), after entry of the supinator in 4 (10%) and after the supinator in 34 (85%) forearms. The course was bilaterally same in fetuses. Dividing pattern at the entrance of the supinator was not seen in adults. Only 4 (10%) were seen at after entering to the supinator and 36 (90%) were seen at after the supinator. We saw in fetuses neither fibrous band deep from the extensor carpi radialis longus nor upper border of the supinator. We assume that these fibrous structures appear after birth, perhaps favored by physical exercise, such as repeated pronation-supination movements. We think that it is one of the reasons why DBRN compression has never been reported in children. This is the Wrst fetal study about the course and branching pattern of the DBRN and there is a constant ratio (mean 4.3) between the measurements of the fetuses and adults

Multivariations of the Left Gastric Artery: A Case Report

The left gastric artery, which is the smallest branch of the coeliac trunk, travels along the lesser curvature of the stomach. During routine abdominal dissections, we encountered multivariations of the left gastric artery in a 65 year old male cadaver. The left gastric artery arose from the coeliac trunk as the first branch, afterwards it divided into two branches. The branch which passed to the right side gave three branches; to the left lobe of the liver (an accessory hepatic artery), to the fundus of the stomach and oesophagus, respectively. The branch which passed to the left side divided into two main trunks. The anterior trunk supplied the fundus and anterior wall of the stomach and the posterior trunk supplied the fundus and the posterior wall of the stomach. Consequently the posterior wall of the stomach was supplied by the posterior trunk instead of the posterior gastric artery of the splenic artery. Knowledge of the different anatomical variations of the arterial supply of the liver and stomach is of great importance in hepatobiliary and gastric surgical procedures. Therefore we believe our case will facilitate clinical aproaches related to this region

Anthropometry of the Medial Canthal Ligament Related to Naso-Orbitoethmoidal Fractures

Objective: Medial canthal ligament (MCL) and lacrimal system are often associated with naso-orbitoethmoidal fractures. The MCL anchors tarsal plate to medial orbit and has an important role in lacrimal pump system. The purpose of this study was to describe the anatomy of the MCL and present the anthropometric measurements on cadaveric specimens

Morphometric Assessment Of Corpus Callosum And Cerebral Hemispheres With Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Objective: In this study, our purpose was to assess the relationship between handedness, footedness and the morphological differences of certain intracranial structures on MR images. Material and Methods: 63 healthy male and 52 healthy female individuals were included in the study. In each subject, 16 measurements of intracranial structures were taken on MR images. Area of corpus callosum, also left and right cerebral hemispheres, length of CC, width of genu (r1), truncus (r2), isthmus (r3) and splenium of CC (r4) and width of corresponding cerebral hemisphere were measured. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in R3 (width of the corresponding cerebral hemisphere to r3) distance between those using their right feet and those using their left feet. Angle of genu in right-handed people was greater in males than in females. Angle of genu in cases using the left foot was greater in females than in males for standing on one leg. Conclusion: Morphometric assessment of CC with MR imaging related to handedness and footedness may be useful in demonstrating the relationship between callosal morphology, gender differences and extremity preference in neuroscience.Wo