The levels of some biochemical parameters in Anatolian buffaloes with trichophytosis

Bu çalışmanın amacı trikofitozisli Anadolu mandalarında bazı biyokimyasal parametrelerin seviyelerinin belirlenmesidir. Çalışmada kırk adet Anadolu mandası iki guruba ayrıldı, on beş Anadolu mandası kontrol grubunda iken geriye kalan yirmi beş Anadolu mandası çalışma grubunda yer aldı, bu gruptaki hayvanlarda klinik ve mikrobiyolojik olarak trikofitozis teşhis edilmişti. Anadolu mandalarının vena jugularislerinden alınan kanlardan serum elde edildi. Serum aspartat aminotransferaz (AST), alanin aminotransferaz (ALT), gama-glutamiltransferaz (GGT), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), kan üre nitrojen (BUN), total bilirubin (TBil) ve kreatin konsantrasyonları ticari kitler kullanılarak ölçüldü. Trikofitozisli Anadolu mandalarında serum ALT ve AST konsantrasyonları kontrol gurubundan daha yüksek (p<0.05) tespit edildi. BUN ve kreatin konsantrasyonları kontrol grubunda daha yüksekti (p<0.05). Ayrıca TP, ALB, TBil ve GGT konsantrasyonlarında gruplar arasında farklılık yoktu. Sonuç olarak trikofitozis, Anadolu mandalarında ALT ve AST konsantrasyonlarını yükseltirken, BUN ve kreatin konsantrasyonlarını düşürdü. Bu durumun trikofitozisin karaciğer üzerinde oluşturduğu olumsuz etkiden kaynaklandığı düşünülmektedir.The aim of this study is to identify some biochemical parameters levels in Anatolian buffaloes with trichophytosis. The material occur forty Anatolian buffaloes divided in two groups, fifteen Anatolian buffaloes placed in control group and remaining twenty five Anatolian buffaloes served as experimental group, diagnosed as trichophytosis following clinical and microbiological examination. Serum produced from the blood taken out the vena jugularis of all the Anatolian buffaloes. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), total bilirubin (TBil) and creatine concentrations in the serum were measured by using commercial kits. While Anatolian buffaloes with trichophytosis serum ALT and AST levels were found higher (p<0.05) than the control group. BUN and creatine levels were found higher (p<0.05) in the control group. Besides, there were no difference found between the groups regarding the TP, ALB, TBil and GGT concentrations. As a result, while trichophytosis in Anatolian buffaloes causes ALT and AST concentrations to increase, it decreases the BUN and creatine concentrations. It is thought that this situation takes place as a result of the bad effect of trichophytosis on liver

Lipid and protein oxidation and levels of selenium containing antioxidants in coronary artery patients

Ateroskleroz, arterlerde kalınlasma ve elastikiyet kaybı ile kendini gösteren ve özellikle aorta, koroner ve serebral arterleri tutan bir damar hastalığıdır. Ateroskleroz patojenezi ile ilgili çesitli hipotezler öne sürülmüstür. Bu hipotezler arasında en geçerli olanı oksidatif stres hipotezidir. Oksidatif stres basit bir sekilde, vücudun antioksidan savunması ile serbest radikal üretimi arasındaki dengesizlik olarak tanımlanabilir. Reaktif oksijen türlerine (ROS) karsı enzimatik korumayı sağlayan, protein oksidasyonu ve DNA’ daki hasarı önleyen Süperoksit dismutaz (SOD), katalaz (CAT), glutatyon peroksidaz (GPx), glutatyon redüktaz (GSSG-R) gibi çesitli enzim sistemleri vardır. Klinik çalısmalar, aterosklerotik hastalarda antioksidan aktivenin azaldığını göstermektedir. Bununla beraber ateroskleroz ile antioksidan markerlarının seviyeleri arasındaki iliski tam bilinmektedir. Koroner kalp hastalığında serum lipid profillerinin değistiği belirtilmektedir. Ateroskleroz gelismesine en ciddi katkısı olan lipid fraksiyonu düsük dansiteli lipoprotein (LDL)-kolesteroldür. Plazmada LDL-kolesterolün artması ile subendotelyal bölgede depolanma ve inflamatuar hücre yanıtının basladığı kabul edilir. Epidemiyolojik çalısmalar, toplumların total ve LDL-kolesterol düzeyleri yükseldikçe koroner arter hastalığı riskinin arttığını göstermistir. Bu çalısmada, koroner anjiyografi yapılan 59 hasta (21 kadın, 38 erkek) tıkalı damar sayılarına göre 3 gruba ayrıldı. I. grup bir damarı tıkalı olanlardan (n= 21), II. grup iki damarı tıkalı olanlardan (n= 18) ve III. grup üç damarı tıkalı olanlardan (n= 20) olusturuldu. Kontrol grubunu, koroner anjiyografi sonucu normal olan 12’si kadın ve 7’si erkek 19 kisi olusturdu. Alınan kan örneklerinden serumda lipid panellerine, plazmadan malondialdehit (MDA), protein karbonil içeriği (PCO) ve plazma sülfhidril (-SH) grupları, eritrosit redükte glutatyon (GSH) düzeyleri, GPx ve GSSG-R aktiviteleri ölçüldü.Yapılan çalısmalar sonucunda koroner kalp hastalarında kontrol grubuna göre plazma MDA düzeyinin arttığı, eritrosit GPx aktivitesinin azaldığı gözlemlendi. Plazma karbonil ve –SH düzeylerinde, serum total kolesterol, trigliserid, LDL, VLDL ve HDL kolesterol düzeylerinde, eritrosit GSH düzeyleri ve GSSG-R aktivitelerinde çalısma grubu ile kontrol grubu arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmadı. Bu çalısmada aterosklerotik hastalarda lipid peroksidasyonunun arttığını ve antioksidan bir enzim olan GPx seviyesinin azaldığını bulduk. Damar tıkanıklığı ile lipid paneli arasında bir korelasyonun bulunmaması, lipid panelinin aterosklerozun her zaman erken göstergesi olamayacağını ortaya koymustur. Aterosklerozda MDA düzeyinin artması ve GPx aktivitesinin azalması nedeniyle, klinikte bu parametrelerin lipid paneli ile birlikte bakılması aterosklerozun erken tanısında yararlı olabilir. Bu düsüncenin geçerliliği için daha ileri çalısmalara gerek vardır.Atherosclerosis is a vessel disease that it shows is self with becoming thick and losing flexibility of arteries, and catchs especially aorta, coronary and cerebral arteries. There is a variety of hypothesis about the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis which is suggested. The most common valid hypothesis among them is the hypothesis of oxidative stress. The oxidative stress can be basically defined as a unbalance between the antioxidant defence and free radicals production of body. Enzymatic protection against ROS and the breakdown products of peroxidized lipids and oxidized protein and DNA is provided by many enzyme systems such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GSSG-R). Clinical studies shows that on atherosclerotic patients the activity of antioxidant becomes less. However the relation between atherosclerosis and levels of antioxidant markers is not known entirely. It has been noted that in the coronary heart disease the profiles of serum lipid is changing. In the development of atherosclerosis the most serious contrubition that of lipid fraction is low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol. It is accepted that by the increase in LDL-cholesterol, the store in subendothelial area and response of inflammatuary cell starts. Epidemiological studies has shown that by the increase in LDL- cholesterol levels of societies, the risk of coronary arteries disease is also increasing. In this study, 59 patients (21 women, 38 men) who undergoing coronary angiography that divided in 3 groups according to their number of obstructed coronaries; one vessel (n=21), two vessels (n=18) and three vessels (n=20). The subjects with normal coronary angiograms (n=19, 12 women, 7 men) were evaluated as controls. Serum lipid panels, plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyls (PCO), total sulfhydryl (-SH) levels, erythrocyte glutathione (GSH) levels, GPx and GSSG-R activities measured from the blood samples taken from patients and controls. As the result of study, on coronary heart patients were observed that the plasma MDA levels were increased, the erythrocyte GPx activities were decreased with regard to control group. No statistical significant relation has been found on PCO and -SH levels, serum total cholesterol, trygliseride, LDL, very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) collestrol levels, erytrocyte GSH levels and GSSG-R activities between patients and control groups. In this study, we found that increase of lipid peroxidation and decrease of GPx level which is an antioxidant enzyme on the atherosclerotic patients. The lacking of correlation between vessel obstruction and lipid panel has revealed that lipid panel wouldn’t be the early indicator of atheosclerosis in all instances. Since the increase of MDA level and GPx activity in aterosclerosis, it would be benefical to checking these parameters in clinic with lipid panel in order to make early diagnosis of atherosclerosis. For validity of these ideas, there is a necessary to more advanced studies

Resveratrolün erkek sıçanlarda diyabetin oluşturduğu vasküler doku hasarı ve inflamasyonu üzerine etkiler

WOS:000409300500009Objective: The present study aims to investigate the short-term effects of resveratrol on histopathological characteristics and inflammatory cytokines of the heart and thoracic aorta tissues in animal models of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. Methods: Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups; (1) control/vehicle, (2) control/20 mg/kg resveratrol, (3) diabetic/vehicle, (4) diabetic/20 mg/kg resveratrol. Heart and thoracic aorta were examined histopathologically and the levels of interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-18 and tissue necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha were analyzed by ELISA. Malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were determined with HPLC. Results: Diabetes group had significantly higher vascular MDA content (p < 0.05) as compared with the control and resveratrol treated groups. Resveratrol significantly reduced vascular MDA level in diabetic animals (p < 0.05). Significant elevation in IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha contents in thoracic aorta and IL-18 contents in cardiac and arterial tissues with diabetes were almost normalized with resveratrol treatment. Additionally, diabetic animals demonstrated significant endothelial damage, irregularities in smooth muscle fibers and degeneration of elastic fibers in thoracic aortas together with significant irregularities and hypertrophy in cardiac muscle fibers. Resveratrol significantly improved most of these histopathological alterations. Conclusion: Four-week-long intraperitoneal administration of resveratrol may restore the diabetes related inflammation and oxidative stress within the cardiovascular system.Amaç: Bu çalışma, streptozotocin (STZ) ile oluşturulmuş diyabetin hayvan modellerinde resveratrolün kalp ve damar dokularında histopatolojik özellikler ve inflamatuar sitokinler üzerine kısa süreli etkilerini araştırmayı amaçlamıştır.Metod: Erkek Wistar sıçanları (1) kontrol, (2) kontrol/20 mg/kg resveratrol, (3) diyabetik, (4) diyabetik/20 mg/kg resveratrol olmak üzere dört gruba ayrılmıştır. Kalp ve damar dokuları histopatolojik olarak incelenmiştir. Buna ilave olarak, interleukin (IL)-1?, IL-18 ve doku nekroz faktör (TNF)-? düzeyleri ELISA yöntemiyle, malondialdehit (MDA) miktarı ise HPLC ile belirlenmiştir.Bulgular: Diyabet grubunda vasküler MDA miktarı kontrol ve resveratrol gruplarına göre anlamlı ölçüde (p < 0,05) yükselmiştir. Diyabetik hayvanlarda resveratrol, vasküler MDA düzeylerini anlamlı derecede (p < 0,05) düşürmüştür. Torasik aorta dokularındaki IL-1? ve TNF-? düzeylerinde meydana gelen anlamlı artış, kardiyak ve arterial dokularındaki IL-18 düzeylerindeki yükseliş, resveratrol uygulamasıyla büyük ölçüde normalize edilmiştir. Buna ilave olarak diyabetik hayvanların torasik aortlarında anlamlı ölçüde endotel hasar, düz kas liflerinde düzensizlikler ve elastik liflerinde dejenerasyon gösterilmiştir. Ayrıca kardiyak kas liflerinde belirginleşen düzensizlikler ve hipertropi gösterilmiştir. Diyabetik hayvanlara resveratrol tedavisi, bu olumsuz değişiklikleri kısmi olarak iyileştirmiştir.Sonuç: Dört hafta boyunca intraperitonal yoldan uygulanan resveratrol, kardiyovasküler sistemde diyabetle meydana gelen inflamasyon ve oksidatif stresi azaltacak potansiyele sahiptirTUBITAK research fundTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [3501/112T159]This study was partially supported by grants from TUBITAK research fund (3501/112T159)

Does the use of Bispecteral Index reduce the oxidative stress in Endoscopic Retrograde Pancreoticocolangiography?

Background: Endoscopic Retrograde Pancreoticocolangiography (ERCP) is performed for resolving cholestasis by sphincterotomy and/or stone extraction and is done with deep sedation or general anesthesia.Aim: Our aim was to evaluate the effects of the depth of anesthesia on oxidative stress provided via Bispecteral Index (BIS) monitorisation during the ERCP procedure by analyzing the biochemical parameters. And also was the effects of anesthesia depth on propofol consumption and postoperative sedation status.Methods: 50 patients undergoing ERCP procedure were randomly allocated in two groups. Propofol was given to provide the patients Ramsey sedation scale as 3 and 4 in Group R (n=25) patients whereas it was given to Group B (n=25) patients to provide BIS values between 65 to 85. The levels of total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), and OSI were measured. Hemodynamic signs, propofol consumption, postoperative recovery time were recorded.Results: TAS and OSI values were similar between the groups but TOS levels were significantly lower in Group B (p=0.027). Heart rate and mean arterial pressures of Group R were significantly higher than Group B. Propofol consumption and postoperative recovery time were smaller in Group B patients (p=0.001, p=0.000).Conclusion: In patients undergoing ERCP, using adequate sedation by BIS monitoring, may not only allow us to avoid unnecessary anesthetic drug consumption but also decrease the oxidant status.</p

High-fructose in drinking water initiates activation of inflammatory cytokines and testicular degeneration in rat

The increased consumption of high-fructose in diet may contribute to high prevalence of metabolicsyndrome in the world. The influence of high-fructose diet on male reproductive system has beenpoorly documented. In this study, we investigated the effects of dietary high-fructose on the expres-sion of inflammatory cytokines in association with certain testicular proteins and sex hormones in thetestis of rats. Fructose was given to the rats as 20% solution (7.8 mg/kg) in drinking water for15 weeks. Dietary high-fructose caused testicular degeneration, also decreased testicular concentrationof testosterone and right testis absolute weight. This dietary intervention increasediNOSandTNF-amRNAs as well as iNOS, NF-jB, and p-NF-jbproteins, but decreasedIL-10andIL-6mRNAs expressions,in testicular samples of rats. Moreover, testicular TNF-a, IL-1b, and iNOS and plasma IL-1blevels weresignificantly increased in rats fed with fructose. A marked increase in the expression level of IGF-1Rprotein was considered in testicular tissue of fructose-treated rats. The expression intensities of c-kit,claudin-1, and pan-cadherin were comparable in seminiferous tubules of control and fructose-treatedrats. In conclusion, high-fructose intake of rats leads to activation of inflammatory cytokines, which isaccompanied by testicular degeneration. These changes could be responsible for hormonal dysfunc-tion with low intra-testicular testosterone level, which could be relevant to male infertility.Gazi University: BAP 02/2017-2

Dietary fructose-induced hepatic injury in male and female rats: influence of resveratrol

WOS:000393910300005PubMed:27824430Purpose: Relatively little is known about gender-dependent susceptibility to hepatic injury induced by nutritional factors. In the current study, we investigated dietary fructose-induced hepatic degeneration and roles of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), insulin receptor (IR beta) and substrate-1 (IRS-1) expressions in association with inflammatory markers in male and female rats. Moreover, we examined potential effect of resveratrol on fructose-induced changes. Methods: Male and female rats were divided into 4 groups as control, resveratrol, fructose and resveratrol plus fructose. All rats were fed with a standard diet with or without resveratrol (500 mg/kg). Fructose was given as 10 % in drinking waterfor 24 weeks. Results: Long-term dietary fructose caused parenchymal degeneration and hyperemia in association with impaired eNOS mRNA/protein expressions in liver of male and female rats. This dietary intervention also led to increases in hepatic triglyceride content, TNF alpha and IL-1 beta levels in both genders. Gender-related differences to consequence of fructose consumption were not obvious. Resveratrol supplementation markedly attenuated hepatic degeneration, hyperemia and triglyceride content in association with reduced TNF alpha and IL-1 beta levels, but enhanced IR beta mRNA and IRS-1 protein, in male and female rats upon fructose feeding. Conclusion: Long-term dietary fructose causes hepatic degeneration possibly via a decrease in eNOS, but increase in TNF alpha and IL-1 beta, in both genders. Resveratrol supplementation improved fructose-induced hepatic injury.Gazi University Research FundGazi University [BAP 02/2010-27]This study was supported by grants from Gazi University Research Fund (BAP 02/2010-27)

The inverse association between ANGPTL8 and PI3K-mTOR-PPAR gamma expressions in adipose tissue of high-fructose-fed rats: The modulatory effect of kefir

WOS:000729121600001Background and Aims: The dietary high-fructose intake might be a risk factor for several metabolic diseases. Kefir, a fermented milk product, has been proposed to have beneficial health effects. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of fructose consumption and kefir supplementation on the lipogenesis-related genes including angiopoietin-like protein 8 (angptl8), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (pi3k), mammalian target of rapamycin (mtor), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (ppar gamma) as well as inflammatory factors in the adipose tissue to provide new mechanistic insights into lipogenesis. Methods: Fructose was given to the rats as a 20% solution in drinking water for 15 weeks. Kefir was administered by gastric gavage once a day during the final six weeks. Results: There was an upregulation of angptl8 mRNA expression in adipose tissue of rats given fructose. However, expressions of pi3k, mtor, and ppar gamma mRNAs were impaired in the adipose tissue. The increased interleukin (IL)-1 beta levels, but decreased IL-10, were also measured. There was no change in expressions of sirtuin1 (sirt1) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (nrf2). Kefir supplementation suppressed expression of angptl8, but increased pi3k and mtor in the adipose tissue of high-fructose-fed rats. Conclusion: Activation of gene expression of angptl8, together with the suppression of pi3k, mtor, and ppar gamma, showed that there was an inverse association between these lipogenic genes in the adipose tissue of rats fed with high-fructose. Kefir supplementation has modulatory effects on fructose-induced changes except for ppar gamma expression. These findings showed that dietary fructose and kefir might reciprocally affect the lipogenesis-related genes in the adipose tissue.This study was supported by Gazi University Research Fund with the grant number BAP 02/2018-14