Justiça Restaurativa: Um Modelo Democrático de Reforma Institucional?

This article aims to reflect on restorative justice as a possible paradigm of institutional reform in the Brazilian context, given the numerous structural problems in its prison system. Initially, a diagnosis of the current situation of the Brazilian prison system and impacts suffered by individuals deprived of liberty will be displayed. It will then be raised some possibilities of reforms presented by scholars and policy makers. Finally, it will be presented restorative justice as an alternative to traditional retributive justice model. From a brief explanation of its concept and its values, the purpose is to think if this new way of dealing with crime can contribute to a more participatory and democratic criminal justice system, pointing out challenges to the implementation of this justice paradigm in Brazil. At the end of the text, an assessment of the discussion will be presented, concluding that the adoption of restorative justice as a possible reform of the Brazilian criminal justice system seems promising, although adopted in experimental and incrementally manner and in need of further researches taking into account the particularities of the country.Este artigo se propõe a refletir acerca da justiça restaurativa como um paradigma possível de reforma institucional no contexto brasileiro, diante dos inúmeros problemas estruturais existentes no sistema prisional. Inicialmente, será apresentado um diagnóstico da situação atual  do  sistema  carcerário  brasileiro  e  de  impactos  sofridos  pelos  indivíduos  em cumprimento  de  pena  privativa  de  liberdade.  Em  seguida,  serão  levantadas  algumas possibilidades de reformas apresentadas por estudiosos e policy makers. Por fim, será apresentada  a  justiça  restaurativa  como  alternativa  ao  modelo  de  justiça  retributiva tradicional. A partir de uma breve explicitação do seu conceito e de seus valores, o objetivo é pensar se essa nova forma de lidar com o delito pode contribuir para um sistema de justiça criminal mais participativo e democrático, apontando-se desafios à implementação desse paradigma  de  justiça  no  Brasil.  No  final  do  texto,  é  feito  um  balanço  da  discussão apresentada, concluindo-se que a adoção da justiça restaurativa como possível reforma do sistema  de  justiça  criminal  brasileiro  parece  promissora,  ainda  que  adotada  de  forma experimental e incremental e carente de estudos mais aprofundados que levem em conta as particularidades do país

Oberlin partial ulnar nerve transfer for restoration in obstetric brachial plexus palsy of a newborn: case report

An 8 month old male infant with Erb's birth palsy was treated with two peripheral nerve transfers. Except for rapid motor reinnervations, elbow flexion was obtained by an Oberlin's partial ulnar nerve transfer, while shoulder abduction was restored by an accessory-to-suprascapular nerve transfer. The initial contraction of the biceps muscle occurred two months after surgery. Forty months after surgery, elbow flexion reached M5 without functional loss of the ulnar nerve. This case demonstrates an excellent result of an Oberlin's nerve transfer for restoration of flexion of the elbow joint in Erb's birth palsy. However, at this time partial ulnar nerve transfer for Erb's birth palsy is an optional procedure; a larger number of cases will need to be studied for it to be widely accepted as a standard procedure for Erb's palsy at birth

関節リウマチ(RA)患者のNSAIDs長期投与における胃粘膜障害発生因子ならびにファモチジンの治療効果に関する検討

The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of gastric mucosal injury induced by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed on 100 RA patients treated with NSAIDs. Patient factors potentially contributing to the development of NSAID-induced gastric mucosal injury were identified by logistic regression analysis; gastric mucosal injury and ulcers were used as objective variables. Gastric mucosal injury was detected in 62 of 100 patients, and eight of these patients had ulcers. Previous history of ulcers, lifestyle, NSAID dosage, and body mass index were associated with the development of gastric mucosal injury, and the use of diclofenac and steroid dose were associated with the development of ulcers. Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) did not appear to influence the risk of NSAID-induced gastric mucosal injury. RA patients treated for long periods with NSAIDs for RA symptoms should be controlled with DMARDs, without consideration of increased doses of steroids, in terms of risk for NSAID-induced gastric mucosal injury. Simultaneously, concomitant use of histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RA) such as famotidine should be considered.博士（医学）・乙第1354号・平成27年3月16日© Japan College of Rheumatology 2009© Springer International Publishing AG, Part of Springer Science+Business Medi