Postoperative pain intensity after using different instrumentation techniques: a randomized clinical study

Postoperative pain is a frequent complication associated with root canal treatment, especially during apical instrumentation of tooth with preexisting periradicular inflammation Objectives The aim of this clinical study was to evaluate the influence of the instrumentation techniques on the incidence and intensity of postoperative pain in single-visit root canal treatment. Material and Methods Ninety patients with single root/canal and non-vital pulps were included. The patients were assigned into 3 groups according to root canal instrumentation technique used; modified step-back, reciprocal, and rotational techniques. Root canal treatment was carried out in a single visit and the severity of postoperative pain was assessed via 4-point pain intensity scale. All the participants were called through the phone at 12, 24 and 48 h to obtain the pain scores. Data were analyzed through the Kruskal–Wallis test. Results There was significant difference between all groups (

Evaluation of Postoperative Pain After Using Different File Systems: A Randomized Clinical Study

Objectives: This study evaluated the effect of instrumentation techniques on the postoperative pain after single-visit root canal treatment. Materials and Methods: Sixty patients having an indication of endodontic treatment were included. Only single rooted teeth were selected The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups. In group 1; the root canals were instrumented using ProTaper Next instruments with rotational motion, in group 2 TF Adaptive instruments with adaptive motion were used during instrumentation. Treatments were completed in a single appointment. Postoperative pain questionnaires were scored by patients using a four-point pain intensity scale for 12, 24, and 48 hours. Mann Whitney-U, Friedman and Wilcoxon tests were used for analyzing the final data. Results: The comparison of time intervals between groups demonstrated no difference between both groups (p>.05). In both groups, the postoperative pain values of 12h time period were significantly higher than both other periods, and significant difference was found between 24h and 48h time periods (p<0.05). The postoperative pain values of 48h time period were significantly lower than the other two time periods (p<0.05). Conclusions: Both instrumentation techniques caused postoperative pain. The pain scores indicated that both techniques caused limited discomfort associated with slight pain which did not require any additional treatment and medication

Comparison of the Shear Bond Strengths of Ceramic Brackets Using Either a Self-Etching Primer or the Conventional Method after Intracoronal Bleaching

Objective:To evaluate the initial shear bond strengths (SBSs) of ceramic brackets using either a self-etching primer (SEP) or the conventional method (CM) after intracoronal bleaching with sodium perborate and distilled water.Methods:Eighty human incisors were divided into four groups according to bleaching and bonding procedures: Group 1, bleaching was not applied and the brackets were bonded with a self-etching primer; Group 2, bleaching was not applied and the brackets were bonded with the conventional method; Group 3, intracoronal bleaching with sodium perborate was applied for three weeks and the brackets were bonded with a self-etching primer; and Group 4, intracoronal bleaching with sodium perborate was applied for three weeks and the brackets were bonded with the conventional method. A self-etching primer (Transbond Plus) was applied as recommended by the manufacturer. After SEP application, the ceramic brackets were bonded with a light-curing adhesive (Transbond XT). For the conventional method, the teeth were etched with 37% phosphoric acid. After etching, a thin uniform coat of primer (Transbond XT Primer) was applied and the ceramic brackets were bonded with a light-curing adhesive (Transbond XT). SBSs were measured after water storage for 30 days, after 1000 cycles of thermocycling between 5°C and 55°C. Bond failure location was determined with the Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI).Results:For the SEP method, there was no significant difference between SBS values of the bleaching and non-bleaching groups. Furthermore, for the conventional method, the SBS value of the non-bleaching group was not significantly different from that of the bleaching group. SBS values of the SEP method presented significant differences from those of the conventional method (p<0.001). SBS values of SEP application decreased with and without bleaching. The ARI scores did not show any significant difference among the groups (p=0.174).Conclusion:Intracoronal bleaching with sodium perborate and distilled water did not affect the SBS values of ceramic brackets

EVALUATION OF APICAL AND CORONAL SEALING ABILITIES OF VARIOUS ROOT CANAL FILLING MATERIALS IN ROOT CANALS PREPARED WITH DIFFERENT ROOT CANAL INSTRUMENTS

Bu çalısmada, farklı kök kanal enstrümanları ile hazırlanan, farklı açılı güta perka konlar kullanılarak lateral kompaksiyon ve tek kon teknigi ile doldurulan kanallarda koronal ve apikal tıkama etkinlikleri sıvı filtrasyon yöntemi ile degerlendirildi. Çalısmada 168 adet çekilmis üst kesici dislerin kökleri kullanıldı. Dislerin 9 tanesi pozitif, 9 tanesi negatif kontrol grubu olmak üzere 18 dis ayrıldı. Kalan 150 dis üç gruba ayrıldı. Grup 1 de 30 adet dis paslanmaz çelik enstrümanlar kullanılarak genisletildi. Kanallar .02 açılı güta perka konlar kullanılarak lateral kompaksiyon teknigi ile dolduruldu. Grup 2 de 60 adet dis ProFile nikel titanyum enstrümanlar kullanılarak genisletildi ve 30 adet dis .02 açılı güta perka lateral kompaksiyon teknigi ile, 30 adet dis ise .06 açılı güta perka kullanılarak tek kon teknigi ile dolduruldu. Grup 3 te 60 adet dis ProTaper nikel titanyum enstrümanlar kullanılarak genisletildi ve 30 adet dis .02 açılı güta perka lateral kompaksiyon teknigi ile, 30 adet dis ise .06 açılı güta perka kullanılarak tek kon teknigi ile dolduruldu. Tüm dislerin apikal ve koronal sızıntıları sıvı filtrasyon teknigi kullanılarak sızıntı degerleri belirlendi. Elde edilen veriler tek yönlü ANOVA analizi ile karsılastırıldı. Paslanmaz çelik ve nikel titanyum enstrümanlar ile genisletilen ve doldurulan disler arasında apikal mikrosızıntı açısından anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmadı (p>0.05). Kök kanal dolgu teknikleri karsılastırıldıgında tek kon teknigi ile doldurulan tüm örnekler ile lateral kompaksiyon teknigi ile doldurulan tüm örneklerin mikrosızıntıları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık gözlemlenmedi (p>0.05). Sonuç olarak tüm gruplar içinde koronal sızıntılar degerlendirildiginde nikel titanyum ProFile ve ProTaper enstrümanlar ile genisletilerek lateral kompaksiyon metodu ile doldurulan gruplar, paslanmaz çelik enstrümanlar ile genisletilerek lateral kompaksiyon teknigi ile doldurulan gruptan belirgin olarak istatistiksel olarak daha az sızıntı gösterdigi belirlendi (p<0.05). Apikal sızıntı degerleri arasında ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık gözlemlenmedi (p>0.05). izmir gundem komik videolar cizgi film izle cizgi film 3d oyunlar oyunlar In this study, apical and coronal sealing efficicies of root canals was evaluated which were prepared with various root canal instruments and filled with different tapered gutta percha cones using with lateral compaction and single cone techniques by fluid filtration method. In this study, 168 extracted maxillary incisors roots were used. 9 of the teeth were selected as positive and another 9 teeth were selected as negative control groups. 150 teeth were randomly divided into three groups. In group 1, 30 roots were prepared with stainless steel root canal instruments and then were filled with lateral compaction technique by using .02 tapered master cones. In group 2, 60 roots were prepared with nickel titanium ProFile instruments and 30 of the samples were filled with lateral compaction technique by using .02 tapered master cones and 30 of the roots were filled with single cone technique by using .06 tapered gutta percha cones. In group 3, 60 roots were prepared with nickel titanium ProTaper instruments and 30 of the samples were filled with lateral compaction technique by using .02 tapered master cones and 30 of the roots were filled with single cone technique by using .06 tapered gutta percha cones. The apical and coronal leakage of all these samples were evaluated with the fluid filtration model. The results were statistically analyzed with one-way ANOVA. No statistically significant differences were recorded between the groups which were prepared with stainless steel and nickel titanium instruments (p>0.05). The comparative of root canal filling techniques revealed that there was no statistically difference between single cone technique and lateral compaction technique (p>0.05). In conclusion, between all these groups, the groups which were prepared with nickel titanium ProFile and ProTaper instruments and filled with lateral compaction technique showed significantly less coronal leakage than the group which was prepared with stainless steel instruments and filled with lateral compaction technique (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the apical leakage of the groups (p>0.05)

Periapical health related to the quality of coronal restorations and root fillings in Turkish population

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the quality of root canal treatments and coronal restorations investigating their influence on the periapical status of endodontically-treated teeth in a Turkish population based on radiographic examination. Materials and Methods: The study included 583 patients referred for routine dental care. A total of 1125 endodontically treated teeth were examined with panoramic radiographs. The quality of root canal fillings and coronal restorations were evaluated according to the criteria determined by Gündüz et al., which were slightly modified from those described by De Moor et al. Apical status was assessed by the Periapical Index (PAI) scores. Results: Out of 1125 endodontically treated teeth, 539 were classified as healthy and 586 as displaying apical periodontitis. Of these 539 subjects, 389 teeth had received quality endodontic treatment. Of 586 teeth with apical periodontitis, 500 had poor endodontic treatment. Four hundred and seventy-five teeth had adequate root canal fillings. Of these teeth, 389 were classified as healthy. Of the 666 teeth with adequate restoration, apical region was classified as healthy for 410 subjects. For the 388 teeth with both adequate coronal restorations and root canal fillings, the success rate was 85.3%. For the 372 teeth with both inadequate coronal restorations and root canal fillings, the success rate was 18.8%. Conclusions: The quality of root fillings in the population living in the back country of Turkey is in general below the acceptable standard and requires substantial improvement.Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the quality of root canal treatments and coronal restorations investigating their influence on the periapical status of endodontically-treated teeth in a Turkish population based on radiographic examination. Materials and Methods: The study included 583 patients referred for routine dental care. A total of 1125 endodontically treated teeth were examined with panoramic radiographs. The quality of root canal fillings and coronal restorations were evaluated according to the criteria determined by Gündüz et al., which were slightly modified from those described by De Moor et al. Apical status was assessed by the Periapical Index (PAI) scores. Results: Out of 1125 endodontically treated teeth, 539 were classified as healthy and 586 as displaying apical periodontitis. Of these 539 subjects, 389 teeth had received quality endodontic treatment. Of 586 teeth with apical periodontitis, 500 had poor endodontic treatment. Four hundred and seventy-five teeth had adequate root canal fillings. Of these teeth, 389 were classified as healthy. Of the 666 teeth with adequate restoration, apical region was classified as healthy for 410 subjects. For the 388 teeth with both adequate coronal restorations and root canal fillings, the success rate was 85.3%. For the 372 teeth with both inadequate coronal restorations and root canal fillings, the success rate was 18.8%. Conclusions: The quality of root fillings in the population living in the back country of Turkey is in general below the acceptable standard and requires substantial improvement

Elektronik apex bulucu cihazların düşük ve tam dolu pil/şarj durumlarının karşılaştırılması

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı Root ZX mini ve Raypex 6 elektronik apex bulucu cihazların (EAB) düşük ve tam dolu pil/şarj durumlarının kanal boyu ölçümündeki etkinliklerinin karşılaştırılmasıdır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada kök ucu gelişimi tamamlanmış 27 adet daimi alt çene keser diş kullanıldı. Giriş kaviteleri hazırlandı ve tüm örnekler numaralandırıldı. 10 numara K tipi eğe kök kanalı içerisine ucu apikal foramende görülünceye dek yerleştirildi ve gerçek kök kanal boyu belirlendi. Pil ile çalışan Root ZX mini ve şarj edilebilir özellikte olan Raypex 6 EAB cihazları üretici firma talimatlarına göre kullanıldı. Elektronik çalışma boyutu tespiti ilk olarak tam dolu ardından da düşük pil/şarj seviyesine sahip Root ZX mini ve Raypex 6 cihazları ile yapıldı. Gruplar arasındaki farklılıkların kıyaslanması Kruskal-Wallis istatistiksel analizi ile yapıldı. Bulgular: Raypex 6 ile yapılan ölçümlerde tam dolu ve düşük şarj seviyeleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır. Root ZX ve Raypex 6'nın tam dolu pil/şarj seviyeleri arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır. Düşük pil seviyesindeki Root ZX mini ile diğer deney grupları arasında ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark ortaya çıkmıştır(p< 0.05). Sonuç: Root ZX mini düşük pil seviyesinde farklı ölçümlere yol açmıştır ancak pil ile çalışan ve şarjlı elektronik apeks bulucu cihazları ile elektronik kanal boyu ölçümünde hem düşük hem de tam dolu pil/şarj seviyelerinde ±1 mm tolerans aralığı için kabul edilebilir ölçümler elde edilmiştirAim: The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the accuracy of Root ZX mini and Raypex 6 electronic apex locators (EAL) in low versus full battery/charge conditions. Material and methods: Twenty-seven extracted human mandibular incisor teeth with mature apices were used in this study. Access cavities were prepared and all specimens were numbered. #10 K file was introduced into the root canal until its tip was visualized at the apical foramen and the actual working length (AWL) was determined..The EALs; battery-powered Root ZX mini (J. Morita Corp, Tokyo, Japan) and rechargeble Raypex 6 (VDW, Munich, Germany) manufacturers’ instructions. The electronic working length (EWL) measurement differences with Root ZX mini and Raypex 6 in low and full battery/chargeconditions were compared among the groups. Statistical analyses were performed by the Kruskal–Wallis test.Results: No significant difference was observed between low and full charge condition of Raypex 6 groups. Although there was no significant difference between Root ZX with full battery and Raypex 6 with full charge conditions, contrary root ZX mini with low battery showed significant differences in comparison with the other groups (p< 0.05).Conclusion: Although the low battery condition of the EAL may cause deviations in measurements, the accuracy of the both battery powered and charged EALs presents acceptable results in low and full battery/charge conditions within the ±1 mm tolerance range. Nevertheless the low battery condition of the EAL may cause deviations in measurement

Efficacy of XP-Endo Finisher and Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation on Modified Triple Antibiotic Paste Removal

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare conventional needle irrigation (CNI), passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), and XP-endo Finisher (XPF) techniques in terms of modified triple antibiotic paste (mTAP) removal.Materials and Methods: A total of 30 mandibular premolars were instrumented to a size F3 file. A mixture of mTAP was prepared by mixing 3 antibiotics, including 250 mg ciprofloxacin, 250 mg metronidazole, and 150 mg clindamycin, with 1 ml distilled water and applied into the root canals. The teeth were allocated into 3 equal groups, irrigation/agitation was performed and teeth were divided into two halves. The removal of mTAP was evaluated with a scanning electron microscope by using the 4 grade scoring system.Results: In the apical thirds, significant difference was found between PUI and CNI groups (p&lt;0.05), whilst no significant difference was found among the other irrigation activation regimens (p&gt; 0.05). No statistically significant difference was found between all groups in the middle third. In the coronal thirds, XPF removed significantly more mTAP than the CNI group (p&lt;0.05). However, no difference was recorded among other groups (p&gt;0.05). Conclusions: Passive ultrasonic irrigation and XPF file agitation demonstrated superior efficacy in removing mTAP from root canals compared to CNI

Intraradicular Splinting with Endodontic Instrument of Horizontal Root Fracture

Introduction. Root fractures, defined as fractures involving dentine, cementum, and pulpal and supportive tissues, constitute only 0.5–7% of all dental injuries. Horizontal root fractures are commonly observed in the maxillary anterior region and 75% of these fractures occur in the maxillary central incisors. Methods. A 14-year-old female patient was referred to our clinic three days after a traffic accident. In radiographic examination, the right maxillary central incisor was fractured horizontally in apical thirds. Initially, following local infiltrative anesthetics, the coronal fragment was repositioned and this was radiographically confirmed. Then the stabilization splint was applied and remained for three months. After three weeks, according to the results of the vitality tests, the right and left central incisors were nonvital. For the right central incisor, both the coronal and apical fragments were involved in the endodontic preparation. Results. For the right central tooth, both the coronal and apical root fragments were endodontically treated and obturated at a single visit with white mineral trioxide aggregate whilst the fragments were stabilized internally by insertion of a size 40 Hedstrom stainless-steel endodontic file into the canal. Conclusion. Four-year follow-up examination revealed satisfactory clinical and radiographic findings with hard tissue repair of the fracture line

Case Report Intraradicular Splinting with Endodontic Instrument of Horizontal Root Fracture

Introduction. Root fractures, defined as fractures involving dentine, cementum, and pulpal and supportive tissues, constitute only 0.5-7% of all dental injuries. Horizontal root fractures are commonly observed in the maxillary anterior region and 75% of these fractures occur in the maxillary central incisors. Methods. A 14-year-old female patient was referred to our clinic three days after a traffic accident. In radiographic examination, the right maxillary central incisor was fractured horizontally in apical thirds. Initially, following local infiltrative anesthetics, the coronal fragment was repositioned and this was radiographically confirmed. Then the stabilization splint was applied and remained for three months. After three weeks, according to the results of the vitality tests, the right and left central incisors were nonvital. For the right central incisor, both the coronal and apical fragments were involved in the endodontic preparation. Results. For the right central tooth, both the coronal and apical root fragments were endodontically treated and obturated at a single visit with white mineral trioxide aggregate whilst the fragments were stabilized internally by insertion of a size 40 Hedstrom stainless-steel endodontic file into the canal. Conclusion. Four-year follow-up examination revealed satisfactory clinical and radiographic findings with hard tissue repair of the fracture line