Polish 2010 growth references for school-aged children and adolescents

Growth references are useful in monitoring a child's growth, which is an essential part of child care. The aim of this paper was to provide updated growth references for Polish school-aged children and adolescents and show the prevalence of overweight and obesity among them. Growth references for height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) were constructed with the lambda, mu, sigma (LMS) method using data from a recent, large, population-representative sample of school-aged children and adolescents in Poland (n = 17,573). The prevalence of overweight and obesity according to the International Obesity Taskforce definition was determined with the use of LMSGrowth software. Updated growth references for Polish school-aged children and adolescents were compared with Polish growth references from the 1980s, the Warsaw 1996–1999 reference, German, and 2000 CDC references. A positive secular trend in height was observed in children and adolescents from 7 to 15 years of age. A significant shift of the upper tail of the BMI distribution occurred, especially in Polish boys at younger ages. The prevalence of overweight or obesity was 18.7% and 14.1% in school-aged boys and girls, respectively. The presented height, weight, and BMI references are based on a current, nationally representative sample of Polish children and adolescents without known disorders affecting growth. Changes in the body size of children and adolescents over the last three decades suggest an influence of the changing economical situation on anthropometric indices

A Novel Factor Xa-Inhibiting Peptide from Centipedes Venom

Centipedes have been used as traditional medicine for thousands of years in China. Centipede venoms consist of many biochemical peptides and proteins. Factor Xa (FXa) is a serine endopeptidase that plays the key role in blood coagulation, and has been used as a new target for anti-thrombotic drug development. A novel FXa inhibitor, a natural peptide with the sequence of Thr-Asn-Gly-Tyr-Thr (TNGYT), was isolated from the venom of Scolopendra subspinipesmutilans using a combination of size-exclusion and reverse-phase chromatography. The molecular weight of the TNGYT peptide was 554.3 Da measured by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The amino acid sequence of TNGYT was determined by Edman degradation. TNGYT inhibited the activity of FXa in a dose-dependent manner with an IC(50) value of 41.14 mg/ml. It prolonged the partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time in both in vitro and ex vivo assays. It also significantly prolonged whole blood clotting time and bleeding time in mice. This is the first report that an FXa inhibiting peptide was isolated from centipedes venom

Severe neurological outcomes after very early bilateral nephrectomies in patients with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD)

To test the association between bilateral nephrectomies in patients with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) and long-term clinical outcome and to identify risk factors for severe outcomes, a dataset comprising 504 patients from the international registry study ARegPKD was analyzed for characteristics and complications of patients with very early (� 3 months; VEBNE) and early (4�15 months; EBNE) bilateral nephrectomies. Patients with very early dialysis (VED, onset � 3 months) without bilateral nephrectomies and patients with total kidney volumes (TKV) comparable to VEBNE infants served as additional control groups. We identified 19 children with VEBNE, 9 with EBNE, 12 with VED and 11 in the TKV control group. VEBNE patients suffered more frequently from severe neurological complications in comparison to all control patients. Very early bilateral nephrectomies and documentation of severe hypotensive episodes were independent risk factors for severe neurological complications. Bilateral nephrectomies within the first 3 months of life are associated with a risk of severe neurological complications later in life. Our data support a very cautious indication of very early bilateral nephrectomies in ARPKD, especially in patients with residual kidney function, and emphasize the importance of avoiding severe hypotensive episodes in this at-risk cohort. © 2020, The Author(s)

Method of thermal stabilization of noncooled photoresistor PbSe

W artykule przedstawiono metodę stabilizacji termicznej czułości układu detekcyjnego dla zakresu spektralnego podczerwieni MIDIR 2-5 μm z wykorzystaniem fotorezystora wykonanego w technologii PbSe bez układów chłodzących. Zaprezentowano również wyniki badań termicznych czułości detektorów różnych producentów oraz realizację praktyczną układu detekcyjnego wraz z wynikami badań temperaturowych.A method of thermal responsivity compensation of 1-5 μm detection system with uncooled PbSe photoresistor has been presented. It includes theoretical description and experimental results of thermal measurements

Otostigmus (Dactylotergitius) caudatus Brolemann 1902

<i>Otostigmus (Dactylotergitius) caudatus</i> Brölemann, 1902 <p>Figs. 1–10</p> <p> <i>Otostigmus caudatus</i> Brölemann, 1902: 37 –39; Kraepelin, 1903: 132; Attems, 1930: 161. <i>Otostigmus (Dactylotergitius) caudatus</i> Verhoeff, 1937: 11; Bücherl, 1939b: 259; 1941: 307. <i>Otostigmus (Parotostigmus) caudatus</i> Bücherl, 1974: 111.</p> <p> Type specimens: <i>O. caudatus</i> holotype male (MZSP 197) from Francisco Morato [Bélem], state of São Paulo; paratypes male and female (MZSP 199, 198) from Paranapiacaba [Alto da Serra] and Itapetininga, state of São Paulo; co-type male (MNHN DCXXXVII) from Itapetininga.</p> <p> Additional material examined: BRAZIL: Amazonas: <i>Manaus</i>, (MNRJ 57948), 1 ex.; <i>Paraíba</i>: João Pessoa, Buraquinho, (MNRJ 15086), 1 ex., P. F. L. D., 11-VI-1967; <i>Bahia</i>: Salvador, (Loteamento Alfavile), (MNRJ 15180), 10 ex., G. G. Montingelli, 11-31-X-2001, Porto Seguro, Arraial da Ajuda, (MNRJ 15241), 1 ex., Exped. Arachne, 24-27-II-2005; <i>Goiás</i>: Nova Roma (IBSP 124), 1 ex., J. Kretz, 14 VIII 1942; Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros (MNRJ 15140), 4 ex., 21-XI-1940; São Domingos, Parque Estadual de Terra Ronca, MNRJ, 1 ex., A. Chagas, IX-2001; <i>Distrito Federal</i>: Brasília, (MNRJ 15041), 1 ex., G. G. Montingelli, X-1999; <i>Mato Grosso</i>: Rio Branco, (IBSP 747), 1 ex., F. de Fonseca, VI-1959; <i>Mato Grosso do Sul</i>: Brasilândia, Usina Hidrelétrica Sergio Motta, Fazenda Cisalpina, (IBSP 1382), 2 ex., M. Sciaretta, 17 VII 2000, Brasilândia, Usina Hidrelétrica Sergio Motta, Fazenda Cisalpina, (IBSP 1463), 3 ex., R. Bertani & C. Y. Fukami, 8-12 VIII 2000, Anaurilândia, (IBSP 1449, 1450, 1460), 6 ex., 1999; <i>Minas Gerais</i>: Rio Preto, (MNRJ 15242), 4 ex., Exped. Arachne, 14-20-V-2001; <i>Espírito Santo</i>: Pinheiros, (MNRJ 15244), 1 ex., Exped. Arachne, 23-X-2005, Sooretama (MNRJ 15246), 1 ex., Pellens, R., VIII-2000, Fundão (MNRJ 15247), 1ex., A. F. Barbosa, 15-VII-2002, Santa Teresa, Santa Lucia, (MNRJ 15245), 1 ex., A. Giupponi & M. Mirelli, 11- 12-V-2005; <i>Rio de Janeiro</i>: Barra de São João (MNRJ 15240), 4 ex., Exped. Arachne, 24-III-2003, Rio de Janeiro, Campo Grande, (MNRJ 15243), 1 ex., H. N. Cunha, 28-X-1964, Itatiaia, (MNRJ 15248), 1 ex., Volta Redonda, (IBSP 281), 1 ex., Padres Beneditinus, 29 III 1944; Petrópolis, (IBSP 1480), 1 ex., F. S. cunha et all, II 2000; <i>São Paulo</i>: São Paulo, Instituto de Lepra, (IBSP 245), 1 ex., 25-VIII-1944, Instituto Biológico, (IBSP 278), 1ex., J. Ferraz, 10-V-1944, Santana, (IBSP 355), 1 ex., W. Bücherl, 08-IV-1943, Ipiranga, (IBSP 391), 1 ex., E. Krögee, III-1945, (IBSP 428) 1 ex., A. Silva, 17-IX-1943, Santana, (IBSP 458), 1 ex., W. Bücherl, 14- IV-1945, Freguesia do Ó, (IBSP 973), 1 ex., A. Ozores Junior, 27-XI-1968, Vila Sônia, (IBSP 980), 2 ex., A. D. Russo, 28-VII, Jardim Bonfiglioli, (IBSP 1008), 1 ex., M. S. Fonseca, Morumbi, (IBSP 1314), 1 ex., T. M. Batista, 6-I-1995, Morumbi, (IBSP 1321), 1 ex., A. P. Santos, 12-XII-1984, (IBSP 1336), 1ex., N. S. Geraldo, 30-IX-1993, Parque dos Príncipes, Jardim Adalgisa, (IBSP 372, 1373), 3 ex., Equipe Lab. Artrópodes, 16-I-1987, Rodovia Presidente Dutra, Km. 40, Cachoeira Paulista, (IBSP 1416), 1 ex., Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, 24-VI-1999, Parque Ipê, (IBSP 1429), 1 ex., M. L. Amaral, 15- XII-2000, (IBSP 1483), 1 ex., N dos S. Geraldo, 30-IX-1993; São Miguel Paulista (IBSP 822), 1 ex., A. Castellucci, 15-III-1954; Guarulhos (IBSP 641), 1 ex., L. Viban, 18-III-1951; Osasco (IBSP 1430), 1 ex., L. R. Souza, 08-III-2001; Itatins, Peruíbe, Estação Ecológica Juréia, (IBSP 1320), 1 ex., A. D. Brescovit et. al., XII- 1998; Itapevi (IBSP 1451), 1 ex., J. Bartoski, 7-XII-2000; Francisco Morato (IBSP 1324), 1 ex., M. R. M. Aulicino, 13-X-1995; Barueri (IBSP 541, 543), 2 ex., J. Q. Morcira & J. Arentes, 06-08-X-1947, (IBSP 1067), 1 ex., M. P. Santos, 5-V-1980; Jandira (IBSP 977), 1 ex., M. Chiavelli, 23-IV-1969; Vargem Grande (IBSP 1359), 1 ex., F. A. de Q. Ablas, 5-III-1992; Taboão da Serra (IBSP 1315), 1 ex., H. T. G. Grotto, 27-VI-1988; São Sebastião (MNRJ), 1 ex., U. Caramaschi, 29-I-1982; Serra da Bocaina (MNRJ), 1 ex., A. Timotheo, 22-X- 1960; Ilha de Alcatrazes (IBSP 409, 413, 416, 417, 431, 452, 454, 499, 510, 531, 538, 545, 550, 556) 20 ex., Expedição Butantan, 24-II-1948, Ilha de Alcatrazes (IBSP 630), 1 ex., Expedição Butantan, II-1950; Ilha da Queimada Grande (IBSP 1004), 5 ex., Expedição Butantan, 9-13-IX-1970; São Sebastião, Ilha Bela (IBSP 576, 581, 623, 628, 681, 853), 6 ex., L. Urban, XI-1949; Ilha de Castilho (IBSP 828), 1 ex., 15-III-1945; Juréia [Peruíbe, Itatins] (IBSP 1472), 1 ex., A. D. Brescovit et. Al;.Garça (IBSP 501), 1 ex., 26-XII-1945; Itu (IBSP 502), 1 ex., 29-XII-1945, Rio Claro (IBSP 366), 1 ex., J. A. Moreira, 19-VII-1943; Rosana [Porto Primavera] (IBSP 1433, 1436, 1438, 1443), 15 ex., Equipe Instituto Butantan, 1999-2000; <i>Paraná</i>: Foz do Jordão (MHNCI), 10 ex., A. Chagas, V-1995; <i>Santa Catarina</i>: Florianópolis [Lagoa] (IBSP 51) 1 ex., I. Cordeiro, 27- IX-1935; <i>Rio Grande do Sul</i>: Uruguaiana (IBSP 453), 1 ex., D. Mengue, 28-IX-1943; Tupanciritã (IBSP 624), 1 ex., C. Temer, 14-X-1949.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis:</b> Body color commonly purple, dark blue or light blue (living specimens). Antennae with 18 antennomeres, the first two glabrous, the remaining antennomeres densely covered with short yellow setae Cephalic plate, tergites and sternites smooth; complete paramedian sutures from 6th to 20th tergite; sternites with two short anterior sutures from 4th to 16th, posterior border of sternite 21 slightly concave. Ultimate tergite of males with digitiform prolongation (“appendix”) and coxopleuron without coxopleural process.</p> <p> <b>Redescription of male:</b> Body length 25 mm (holotype). Body color commonly purple, dark blue or light blue; legs and antennae light blue; setae of antennae yellow (living specimens). <i>Cephalic plate</i> smooth, wider than long (2.8 mm/ 2.5 mm), oval in the front part, without marginal sutures or depressions, but with fine punctuations (Fig. 1). <i>Antennae</i> reaching back to the sixth segment, with 18 antennomeres, rarely 17; first two antennomeres glabrous, third glabrous dorsally, but pubescent ventrally; the remaining antennomeres are covered with short yellow setae. <i>Forcipular coxosternum</i> with fine punctuations, tooth plates wider than long, with a setae in the middle of each plate; 5+5 teeth, trochanteroprefemoral process with two (or three) teeth on the medial margin (Fig. 2). <i>Tergites</i> smooth, with shallow complete paramedian sutures from 6th (7th) to 20th tergite; lateral carina present on the ultimate (21st) tergite. The posterior margin of tergite 21 presents a digitiform prolongation, longer than the tergite (Figs. 3, 4, 5). The apex of the digitiform prolongation is rounded, flattened laterally (where it forms a socket) and bearing a series of yellowish setae on each side (Fig. 11) <i>Sternites</i> smooth, but with fine punctuations; with two anterior sulci from the 4th to 16th sternite (Fig. 6); sternite 21 shorter than the preceding one, longer than wide, with posterior margin concave (Fig. 3). <i>Coxopleuron</i> with numerous small irregular pores, posterior part of the coxopleuron with a little rounded prominent lobe, without coxopleural process or spines (Fig. 3, 4, 10). <i>Legs</i>: (holotype) first leg with two tarsal spurs and one tibial and one femoral spur; legs 2 to 11 missing, 12th to 19th legs with one tarsal spur, 20th and 21st legs without spur; ultimate legs long, without spines on the prefemur.</p> <p> <b>Variation:</b> Legs usually with two tarsal spurs on the first three, four or five legs, sometimes to 11th or 13th; one tarsal spur on the fourth, fifth or sixth legs, sometimes on 12th or 14th and without spur on the 20th and 21st.</p> <p> <b>Redescription of female:</b> Same characters as male, except for tergite 21 and the coxopleura. In females the posterior margin of tergite 21 is angulate, but not extended as in males (Fig. 8). The terminal portion of the coxopleura does not present the prolongation or rounded shape (Figs. 7, 9).</p>Published as part of <i>Chagas-Júnior, Amazonas, Knysak, Irene & Guizze, Samuel P. G., 2007, Revalidation of the subgenus Dactylotergitius Verhoeff, and redescription of Otostigmus (D.) caudatus Brölemann and Otostigmus (D.) cavalcantii Bücherl (Scolopendromorpha: Scolopendridae: Otostigminae), pp. 57-67 in Zootaxa 1639</i> on pages 59-61, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/179644">10.5281/zenodo.179644</a&gt

Analysis of possibility of data transmission with use of pulsed lasers

W systemach transmisji danych wykorzystywane są lasery o pracy ciągłej. W artykule przedstawiono koncepcje transmisji danych z wykorzystaniem laserów impulsowych. Jest to szczególnie istotne dla urządzeń, w których laser impulsowy już jest wbudowany i realizuje inne funkcje (np. dalmierz). Przedstawione zostały zalety oraz ograniczenia takiego sposobu kodowania. Dokonana została analiza szybkości transmisji danych wraz z przedstawieniem wpływu poszczególnych elementów kanału transmisyjnego na wynikową szybkość transmisji danych.Pulsed lasers are used mainly in lidar systems, which generate laser pulses and detect and analyze reflected signals. In data transmission systems, continuous work lasers are used. It is also possible to use pulsed lasers in such systems. These features would be especially important for devices in which pulsed laser is already embedded and execute another function. This article shows data transmission system conception with the use of pulsed laser. Advantages and limits of this transmission method were described. Analysis of speed of data transmission was performed and influence of individual channel transmission elements on the data transmission speed was shown

Otostigmus (Dactylotergitius) cavalcantii Bucherl 1939

<i>Otostigmus (Dactylotergitius) cavalcantii</i> Bücherl, 1939 <p>Figs. 12–22</p> <p> <i>Otostigmus (Coxopleurotostigmus) cavalcantii</i> Bücherl, 1939a: 54 –57; 1939b: 259; 1941: 306.</p> <p> <i>Otostigmus (Parotostigmus) cavalcantii</i> Bücherl, 1974: 111, 112.</p> <p> <i>Otostigmus (Coxopleurotostigmus) cavalcantii perdicensis</i> Bücherl, 1943: 85 –89. <b>New Synonymy.</b></p> <p> <i>Otostigmus (Parotostigmus) perdicensis</i> Bücherl, 1974: 112.</p> <p> <i>Otostigmus (Parotostigmus) caudatus insularis</i> Bücherl, 1949: 4 nec <i>Otostigma carinatum</i> var. <i>insulare</i> Haase, 1887, replaced by <i>Otostigmus (Parotostigmus) caudatus hogei</i> Bücherl, 1974: 111. <b>New Synonymy.</b></p> <p> <i>Otostigmus (Coxopleurotostigmus) cavalcantii iberaensis</i> Coscarón, 1955: 398 –399. <b>New Synonymy.</b></p> <p> <i>Otostigmus (Parotostigmus) kretzii</i> Bücherl, 1939a: 58 –60; 1939b: 272; 1941: 312; 1974: 113. <b>New Synonymy.</b></p> <p> <i>Otostigmus (Parotostigmus) sternosulcatus</i> Bücherl, 1946: 3 –4; 1974: 117. <b>New Synonymy.</b></p> <p> <b>Type specimens:</b> syntypes (IBSP 48, 46, 90, 97, 69) the first three from Canoinhas [Lagôa], Santa Catarina, the remaining ones from Bandeirantes and São Carlos, São Paulo respectively. <i>O. cavalcantii perdicensis</i>: holotype (IBSP 303) from Pinheiro Preto [Perdizes], Santa Catarina. <i>O. cavalcantii iberaensis</i>: holotype male (MLP 174) from Reserva Natural del Iberá, Corrientes, Argentina. <i>O. kretzii</i>: holotype female (IBSP 38) from Igarapava, São Paulo. <i>O. sternosulcatus</i> holotype (MNHCI 16) from Teixeira de Freitas [Rio d`Areia] and paratype (MNHCI 22) from Contenda, both in the state of Paraná. <i>O. caudatus hogei</i>: holotype (IBSP 50) and 2 males paratypes (IBSP 77) (see remarks Chagas-Jr, 2001: 264) from Ilha da Queimada Grande.</p> <p> <b>Additional material examined:</b> Brazil: <i>Bahia</i>: Canavieiras (IBSP 805) 1 ex., C. Goffergé, 04-X-1945; <i>Mato Grosso</i>: Terenos (IBSP 536), 1 ex., P. Scheich, 17-IX-1947; <i>Mato Grosso do Sul</i>: Usina Hidrelétrica Sergio Motta, Fazenda Cisalpina,Brasilândia (IBSP 1383, 1458), 3 ex., M. Sciaretta, 17-VII-2000; <i>Minas Gerais</i>: Uberlândia (MNRJ 15251), 3 ex., Leonardo; Rio de Janeiro: <i>Rio de Janeiro</i>, Represa Jacarepaguá, (MNRJ 15125), 1 ex., Berla, 3-II-1944, (15256), 1 ex., H. N. Cunha, 18-VII-1964, Cachoeira de Macacu (MNRJ 15257), 1 ex., Giupponi, A & González, A., 8-12-XII-2001; <i>São Paulo</i>: Ribeirão Grande (MNRJ 15233, 15249, 15250), 12 ex., R. Bérnils, F. Straube & E. Conde, 23-30-IV-2002, Ilha da Queimada Grande (IBSP 152, 994, 999), 10 ex., Equipe Instituto Butantan, 04-VIII-1969; Vicente Carvalho (IBSP 247), 1 ex., A. Aguiar, 6-VIII-1942; Atibaia (IBSP 901), 1 ex., P. Villela, VI-1960; Presidente Epitácio (IBSP 1394, 1395, 1396, 1400, 1401, 1404, 1405, 1406, 1407, 1408, 1419, 1454, 1455, 1468, 1494, 1496), 16 ex., J. P. Guadanucci & R. Bertani, 20-25-III-2001; São Paulo (IBSP 459), 1 ex., B. Ribeiro, 26-XI-1941; Barueri (IBSP 1417), 1 ex., J. da Costa, 2-VI-2000; Rosana (Porto Primavera) (IBSP 1432, 1434, 1435, 1440, 1444, 1445, 1446, 1447, 1493, 1495), 10 ex., Equipe Instituto Butantan, 1999-2000; Panorama (IBSP 1476), 1 ex., Equipe Instituto Butantan, 1999; Botucatu (MNRJ 15252), 4 ex., 2003; <i>Paraná</i>: Curitiba, (MNRJ 15076), 1 ex., R. Bérnils, 13-III-2001, (MNRJ 15176), 1 ex., A. Chagas, 14-I-2001, Araucária, Cidade Industrial, (MNRJ 15067), 3 ex., R. Bérnils, 11-II-2001, Irati, (MNRJ 15254), 1ex., D. Carmo, 07-VII-2004, Cornélio Procópio, (MNRJ 15253), 1 ex, Denise, B., XII-1997, Paranavaí, (MNRJ 15255), 1 ex., Angel, W., 09-III- 2003, Foz do Jordão (MNHCI); 15 ex., A. Chagas, V-1995; <i>Santa Catarina</i>: Santa Cecília (MNRJ 15066), 1 ex., Pinto-da-Rocha, R., Kury, A. & Giupponi, A., 11-III-1999.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis:</b> Body color commonly purple, dark blue or blue (living specimens). Cephalic plate, tergites and sternites smooth. Antennae with 18 antennomeres, first two glabrous, the remaining antennomeres with short yellow setae; complete paramedian sutures from 7th to 20th tergites; sternites with two short anterior sulci from 3rd (4th) to 19th, posterior border of the last sternite straight, lightly concave or concave. Male with digitiform appendix on the last tergite and with a pointed coxopleural process (appendix).</p> <p> <b>Redescription:</b> Body length reaching 36–40 mm in males and 42–45 mm in females. Body color commonly metallic purple, dark blue or blue, legs and antennae light blue; setae of the antennae yellow. <i>Cephalic plate</i> smooth, without margins, sutures and depressions, but with fine punctuations; caudal margin overlain by the first tergite (Fig. 14). <i>Antennae</i> with 18 antennomeres; first two antennomeres glabrous, third glabrous dorsally, but pubescent ventrally; the remaining antennomeres are covered with short yellow setae. <i>Forcipular coxosternum</i> smooth, with fine punctuations and a sulcus, 4+4, 4+5 or 5+5 dental plates and a bristle on the middle of each plate, trochanteroprefemoral process of the coxosternum with three teeth (Fig. 15). <i>Tergites</i> smooth, with few punctuations and shallow complete paramedian sulci from 7th to the 20th tergite, sometimes from 5th to 20th tergite; with short sulci on the anterior margin of the 3rd and 4th tergites; lateral carina present on the last tergite (21st). The posterior margin of the ultimate tergite in males presents a digitiform prolongation (“appendix”), which is longer than the tergite (Fig. 17). The apex is round, laterally flattened forming a concavity on each side with a series of yellowish setae (Figs. 13, 18). <i>Sternites</i> smooth, with sparse punctuation, but without depression; with two anterior sulci from 3rd (4th) to 19th (Fig. 19); ultimate sternite with the posterior margin concave, slightly concave or straight and with a longitudinal depression. <i>Coxopleuron</i> with numerous irregular pores, and a pointed coxopleural process (appendix) (Figs. 12, 16, 18). <i>Legs</i>: first leg with a spur on the femur, two tarsal spurs on the legs 1st to 7th (or 11th); one tarsal spur from the 8th (or 12th) to 19th; 20th and 21st without spur. Ultimate legs long, without spines on the prefemoral.</p> <p> <b>Redescription of female:</b> Same characters as the male, except for tergite 21 and the coxopleura. The posterior margin of the ultimate tergite is angulate, but not extended as in the male (Fig. 21). The posterior portion of the coxopleuron presents a little rounded prominent lobe, but without a sclerotized point (Figs. 20, 22).</p> <p> <b>Remarks:</b> The main difference between <i>O. caudatus</i> and <i>O. cavalcantii</i> is in the posterior border of the coxopleuron. In males of <i>O. caudatus</i> the posterior border has a short rounded prominent lobe, in males of <i>O. cavalcantii</i> there is a pointed sclerotized coxopleural process (appendix). In females, the coxopleuron of <i>O. caudatus</i> is truncate, in <i>O. cavalcantii</i> it has a short round prominent lobe. In females, the posterior border of the ultimate tergite is strongly protracted or acute. This shape of the ultimate tergite in females of <i>O. caudatus</i> and <i>O. cavalcantii</i> is very characteristic, but similar tergites can be found in females of several species of Neotropical <i>Parotostigmus</i>.</p>Published as part of <i>Chagas-Júnior, Amazonas, Knysak, Irene & Guizze, Samuel P. G., 2007, Revalidation of the subgenus Dactylotergitius Verhoeff, and redescription of Otostigmus (D.) caudatus Brölemann and Otostigmus (D.) cavalcantii Bücherl (Scolopendromorpha: Scolopendridae: Otostigminae), pp. 57-67 in Zootaxa 1639</i> on pages 62-64, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/179644">10.5281/zenodo.179644</a&gt

Analysis of maximum measurement range and laboratory research of laser velocimeter

W artykule przedstawiono zagadnienia związane z wykorzystaniem promieniowania laserowego do pomiaru prędkości pojazdów. Omówiono sposób pomiaru przyjęty w konstrukcji opracowanego w Instytucie Optoelektroniki Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej prototypu prędkościomierza laserowego oraz przedstawiono wyniki analizy zasięgowej z uwzględnieniem podstawowych parametrów zastosowanych w nim elementów optoelektronicznych. Przeanalizowano problem zwiększenia precyzji pomiaru odległości dzięki wykorzystaniu charakterystyk kształtu sygnału echa. Ponadto zaprezentowano wyniki badań prowadzonych w trakcie opracowania modelu laboratoryjnego oraz badań testowych prototypu.The article presents basic issues concerning the use of laser radiation in remote measurements of vehicles velocity. It shows measurement principles of the prototype lidar system designed and built at the Military University of Technology, and presents analysis of the maximum range of measurement with consideration to prototype technical specifications. It introduces issues and problems with increasing measurement accuracy using geometrical aspects of the echo signal. Moreover, results of the experiments taken during construction of a prototype, as well as results from the examination of finished prototype are presented

Revalidation of the subgenus Dactylotergitius Verhoeff, and redescription of Otostigmus (D.) caudatus Brölemann and Otostigmus (D.) cavalcantii Bücherl (Scolopendromorpha: Scolopendridae: Otostigminae)

Chagas-Júnior, Amazonas, Knysak, Irene, Guizze, Samuel P. G. (2007): Revalidation of the subgenus Dactylotergitius Verhoeff, and redescription of Otostigmus (D.) caudatus Brölemann and Otostigmus (D.) cavalcantii Bücherl (Scolopendromorpha: Scolopendridae: Otostigminae). Zootaxa 1639: 57-67, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17964

Long term urban impacts on the ecological status of a lowland river as determined by diatom indices

<p>This study determined changes in the ecological status of a lowland river under the impact of an urban agglomeration after modernizing the wastewater management. For 174 years the Ner River was loaded with pollution from expanding industry. Construction of the Group Sewage Treatment Plant (GOŚ) in 1994 and its subsequent modernization should have improved the water quality. After 20 years of proper sewage treatment the ecological status of the river hasn't improved.</p> <p>Study sites were established on the river above and below sewage disposal from GOŚ, and the ecological status was assessed on the basis of benthic diatoms. Diatom indices: IO, GDI, IPS were calculated in order to determine the ecological status and water quality. Hierarchical cluster analysis and multivariate analysis of diatom assemblages were used to reveal differences of the study sites. It was revealed that the river is divided into two sections: the first is above the sewage disposal and the second is below it. In the first section, domination of species sensitive to organic pollution <i>Meridion circulare <i>and</i> Ulnaria ulna</i> was noted, while in the second section species resistant and tolerant to organic pollution, <i>Hippodonta capitata <i>and</i> Navicula gregaria</i>, were noted. The ecological status at the first section was moderate to poor, while at the second it was poor to very poor.</p> <p>The division of the urban river into two sections with different ecological status stems from the history of water management. The present location of the GOŚ outflow served in the past as a dump of untreated sewage from the industry of the Łódź Agglomeration. Development of the city led to the degradation of the ecosystem. Modernization of wastewater management did not reverse the degradation of the river. The persistence of accumulated industrial pollution in sediments caused by the long-term impact of urban agglomeration almost completely destroyed the ecosystem of the river.</p