Mixed infections of maize dwarf mosaic virus and cucumber mosaic virus in maize

Bibliography : pages 218-230.Maize plants collected in three geographically distinct regions of South Africa were found to be doubly infected with maize dwarf mosaic (MDMV) and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). A mixed infection of these two viruses could be maintained in maize plants grown under laboratory conditions. The possibility of synergism or of an interference mechanism between MDMV and CMV in dual infections was investigated and it was found that prior infection with CMV interfered with subsequent infection by MDMV. MDMV and CMV were shown to be non-persistently transmitted by Myzus persicae, Rhopalosiphum padi and Rhopalosipbum maidis aphids. Protoplasts were isolated from maize seedlings and could be viably maintained for up to 66 hours. The maize protoplasts were infected with CMV and MDMV either singly, or together as a mixed inoculum. Infection curves for each virus were plotted. The presence of CMV in a mixed inoculum appeared to prevent infection of the protoplasts by MDMV. Protoplasts were isolated from plants systemically infected with CMV and/or MDMV. Superinfection of protoplasts prepared from CMV infected seedlings with MDMV was not possible. As a possible vehicle for virus infection of protoplasts liposomes were produced. Initially fluorescent dyes were incorporated in them. These were fused to the maize protoplasts. Attempts were made to encapsulate virus particles in the liposomes and fuse them to maize protoplasts but this was not successful

Indigiana

Indigiana, for orchestra and audio soundscape, is dedicated to the 2016 bicentennial celebration of the State of Indiana. The title is derived from the words, ‘Indiana,’ ‘Digital,’ and ‘Indigenous.’ Its programmatic style is based on the natural landscape and my reflections on four Indiana state parks. In addition to the state\u27s bicentennial honor, Indiana celebrated its 100th anniversary of the purchase of its first two recreational facilities, McCormick\u27s Creek and Turkey Run State Park.2 To honor the state and my family’s longstanding heritage as Hoosiers, I used the natural landscape and environmental sounds of four Indiana state parks as the programmatic setting of the piece

The spores of Lycopodium, Phylloglossium, Selaginella and Isoetes and their value in the study of microfossils of Palaeozoic age

The LYCOPODIINAE are a ubiquitous race of plants: members are found in many different parts of the world from the tropics to the polar regions, and tinder a great variety of habitat conditions.The families with living representatives afford ample evidence of antiquity; and their fossil relatives indicate the abundance of the group during Palaeozoic times. The coals of the Carboniferous Age are to a large extent composed of the carbonised remains of these plants; their spores are found in vast numbers in most coal seams.The study of fossil spores within the last 25 years has led to their being used as an aid in the correlation of coal seams. Up to the present, the classification of fossil spores has been an arbitrary one; with the increasing use of spores as zonal indices in coalfield work, a more scientific system of nomenclature has been found necessary. A binomial system has been promulgated in America which in all probability will form the basis of future work on classification. Although a general review of the spores of modern Pteridophyta has already been published by the author (Knox, 1938), the lack of any comprehensive survey of the spore morphology of living species of Vascular Cryptogams has proved a considerable handicap in framing a classification of fossil spores; the present study of the spores of modern species of the LYCOPODIINAE has been undertaken with a view to gaining more exact knowledge of spore morphology in this large and important group, both generic and specific, in order to make possible an assessment of relative values for purposes of palaeobotanical taxonomy.The basis of the following work is furnished by a detailed account of the morphology of the spores of Lycopodium, Phylloglossum, Selaginella and Isoetes, derived from as many of the living species as it has been possible to obtain samples

Concerto for Violin and Orchestra and Nevertheless, She Composed: A Contemporary Survey of Women Composers of the Twenty-First Century

This dissertation consists of two parts: the first part includes an original composition titled, “Concerto for Violin and Orchestra.” This twenty-minute work is composed for traditional orchestral instrumentation and solo violin. Motivic variation is the primary focus of this piece with a goal to show evidence of a thorough understanding and use of this technique. In music composition, variation is a technique achieved by restating musical material in an altered form. Schoenberg describes a motive as, “a unit which contains one or more features of interval and rhythm [whose] presence is maintained in constant use throughout a piece.” Therefore, motivic variation (sometimes referred to as motivic development) is the compositional process of restating a musical idea throughout a piece in an altered form. The large-form structure consists of four movements; each movement is approximately five minutes in length with no breaks between. The music is non-programmatic with emphasis on color, timbre, and textural changes. The harmonic language is mostly pandiatonic (lacking functional tonality.) Counter-point, range, instrument combinations, and compositional style were considered for each passage. The second part of this dissertation, Nevertheless, She Composed: A Contemporary Survey of Women Composers of the Twenty-First Century, consists of transcribed interviews conducted between 2017 and 2019. The interviews feature living composers who happen to be women and are active within the academic and new music community. The primary purpose of this project is to feature the lives, careers, and works of the composers. The featured composers were interviewed in person or via Skype with the exception of Kate Waring. Kate passed away in 2015; the decision to include her story was made due to her compositional achievements during the twenty-first century and her ties to Louisiana State University. Reflections of her life were provided by her niece, soprano Cara Waring, her husband, Richard Tannenbaum, and her teacher, Dr. Dinos Constantinides. The format of each interview was guided by a general outline of past, present, and future, allowing the composers to share information in a mostly non-scripted, free-associative manner. The result of this format yielded a wealth of biographical, educational, and resource-filled commentary

Joiners and leavers stayers and abstainers: Private health insurance choices in Australia

The percentage of Australians taking up Private Health Insurance (PHI) was in decline following the introduction of Medicare in 1984 (PHIAC). To arrest this decline the Australian Government introduced a suite of policies, between 1997 and 2000, to create incentives for Australians to purchase private health insurance. These policies include an increased Medicare levy for those without PHI on high incomes, introduced in 1997, a 30% rebate for private hospital cover (introduced 1998), and the Lifetime Health Cover (LHC) policy where PHI premiums are set at age of entry, increasing for each year older than 30 years (introduced 2000). In 2004 the longitudinal study on Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA), included a series of questions on private health insurance and hospital use. We used the HILDA data to investigate the demographic, health and income factors related to the PHI decisions, especially around the introduction of the Lifetime Health Cover policy. Specifically we investigate who was most influenced to purchase PHI (specifically hospital cover) in 2000 as a response to the Lifetime Health Cover policy deadline. Are those who have joined PHI since the introduction of LHC different from those who joined prior to LHC? What are the characteristics of those who have dropped PHI since the introduction of LHC? We model the PHI outcomes allowing for heterogeneity of choice and correlation across alternatives. After controlling for other factors, we find that LHC prompted moderately well-off working age adults (30-49 yrs) to purchase before the 2000 deadline. Young singles or couples with no children, and the overseas born were more likely to purchase since 2000, while the relatively less well-off continue to drop PHI in spite of current policy incentives.private health insurance, incentives, Australia

Joiners, leavers, stayers and abstainers: Private health insurance choices in Australia, CHERE Working Paper 2007/8

The percentage of Australians taking up Private Health Insurance (PHI) was in decline following the introduction of Medicare in 1984 (PHIAC). To arrest this decline the Australian Government introduced a suite of policies, between 1997 and 2000, to create incentives for Australians to purchase private health insurance. These policies include an increased Medicare levy for those without PHI on high incomes, introduced in 1997, a 30% rebate for private hospital cover (introduced 1998), and the Lifetime Health Cover (LHC) policy where PHI premiums are set at age of entry, increasing for each year older than 30 years (introduced 2000). In 2004 the longitudinal study on Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA), included a series of questions on private health insurance and hospital use. We used the HILDA data to investigate the demographic, health and income factors related to the PHI decisions, especially around the introduction of the Lifetime Health Cover policy. Specifically we investigate who was most influenced to purchase PHI (specifically hospital cover) in 2000 as a response to the Lifetime Health Cover policy deadline. Are those who have joined PHI since the introduction of LHC different from those who joined prior to LHC? What are the characteristics of those who have dropped PHI since the introduction of LHC? We model the PHI outcomes allowing for heterogeneity of choice and correlation across alternatives. After controlling for other factors, we find that LHC prompted moderately well-off working age adults (30-49 yrs) to purchase before the 2000 deadline. Young singles or couples with no children, and the overseas born were more likely to purchase since 2000, while the relatively less well-off continue to drop PHI in spite of current policy incentives.private health insurance, Australia

“Here’s a Little Something for You”: How Therapists Respond to Client Gifts

Descriptions by 12 therapists of their experiences receiving tangible gifts from clients are examined. Using consensual qualitative research (C. E. Hill, B. J. Thompson, & E. N. Williams, 1997) therapists’ overall gift encounters and specifically identified gift events were explored. Results indicated that although clients rarely gave gifts, all of the participants had accepted gifts. Problematic gifts (i.e., ones that raised concern for therapists) were given at more provocative times than were unproblematic gifts (i.e., ones that evoked few concerns for therapists). Both types of gifts were given for various reasons (e.g., appreciation, manipulation, equalization). Participants reported positive and negative internal responses to both types of gifts, but more often discussed unproblematic than problematic gifts with clients. Problematic gifts were more often discussed with others than were unproblematic gifts. Gift episodes of both types facilitated therapy process

Enantioselective Biotransformation of Prochiral Ketone via Daucus carota

Biotransformations of prochiral ketones can be performed using plant cells. The benefits of using plant cells include low cost, environmentally sound procedures compared to conventional chemical processes, and the stereospecific nature of the reaction.1,2 Benzofuran-2-yl methyl ketone was reduced to (- )-benzofuran-2-yl-ethanol after incubation with carrots in water. The reaction was enantioselective in that it produced the S-isomer as indicated by optical activity. Currently, attempts to isolate the carrot enzyme and antimicrobial studies of the (-)-benzofuran-2-yl-ethanol product are underway

Inter-married families: hybridising teaching-for-two-languages and parenting in regional Australia

Children learn language through engaging in a rich language environment. However, some parents make a decision to rear their children bilingually/plurilingually, in a context where the community around them does not use the home language (HL). For some families only one of the parents speaks HL, thus they are in a position of combining their parenting role with an additional one of language teaching. Such role combinations involve emotionally demanding work, which takes place invisibly in the home. Parents develop a hybrid role combining elements of teaching with the relationship and care work expected of them as parents, moving between roles as context requires. In this paper we explore four in-depth case studies of families where one parent is the speaker of a HL different from that spoken by the other parent and the community. We explore their perceptions of the impact of hybridising teaching and parenting roles. The HL speaking parents talked of the cost of their multiple roles, and the challenges of being the HL speaker in terms of stress and tiredness. Their inability, in their eyes, to fulfil both roles (teacher and parent) perfectly led to their feelings of inadequacy and failure which can then impact on their parenting and family life

The Saving Power of Community Creativity: Highlights of Arts, Culture, and Creative Placemaking Responses to COVID-19

For several years, the Center for Community Progress (Community Progress) and Metris Arts Consulting have explored how arts and culture organizations are revitalizing communities that have been hit hard with vacancy and abandonment. In mid-2020, as we began to understand the pandemic's devastating health, economic, and social impacts on communities and the policy demands surrounding the calls for racial justice, we also began hearing how community-based organizations using arts and culture had shifted their work to provide critical community support. This resource highlights the efforts of creative leaders during the pandemic and also seeks to inspire others trying to address acute needs.