35 research outputs found
Paying attention to meaning
Several paradigms show that responses to one event
compromise responses to a second event for around 500 ms.
Such effects are generally attributed to attentional capacity
limitations associated with processing information in the first
event. In a task in which targets could be distinguished only by
their meaning, we varied the semantic relationship between
distractors and targets following at different lags. Semantic
relatedness alone produced a classic attentional blink. We conclude
by discussing how attention theory might best accommodate
these new effects
Recommended from our members
Putting lives in danger? Tinker, tailor, journalist, spy: the use of journalistic cover
The Anglo-American intelligence agenciesâ use of journalists as spies or propagandists and the practice of providing intelligence agents in the field with journalistic cover have been a source of controversy for many decades. This paper examines the extent to which these covert practices have taken place and whether they have put journalistsâ lives in danger. This paper, drawing on various methodologies, examines a number of cases where the arrest, murder or kidnap of journalists was justified on the grounds that the journalist was a âspyâ. This has been followed through with research using a range of sources that shows there have been many occasions when the distinction between spies and journalists has been opaque. The paper concludes that widespread use of journalistic cover by spies has put lives in danger but the extent is unquantifiable
Uplifting manhood to wonderful heights? News coverage of the human costs of military conflict from world war I to Gulf war Two
Domestic political support is an important factor constraining the use of American military power around the world. Although the dynamics of war support are thought to reflect a cost-benefit calculus, with costs represented by numbers of friendly war deaths, no previous study has examined how information about friendly, enemy, and civilian casualties is routinely presented to domestic audiences. This paper establishes a baseline measure of historical casualty reporting by examining New York Times coverage of five major wars that occurred over the past century. Despite important between-war differences in the scale of casualties, the use of conscription, the type of warfare, and the use of censorship, the frequency of casualty reporting and the framing of casualty reports has remained fairly consistent over the past 100 years. Casualties are rarely mentioned in American war coverage. When casualties are reported, it is often in ways that minimize or downplay the human costs of war