Non-nodulating Mutants of Pisum Sativum (L.) cv. Sparkle

Eleven pea mutants, displaying a greatly reduced number of root nodules or lacking such nodules completely, were obtained by screening the M2 progeny of mutagenized Pisum sativum cv. Sparkle. The mutant alleles conditioning the altered nodulation phenotypes were recessive to the wild-type alleles. Eight of the mutants possessed a normal growth habit except for the complete lack of nodules. Pairwise crosses among these mutants indicated that five distinct loci had been affected. The remaining three mutants formed few nodules and also had altered root or shoot growth habit. Each of these plejotropic mutants was coded by a distinct gene. The eight genes identified are designated sym7, sym8, sym9, sym10, sym11, sym15, sym16, and sym17, signifying their involvement in the pea/Rhizobium symbiosis. The locations of most of these sym genes were determined by classical linkage mapping. The loci were distributed on at least five of the seven chromosome

Neither very bi nor particularly sexual : the essence of the bisexual in young adult literature

This article examines four prominent young adult novels about bisexual protagonists: Julie Anne Peters’s It’s Our Prom (So Deal With It) (2012), Brent Hartinger’s Double Feature: Attack of the Soul-Sucking Brain Zombies/Bride of the Soul-Sucking Brain Zombies (2007), Lili Wilkinson’s Pink (2009), and Sara Ryan’s Empress of the World (2001). Defining bisexuality in terms of gender-plural sexual desire, it argues that narratives about bisexuals may impose essentializing identities, which resignify and redefine bisexuality through the use of stereotypes and the evasion of the sexuality and plurality of bisexual desire. By doing this, Peters and Hartinger, who represent the ideological middle ground in such narratives, ironically sustain the invisibility of bisexuality that they ostensibly resist. Of the novels by Wilkinson and Ryan, Wilkinson’s Pink is the most stereotypical and evasive example, while Ryan’s Empress of the World, at the other extreme, manages to avoid essentializing bisexuality, seeing it in terms of plural desires. If narratives of bisexuality are to help bisexual teenagers interpret their plural desires and fill the bisexual spaces or gaps in their worlds, it is argued that this necessitates a shift towards approaches, like Ryan’s, that recognize the variety and individuality of these teenagers.An early version of part of this article was presented at the “Talking Bodies: Identity, Sexuality, Representation” conference held at the University of Chester in 2013.https://www.springer.com/journal/10583hj2023Englis