6 research outputs found
The importance of fun : Perceptions of music therapy for children at an inpatient unit in mental health care
Barns psykiske helse, trivsel og livskvalitet er i stor grad pĂĄvirket av deres omgivelser. Dette er spesielt aktuelt nĂĄ da covid-19 pandemien viser seg ĂĄ ha hatt store konsekvenser for barnas psykiske helse. Barns helseutfordringer er sammensatt og involverer livsutfordringer for bĂĄde barnet og deres familie. Det gis et variert interprofesjonelt helsetilbud for barn i psykisk helsevern, og i noen tilfeller inkluderer dette musikkterapi, som er et relativt nytt tilbud i denne konteksten.
Denne kvalitative studien utforsker opplevelsen av musikkterapi for barn på sengepost i psykisk helsevern gjennom en feministisk epistemologisk tilnærming, med et mål om å få en bedre forståelse av musikkterapi i denne konteksten. Gjennom de mange perspektivene til barna, foreldre og det tverrfaglige personalet blir disse ulike opplevelsene utforsket i en multiple case studie. Deltakerobservasjon, i kombinasjon med intervjuene med foreldre, ga viktig kontekstuell informasjon. Som et grunnlag for å intervjue barna ble det gjort en grundig teoretisk refleksjon og diskusjon om maktrelasjoner i forskning med barn. Tre artikler er inkludert i denne avhandlingen, og disse omfatter den teoretiske diskusjonen, barnas perspektiv og personalets perspektiv.
I første artikkelen blir maktrelasjoner i forskning med barn belyst gjennom en teoretisk refleksjon og diskusjon. En bevissthet rundt epistemisk rettferdighet, epistemisk ignoranse og epistemisk urettferdighet framstod som viktig når en jobber og forsker med barn og pasienter i psykisk helsevern. Det ble også framhevet at kunnskap om epistemisk urettferdighet, og hvordan en kan unngå dette, viser hvor viktig det er å inkludere barn i psykisk helsevern og deres kunnskap i forskning.
Den andre artikkelen fokuserte på barnas perspektiv, og gjennom semistrukturerte intervju formidlet barna sine opplevelser av musikkterapi på ulike måter. Barna brukte mange ulike modaliteter for å uttrykke seg selv, som blant annet gjennom musikk, tegning, bevegelser, stillhet og ord. I analyseprosessen ble det brukt en narrativ tilnærming informert av «portraiture», som belyser ikke-dominante opplevelser. Denne narrative metoden ga rom for de ulike modalitetene i analysen, så vel som i presentasjonen av funnene. Gjennom å gi oppmerksomhet til barnas egne perspektiv ble det tydelig at gøy var en essensiell del av musikkterapi i psykisk helsevern for barna, ikke forstått som underholdning, men som noe av eksistensiell betydning og med et stort terapeutisk potensial.
I den tredje artikkelen var fokuset pĂĄ det tverrfaglige personalets oppfattelser av musikkterapi. Gjennom deres perspektiv ble mulige betydninger og potensial ved musikkterapi i denne konteksten utforsket, bĂĄde i forhold til barna og i forhold til det tverrfaglige samarbeidet. Dette viste flere ulike potensial i musikkterapi, som blant annet emosjonsregulering sĂĄ vel som opplevelse av identitet og frihet for barna.
De mange ulike perspektivene til barna og personalet bidrar med ny innsikt og forståelse inn i dette feltet. I en sammenkobling og diskusjon av disse perspektivene oppstår nye spørsmål: Hvordan kan vi ivareta barnas perspektiv? Er barnas og de ansattes perspektiv motstridende eller utfyllende? Hva kan musikkterapi bidra med i en sengepost for barn i psykisk helsevern? Er en ressursorientert tilnærming i en medisinsk setting en motsetning? Disse spørsmålene blir diskutert og reflektert over i denne avhandlingen, og bidrar med ny forståelse for hvilken betydning musikkterapi kan ha og hva det kan bidra med for barn i psykisk helsevern.Children’s mental health and their well-being are largely influenced by their surroundings. This is particularly relevant now as the COVID-19 pandemic is proving to have had major consequences for children’s mental health. Children’s mental health problems are complex and involve life challenges for both the child and their families. A variety of interprofessional services are provided for children in mental health care, including, at some hospitals, music therapy, which is a relatively recent proposition in this context.
This qualitative study explores perceptions of music therapy for children in an inpatient unit in mental health care through a feministic epistemological approach, with a primary aim of obtaining a better understanding of music therapy in this setting. Through the multiple perspectives of the children, their parents and the interprofessional staff, these various perceptions are explored in a multiple case study design. Participant observation, in combination with the interviews with the parents, provided important contextual information. As a foundation for the interviews with the children, a thorough theoretical reflection and discussion concerning power relations in research with children was done. Three articles are included in this dissertation, concerning the theoretical discussion, the children’s perspectives and the interprofessional staff’s perspectives.
In the first article, power relations in research with children were highlighted through a theoretical reflection and discussion. An awareness of epistemic justice, epistemic ignorance and epistemic injustice was emphasised as important when working and researching with children and patients in mental health care. It was also highlighted that knowledge about epistemic injustice, and how to avoid it, reveals the importance of including children in mental health care and their knowledge in research.
The second article focused on the children’s perspectives and, through semistructured interviews, the children conveyed their experiences of music therapy in various ways. Multiple modalities were used by the children to express themselves, such as through music, drawings, movements, silence and words. In the analysis process, a narrative approach informed by “portraiture” was used, highlighting nondominant experiences. This narrative method allowed for multiple modalities in the analysis as well as in the presentation of the findings. In the children’s own perspectives, fun appeared to be an essential part of music therapy in mental health care for the children, not understood as entertainment, but as something of existential importance and with great therapeutic potential.
In the third article, the focus was on the interprofessional staff’s perceptions of music therapy. Through these perceptions, the possible significances and potentials of music therapy in this setting were explored, both concerning the children and the interprofessional collaboration. This revealed various potentials in music therapy, such as emotion regulation, as well as experience of identity and freedom for the children.
The multiple perspectives of the children and the interprofessional staff contribute new insights and understanding to this field. When linking and discussing these various perspectives, new questions arise: how to be attentive to, and curate children’s perspectives? Are the children’s and the staff’s perspectives in conflict or are they complementary? What can music therapy contribute to an inpatient unit for children in mental health care? Is a resource-oriented approach in a medical setting contradictory? These questions are discussed and reflected upon in this dissertation, and offer a new understanding of the significance that music therapy can have and what it can contribute to children in mental health care.Doktorgradsavhandlin
En ressursorientert gjestfrihet?
Denne studien undersøker musikkterapiens muligheter i et arbeid med enslige mindreårige asylsøkere. Gjennom en teoretisk studie blir perspektiver fra sosiologi, psykologi og filosofi trukket inn og drøftet opp mot den musikkterapeutiske litteraturen. Drøftingen frambringer momenter som ser ut til å være viktige for et arbeid med enslige mindreårige asylsøkeres situasjon og psykiske helse. Studien viser at samfunnet er et viktig moment her, og det vil derfor være svært relevant å inkludere omgivelsene i det musikkterapeutiske møtet, og samfunnsmusikkterapi og ressursorientert musikkterapi ser her ut til å kunne være spesielt aktuelle tilnærminger.A resource-oriented hospitality? Examining music therapy in relation to unaccompanied refugee minors, this research paper searches for, and tries to identify, the possibilities for music therapy in this field. Un-accompanied refugee minors are children that form a highly vulnerable group of children, which is of great importance to give attention to. Through a theoretical inquiry, the research discusses perspectives from sociology, psychology and philosophy in the context of perspectives from music therapy. This reveals components that seem to be important for the unaccompanied refugee minors' situation and mental health. The society plays a major part in relation to this, especially in how the children are met and integrated. In an attempt to meet the unaccompanied refugee minors through music therapy, this research finds that the society has to be included in the therapy. Here the two approaches community music therapy and resource-oriented music therapy seems to be offering specific possibilities
Moments of fun: Narratives of children’s experiences of music therapy in mental health care
Introduction
Mental health issues in children involve complexities and life challenges for the child and their families. Music therapy as part of treatment in mental health care focuses on interaction and communication through music, with emphasis on the children’s resources. There is a small, but growing amount of research in the field of music therapy with children in mental health care.
Method
This qualitative study explored children’s own experiences of music therapy in mental health care at the hospital. This was done through a multiple case study design, including semi-structured interviews with seven children and participant observations. A narrative approach informed by “portraiture” was used in the analysis process in order to highlight non-dominant experiences and allow for multiple modalities in the analysis and in the presentation of findings.
Findings
The children’s experiences were expressed through various modalities. These were displayed through narratives representing the core of the interview with each particular child. The word fun became a prominent emerging theme across the cases.
Discussion
In the children’s expressions, the word fun seemed to be a container of experiences, with rich variations and multiple meanings. Through a thorough attention to this word and the children’s actions before, after and while they spoke, multidimensional meanings of the word emerged. Through listening to the children’s own experiences, fun proved to be an essential part of music therapy in mental health care with children, not as mere entertainment, but as something of existential importance and with great therapeutic potentials.publishedVersio
Whose Knowledge? Epistemic Injustice and Challenges in Hearing Children`s' Voices
Di chi è la conoscenza? Ingiustizia epistemica e sfide nell'udire le voci dei bambini
In questo scritto discuterò diversi aspetti delle interviste ai bambini durante le cure per la salute mentale. Considerando ciò che la filosofa e femminista Miranda Fricker chiama "ingiustizia epistemica" (Fricker, 2007), "un errore fatto a qualcuno specificamente nella sua capacità di conoscitore" (p. 1), parlerò di come nell'assistenza sanitaria i bambini e i pazienti mentali siano stati soggetti a ingiustizia epistemica, e in che modo nelle cure mentali i bambini potrebbero sperimentare una doppia ingiustizia epistemica in questo senso.
L'affermazione del problema è: quali sono le sfide quando si considera la giustizia epistemica nelle cure per la salute mentale durante le interviste ai bambini?
Discuterò dell'importanza della consapevolezza della giustizia epistemica, dell'ignoranza epistemica e dell'ingiustizia epistemica e di come ciò possa essere collegato a bambini e pazienti nelle cure per la salute mentale. Suggerirò anche modi per evitare l'ingiustizia epistemica quando si lavora e si fa ricerca con i bambini nelle cure per la salute mentale. In tal modo lo collegherò all'epistemologia femminista in cui vengono messi in discussione concetti come conoscenza, conoscitori e obiettività sono interloquiti, e come concezioni e pratiche dominanti della produzione di conoscenza vengano percepite come svantaggio sistematico di donne e altri gruppi subordinati (Anderson, 2017). Lo collegherò anche all'epistemologia queer* che differisce dall'epistemologia femminista nell'idea di identità come "punto di partenza per la coscienza condivisa" (Hall, 2017, p. 163). Nell'epistemologia queer ci si concentra piuttosto su una conoscenza affettuosamente sintonizzata, "una sensibilità di qualcosa di diverso dalla comprensione condivisa" (Hall, 2017, p. 163).
* Socialmente eccentrico rispetto alle definizioni di normalità codificate dalla cultura dominante, anche in riferimento all’orientamento sessuale e all’identità di genere.
Traduzione di Claudio CominardiIn this essay, I will discuss the importance of having an awareness about epistemic justice, epistemic ignorance and epistemic injustice, and why this awareness is important in connection to children and patients in mental health care. I also suggest ways to avoid epistemic injustice when working with, and doing research with, children in mental health care. In doing so, I tie this to feminist epistemology where conceptions such as knowledge, knowers and objectivity are questioned, and dominant conceptions and practices of knowledge production are perceived as a systematic disadvantage of women and other subordinated groups (Anderson, 2017). I am as well linking this to queer epistemology which differs from feminist standpoint epistemology in the idea of the identity being “a point of departure for shared consciousness” (Hall, 2017, p. 163)
En ressursorientert gjestfrihet?
Denne studien undersøker musikkterapiens muligheter i et arbeid med enslige mindreårige asylsøkere. Gjennom en teoretisk studie blir perspektiver fra sosiologi, psykologi og filosofi trukket inn og drøftet opp mot den musikkterapeutiske litteraturen. Drøftingen frambringer momenter som ser ut til å være viktige for et arbeid med enslige mindreårige asylsøkeres situasjon og psykiske helse. Studien viser at samfunnet er et viktig moment her, og det vil derfor være svært relevant å inkludere omgivelsene i det musikkterapeutiske møtet, og samfunnsmusikkterapi og ressursorientert musikkterapi ser her ut til å kunne være spesielt aktuelle tilnærminger
Polyphonic perspectives: A focus group study of interprofessional staff’s perceptions of music therapy at an inpatient unit for children in mental health care
Purpose: In an inpatient unit for children in mental health care, a variety of services are provided through interprofessional collaborations. Music therapy is a relatively recent proposition in this context, but there is increasing acceptance for music therapy as a therapeutic method. However, there is limited knowledge about music therapy in this field, and this study aims to address this research gap. Method: Through focus group interviews with staff at an inpatient unit in mental health care for children, this article explores interprofessional perspectives of music therapy. A thematic analysis with an inductive approach informed by constructivist grounded theory was used in the analysis of the interviews. Findings: Several dimensions were involved in the findings, concerning the children and the interprofessional collaboration. The two main categories that emerged were: \u27What music therapy offers the children\u27 and \u27What music therapy contributes to the interprofessional understanding of the children\u27. Conclusion: The interprofessional perspectives of music therapy revealed potentials for emotion regulation, and experience of identity and freedom for the children. As part of the integrated services, music therapy provided a new perspective of the child and enhanced relationship between the child and the health services. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved