Memento Mori: Victorian Death Culture Through Murder, Morbidity, and Mourning

Death loomed large in Victorian London. Murder dominated not only headlines but also popular media such as fiction and theater, as London grappled with regular outbreaks of disease, and personal mourning turned into a show of fashion and wealth. Where did this preoccupation with death come from, and what can it tell us about Victorian society as a whole? While these specific changes resulted from cultural accumulations, many of them stemmed from how London itself grew during this period. The industrialization, urbanization, and overall development of London into a thriving metropolis changed the ways its citizens interacted with death

Synthesis and reactivity of tricarbonyl(1-methoxycarbonyl-5-phenylpentadienyl)iron(1+) cation

Tricarbonyl(1-methoxycarbonyl-5-phenylpentadienyl)iron(1+) hexafluorophosphate (7) was prepared in two steps from tricarbonyl(methyl 6-oxo-2,4-hexadienoate)iron. While addition of carbon and heteroatom nucleophiles to 7 generally occurs at the phenyl-substituted dienyl carbon to afford (2,4-dienoate)iron products, the addition of phthalimide proceeded at C2 to afford a (pentenediyl)iron product (18). Complex 18 was structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis. The reaction of the title cation with carbon and heteroatom nucleophiles was examined. In general, the products arise from nucleophilic attack at C5 to give E,E- or E,Z-dienoate iron complexes. Addition of phthalimide anion proceeds at C2 of the cation to afford a (pentenediyl)iron complex, whose structure was confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis

Spontaneous showering of tumor emboli in a patient with advanced primary lung cancer: a case report

Extension of primary lung tumors into the left atrium via pulmonary veins is a well-documented phenomenon. Peripheral arterial embolism and cerebral embolism originating from a primary lung neoplasm are rare events. We report a case of simultaneous acute bilateral lower limb ischemia, bilateral renal infarction, splenic infarction and cerebral infarction as a result of multiple emboli originating from primary lung malignancy invasion of the left atrium. An emergent embolectomy revealed pathologic features of the extracted thrombus that were identical to the pulmonary neoplasm

Polar ionospheric currents and high temporal resolution geomagnetic field models

Estimating high resolution models of the Earth's core magnetic field and its time variation in the polar regions requires that one can adequately account for magnetic signals produced by polar ionospheric currents, which vary on a wide range of time and length scales. Limitations of existing ionospheric field models in the challenging polar regions can adversely affect core field models, which in turn has important implications for studies of the core flow dynamics in those regions. Here we implement a new approach to co-estimate a climatological model of the ionospheric field together with a model of the internal and magnetospheric fields within the CHAOS geomagnetic field modelling framework. The parametrization of the ionospheric field exploits non-orthogonal magnetic coordinates and scales linearly with external driving parameters related to the solar wind and the interplanetary magnetic field. Using this approach we derive a new geomagnetic field model from measurements of the magnetic field collected by low Earth orbit satellites, which in addition to the internal field provides estimates of the typical current system in the polar ionosphere. We find that the time derivative of the estimated internal field is less contaminated by the polar currents, which is mostly visible in the zonal and near-zonal terms at high spherical harmonic degrees. Distinctive patches of strong secular variation at the core-mantle boundary, which have important implications for core dynamics, persist. Relaxing the temporal regularisation reveals annual oscillations, which could indicate remaining ionospheric field or related induced signals in the internal field model. Using principal component analysis we find that the annual oscillations mostly affect the zonal low-degree spherical harmonics of the internal field.Comment: 26 pages, 15 figures, 3 table

Phonon-induced disorder in dynamics of optically pumped metals from non-linear electron-phonon coupling

The non-equilibrium dynamics of matter excited by light may produce electronic phases that do not exist in equilibrium, such as laser-induced high-$T_c$ superconductivity. Here we simulate the dynamics of a metal driven at $t=0$ by a pump that excites dipole-active vibrational modes that couple quadratically to electrons, and study the evolution of its electronic and vibrational observables. We provide evidence for enhancement of local electronic correlations, including double occupancy, accompanied by rapid loss of long-range spatial phase coherence. Concurrently, the onsite vibrational reduced density matrix evolves from its initial coherent state to one with a predominantly diagonal structure whose distribution qualitatively resembles the coherent state Poisson character. This rapid loss of coherence controls the electronic dynamics as the system evolves towards a correlated electron-phonon long-time state. We show that a simple model based on an effective disorder potential generated by the oscillator dephasing dynamics for the electrons provides an explanation for the flattening in momentum of electronic correlations. Our results provide a basis within which to understand correlation dynamics of vibrationally coupled electrons in pump-probe experiments.Comment: 7 pages main text + 3 pages appendices, 5 figures main text + 2 figures appendice

Impact of Quantitative Information and a Nudge on Attitudes toward Colorectal Cancer Screening

Research in behavioral economics suggests that individuals facing complex decisions benefit from being given a “nudge” towards one option, especially in situations where making any choice, as opposed to none, is preferred. Decisions about colorectal cancer (CRC) screening are of this type, since several tests are recommended by guidelines, including colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, and stool testing. No studies have examined the use of a nudge in the context of CRC screening. In this study, we compared the effects of two different approaches to providing quantitative information about CRC risk and benefits of screening, one with and one without a nudge towards fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) (a stool test)