Modeling of Condensation Reaction of Aniline to Diphenylamine by PM7 Method

Modeling of the condensation reaction to diphenylamine was carried out by PM7 method with acid catalysts: tetrafluoroborate, oxytrifluoroborate and anilinium oxytetratrifluoroborate. The calculated data prove that the formation of a few protonated forms of aniline is possible during the reaction of aniline with acids. Only positively charged p- and o-[sigma]-complexes are capable of further interaction with aniline. The stage of intramolecular proton transfer from the primary to the secondary amino groups of intermediates of aniline reaction with proton aniline ?-complex determines the condensation rate of aniline to diphenylamine with acid catalysts. A catalyst anion can form ionic and ion-dipole complexes with reaction mixture components and can influence the distribution of electron density in reactants and their reactivity with its field

Network interaction in the tourist and recreational sphere

This article addresses questions on the formation of network structures in the tourism and recreational sphere because most prospective forms of interaction occur during the creation of a regional tourism product. The importance of networks in the solution of questions on the spatial localization of the tourist offer is noted, network designs in formation of tourism products are considered and the need to create substantially flexible networks for development of tourism that takes into account the available resources and the solution to the solution to the issue of redistribution of tourist stream

Transformation of the Personnel Policy of Russian Universities Participating in Project 5-100: The Case of National Research Nuclear University Mephi

The article examines the development of personnel policy and human resource management (HRM) in Russian universities under the influence of the Project 5-100. Globalization has intensified the processes of universities corporatization and the spread of effective management practices. National academic excellence programs have contributed to strengthening the performance-based governance in universities all over the world. These factors had deeply influenced the transformation of HRM practices at universities. Russian studies in this field are shown as fragmented, focusing on narrow aspects, and not forming a holistic picture of the HRM system transformation in Russian universities. This work aims to describe a holistic case of personnel policy and HRM system development in one of the leading Russian universities – the National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI” (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute).The research applied the method of semi-formalized interviews and covered 25 employees of MEPhI. Four interview guides were developed for different categories of employees (top management, middle management, academics, teachers), including more than 25 questions, focusing on employees’ perception of different components of the HRM system at the university. The study showed that the HRM system at MEPhI was significantly transformed under the influence of the Project 5-100: the personnel policy was formalized in high-level strategic documents; the processes of recruitment and selection of foreign employees have been rebuilt; the considerable increase in the number of foreign employees was reached; global partners began to play an important role; a comfortable environment for the implementation of initiatives was created and opportunities for professional development were provided. A significant part of these changes is connected, directly or indirectly, with the university’s participation in the Project 5-100. In general, this points to its positive impact on personnel policy and the HRM system at the university. The results obtained can be used as a basis for formulating recommendations for improving the personnel policy and HRM system in Russian universities as an important component of the management system as a whole

First mock-up of the CBM STS module based on a new assembly concept

A molecular dynamics model has been developed to investigate the effect of the crystallographic orientation on the material deformation behaviors in nano- indentation/scratching of BCC iron. Two cases with different substrate orientations have been simulated. The orientations along x, y and z direction are [001], [100] and [010] for Case I and [111], [-1-12] and [1-10] for Case II, respectively. Case I and Case II exhibit different deformation patterns in the substrate. During indentation, the pile-up can be observed in Case I, but not in Case II. During scratching the pile-up ahead of the movement of the indenter has been enlarged in Case I, while a chip with the disordered atoms is generated in Case II. It has been found that Case I has both higher hardness and larger coefficient of friction. The ratios of the hardness and the coefficient of friction between cases I and II are nearly 2. The reason is attributed to the different crystallographic orientations used in both cases

The Qo site of the mitochondrial complex III is required for the transduction of hypoxic signaling via reactive oxygen species production

Mammalian cells increase transcription of genes for adaptation to hypoxia through the stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) protein. How cells transduce hypoxic signals to stabilize the HIF-1α protein remains unresolved. We demonstrate that cells deficient in the complex III subunit cytochrome b, which are respiratory incompetent, increase ROS levels and stabilize the HIF-1α protein during hypoxia. RNA interference of the complex III subunit Rieske iron sulfur protein in the cytochrome b–null cells and treatment of wild-type cells with stigmatellin abolished reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation at the Qo site of complex III. These interventions maintained hydroxylation of HIF-1α protein and prevented stabilization of HIF-1α protein during hypoxia. Antioxidants maintained hydroxylation of HIF-1α protein and prevented stabilization of HIF-1α protein during hypoxia. Exogenous hydrogen peroxide under normoxia prevented hydroxylation of HIF-1α protein and stabilized HIF-1α protein. These results provide genetic and pharmacologic evidence that the Qo site of complex III is required for the transduction of hypoxic signal by releasing ROS to stabilize the HIF-1α protein

The correlation between parental attitude and susceptibility to drug addiction among students

© 2015, Canadian Center of Science and Education. All rights reserved. The susceptibility to drug addiction affects the formation of the students personality. One of the reasons of its appearance is the socialization defects within the family, regrettable attitude of parents to children. The purpose of this article is to identify and investigate the particularities of the parental attitude to the students of the secondary vocational and higher education institutions who have different levels of susceptibility to drug addiction. To analyze the parental attitude two criteria are used in the research: the degree of emotional bond, parents’ attachment to the child (love, acceptance, warmth or emotional rejection and coldness) and the degree of control over his behavior (high—with lots of restrictions and prohibitions; low—the minimum prohibitive tones). They represent three main factors: positive interest vs. hostility, directivity vs. autonomy and inconsistency as a sharp transition from one extreme to another. The research shows that the formation of susceptibility to addiction among the students of the secondary vocational schools is influenced by the particular attitudes of both parents, while university students are mostly affected by their mothers’ attitude. It is found that the particularities of the child-parent relationships in forming susceptibility to addiction affect more the students of the secondary vocational schools than the higher education students. The research data allow to improve the psycho-pedagogical programs aimed at reducing drug addiction susceptibility among students

Особенности течения хронической церебральной ишемии в старших возрастных группах в динамике восстановительной терапии в условиях специализированного медицинского центра

According to the data of the investigation it was established the connection between the intensity of neurological and cognitive disturbances, psychoemotional disturbances and changes of quality of life of the adult and elderly patients with chronicle cerebral ischemia. It was showed that using the rehabilitation therapy in the special referral medical center in the beginning stage of the disease bias for the better on quality of live of the patients.В результате исследования установлена связь между уровнем неврологических и когнитивных расстройств, психоэмоциональными нарушениями и изменением качества жизни больных при хронической церебральной ишемии в пожилом и старческом возрасте. Показано, что применение восстановительной терапии в условиях специализированного медицинского центра на ранних этапах заболевания оказывает положительное влияние на качество жизни пациентов

Состояние ихтио-, мезо- и макропланктонных комплексов у Крымского полуострова (Чёрное море) в связи с особенностями гидрологического режима в октябре 2016 г.

Климатические изменения в гидрологическом режиме Чёрного моря, отмечаемые с 1990-х гг., отразились на состоянии эпипелагических комплексов морских организмов, прежде всего на сезонной изменчивости их биологических циклов. Это оказало существенное влияние на фенологию нереста природных популяций рыб, видовое разнообразие и пространственное распределение ихтиопланктона, а также на устоявшиеся трофические взаимоотношения в планктонном сообществе. В конечном итоге характер взаимодействия между различными звеньями трофической цепи в эпипелагических комплексах, их сезонная и межгодовая изменчивость влияют на эффективность нереста рыб, прежде всего массовых промысловых видов, и в значительной степени определяют успех пополнения их будущих поколений. С целью изучения видового состава, численности и пространственного распределения ихтиопланктона в октябре 2016 г. (89-й рейс НИС «Профессор Водяницкий», 30 сентября — 19 октября) были проведены исследования в шельфовых и открытых водах Чёрного моря у Крымского полуострова, проанализированы не только икра и личинки рыб, но и биомасса мезо- и макропланктона. Пробы ихтио- и макропланктона отбирали сетью Богорова — Расса (площадь входного отверстия — 0,5 м²; ячея — 300 мкм) методом тотальных вертикальных ловов от дна до поверхности моря в области шельфа и от нижней границы кислородной зоны до поверхности моря в глубоководной части. Ихтиопланктон фиксировали 4%-ным раствором формалина и анализировали позже под микроскопом, определяя таксономический состав организмов и по возможности — наличие и состав пищи в кишечниках личинок рыб. Проанализированы данные о видовом составе и пространственном распределении ихтио-, мезо- и макропланктона, а также о питании личинок рыб Чёрного моря у Крымского полуострова в октябре 2016 г. Период съёмки соответствовал начальной фазе осеннего гидрологического сезона. Ихтиопланктон был представлен икрой и личинками 9 видов тепловодных и 6 видов умеренноводных рыб. Средняя численность икры рыб составляла 2,92, а личинок — 3,56 экз.·м−2. Низкая доля (30 %) мёртвой икры тепловодной хамсы Engraulis encrasicolus, а также наличие её разноразмерных личинок в море свидетельствовали о продолжении результативного нереста. Биомасса зоопланктона возрастала в направлении от шельфа к глубоководным районам. Мелкоразмерные фракции планктонных организмов преобладали на шельфе, обеспечивая здесь лучшие кормовые условия для выживания личинок рыб. Несмотря на значительную биомассу желетелых-планктофагов в октябре 2016 г., их влияние на ихтиопланктонные комплексы Чёрного моря, по-видимому, оставалось несущественным

Eidetics of Law-Making Acts: Parts, Wholes and Degrees of Existence

In my paper I introduce the phenomenological concept of “eidetics” and its application to law. I show that, according to this approach grounded in the works of Reinach (1913/1989) and Stein (1925), the problem of the existence and validity of the law can be fruitfully analysed in terms of parts-wholes which constitute law-making acts as wholes, both as performed and fulfilled acts. I argue that the parts of law-making acts can be subject to varying degrees of constraint – necessary, possible or contingent parts – and that it is the possible part of law-making acts that makes the difference between the existence of law-making acts and their validity: between their mere existence as performed acts, and their full existence as fulfilled and valid acts. I show this in focusing on Stein’s suggestion of filling the inter-personal gap between legislator and citizens in legal provisions by introducing “integrative acts”, which facilitate the uptake and, consequently, the enforcement of legal provisions by citizens. I suggest that Stein’s work on the integrative acts of legal provisions is grounded in the eidetic claim that essential parts of a whole also include possible – and not only necessary – parts, and that these are essential relations of tendency: legal provisions tend essentially to be fulfilled and their existence acquires a full sense only when they are enforced. Finally, I deal with eidetics and the issue of degrees and quality of existence in social ontology