Child Abuse and Neglect in Nevada

Child maltreatment is a critical issue facing our nation and our state. Child abuse and neglect impacts the lives of thousands of children and families every day. In 2003, an estimated 906,000 children were determined to be victims of child abuse and neglect in the United States. This equates to a victimization rate of 12.4 per 1,000 children in the population. These figures, however, only represent the number of substantiated cases of abuse and neglect. In 2003, approximately 2.9 million referrals concerning the welfare of an estimated 5.5 million children were made to child protective service agencies in 2003

ACESSO À JUSTIÇA: REFLEXÃO TEÓRICA DA ACESSIBILIDADE E AS MODIFICAÇÕES IMPOSTAS PELA LEGISLAÇÃO PROCESSUAL

O artigo discorre sobre o acesso à Justiça, tendo como problemática: é garantido o acesso à Justiça? O tema central é a acessibilidade frente às disposições e vertentes jurisprudenciais que se alteram, de acordo com a matéria, sob o objetivo de permear as bases teóricas, a fim de sopesar as modificações impostas com as alterações legais e, sobretudo a implementação da era digital, sob a justificativa de avaliar a acessibilidade enquanto direito fundamental, norteador dos demais direitos e políticas públicas, utilizando-se como método de pesquisa a revisão bibliográfica, tendo como referencial teórico os autores Mauro Cappelletti e Bryant Garth

Intravenous Brivaracetam in the Management of Acute Seizures in the Hospital Setting: A Scoping Review

Background Clinical considerations for drug treatment of acute seizures involve variables such as safety, tolerability, drug-drug interactions, dosage, route of administration, and alterations in pharmacokinetics because of critical illness. Therapy options that are easily and quickly administered without dilution, well tolerated, and effective are needed for the treatment of acute seizures. The objective of this review is to focus on the clinical considerations relating to the use of intravenous brivaracetam (IV BRV) for the treatment of acute seizures in the hospital, focusing on critically ill patients. Methods This was a scoping literature review of PubMed from inception to April 13, 2021, and search of the American Academy of Neurology (AAN) 2021 Annual Meeting website for English language publications/conference abstracts reporting the results of IV BRV use in hospitalized patients, particularly in the critical care setting. Outcomes of interest relating to the clinical pharmacology, safety, tolerability, efficacy, and effectiveness of IV BRV were reviewed and are discussed. Results Twelve studies were included for analysis. One study showed that plasma concentrations of IV BRV 15 min after the first dose were similar between patients receiving IV BRV as bolus or infusion. IV BRV was generally well tolerated in patients with acute seizures in the hospital setting, with a low incidence of individual TEAEs classified as behavioral disorders. IV BRV demonstrated efficacy and effectiveness and had a rapid onset, with clinical and electrophysiological improvement in seizures observed within minutes. Although outside of the approved label, findings from several studies suggest that IV BRV reduces seizures and is generally well tolerated in patients with status epilepticus. Conclusions IV BRV shows effectiveness, and is generally well tolerated in the management of acute seizures in hospitalized patients where rapid administration is needed, representing a clinically relevant antiseizure medication for potential use in the critical care setting

CCR5 limits cortical viral loads during West Nile virus infection of the central nervous system

BACKGROUND: Cell-mediated immunity is critical for clearance of central nervous system (CNS) infection with the encephalitic flavivirus, West Nile virus (WNV). Prior studies from our laboratory have shown that WNV-infected neurons express chemoattractants that mediate recruitment of antiviral leukocytes into the CNS. Although the chemokine receptor, CCR5, has been shown to play an important role in CNS host defense during WNV infection, regional effects of its activity within the infected brain have not been defined. METHODS: We used CCR5-deficient mice and an established murine model of WNV encephalitis to determine whether CCR5 activity impacts on WNV levels within the CNS in a region-specific fashion. Statistical comparisons between groups were made with one- or two-way analysis of variance; Bonferroni’s post hoc test was subsequently used to compare individual means. Survival was analyzed by the log-rank test. Analyses were conducted using Prism software (GraphPad Prism). All data were expressed as means ± SEM. Differences were considered significant if P ≤ 0.05. RESULTS: As previously shown, lack of CCR5 activity led to increased symptomatic disease and mortality in mice after subcutaneous infection with WNV. Evaluation of viral burden in the footpad, draining lymph nodes, spleen, olfactory bulb, and cerebellum derived from WNV-infected wild-type, and CCR5(−/−) mice showed no differences between the genotypes. In contrast, WNV-infected, CCR5(−/−) mice exhibited significantly increased viral burden in cortical tissues, including the hippocampus, at day 8 post-infection. CNS regional studies of chemokine expression via luminex analysis revealed significantly increased expression of CCR5 ligands, CCL4 and CCL5, within the cortices of WNV-infected, CCR5(−/−) mice compared with those of similarly infected WT animals. Cortical elevations in viral loads and CCR5 ligands in WNV-infected, CCR5(−/−) mice, however, were associated with decreased numbers of infiltrating mononuclear cells and increased permeability of the blood-brain barrier. CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that regional differences in chemokine expression occur in response to WNV infection of the CNS, and that cortical neurons require CCR5 activity to limit viral burden in this brain region

As Universidades Comunitárias e a sua Relação com o Fortalecimento da Esfera Local

This article aimed to analyze the communities universities, since the movements that characterized it appearance until its current brazilian legislation. The communities universities should have a greater social commitment, and, from this premise, they should present initiatives that temper the local space. In this way, it was carried out na analysis in the examples in the University of Santa Cruz do Sul – UNISC, verifying if the communities universities contribute for the empowerment of the local sphere. Therefore, the result was that the communities universities bring several benefits for the community, strengthening the social capital of the municipalities that these institutions are placed.O presente artigo objetivou analisar as universidades comunitárias, desde os movimentos que caracterizaram seu surgimento a sua atual legislação brasileira. As universidades comunitárias devem possuir maior compromisso social, e, a partir dessa premissa, devem apresentar iniciativas que avigoram o espaço local. Neste sentido, foi efetuada uma análise nos exemplos da Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul – UNISC, verificando se as universidades comunitárias contribuem para o fortalecimento da esfera local. Dessa forma, teve-se como resultado o de que as universidades comunitárias trazem diversos benefícios à comunidade, fortalecendo o capital social dos municípios em que estas instituições se encontram inseridas

A utilização das tecnologias da informação no âmbito da previdência social: a inclusão excludente da internet aos segurados previdenciários / The use of information technologies in the framework of social security: the excluding inclusion of the internet to the private insured

A incorporação das tecnologias no âmbito da Previdência Social mostra-se adequada às necessidades de celeridade do processo administrativo. No entanto, a implantação do INSS Digital como ferramenta isolada, sem relacionar com as demais políticas públicas e sociais, revela-se inadequada, frente aos dados qualitativos apurados pelo PNAD-Contínua do IGBE. Assim, no presente artigo, analisou-se o papel da tecnologia no âmbito da Previdência Social, sob o viés do espaço de informação e de relação social, com a justificativa da necessidade de promover discussões políticas concentradas em questões sociais que afetam (in)diretamente toda sociedade. O objetivo é analisar a dinâmica social criada com a verticalização do INSS Digital na estrutura relacional com os segurados, tendo como referencial teórico Manuel Castells no processo relacional de poder. A metodologia utilizada foi à pesquisa quantitativa PNAD-Contínua do quarto trimestre de 2016 e os apontamentos acerca da inclusão da ferramenta do INSS Digital, como componentes de avaliação empírica, os quais evidenciaram variáveis importantes, sob o ponto de vista social, sobretudo no tocante a acessibilidade, ao desconhecimento digital e da deficiência e igualdade da cobertura da Rede Mundial de Internet.

A utilização das tecnologias da informação no âmbito da previdência social: a inclusão excludente da internet aos segurados previdenciários / The use of information technologies in the framework of social security: the excluding inclusion of the internet to the private insured

A incorporação das tecnologias no âmbito da Previdência Social mostra-se adequada às necessidades de celeridade do processo administrativo. No entanto, a implantação do INSS Digital como ferramenta isolada, sem relacionar com as demais políticas públicas e sociais, revela-se inadequada, frente aos dados qualitativos apurados pelo PNAD-Contínua do IGBE. Assim, no presente artigo, analisou-se o papel da tecnologia no âmbito da Previdência Social, sob o viés do espaço de informação e de relação social, com a justificativa da necessidade de promover discussões políticas concentradas em questões sociais que afetam (in)diretamente toda sociedade. O objetivo é analisar a dinâmica social criada com a verticalização do INSS Digital na estrutura relacional com os segurados, tendo como referencial teórico Manuel Castells no processo relacional de poder. A metodologia utilizada foi à pesquisa quantitativa PNAD-Contínua do quarto trimestre de 2016 e os apontamentos acerca da inclusão da ferramenta do INSS Digital, como componentes de avaliação empírica, os quais evidenciaram variáveis importantes, sob o ponto de vista social, sobretudo no tocante a acessibilidade, ao desconhecimento digital e da deficiência e igualdade da cobertura da Rede Mundial de Internet.